| Number (out of 9) of External Stakeholders who Ranked the Outcome as One of Their Top Three | Type of Outcome | Outcome |
|---|---|---|
| 4 | Long-term offspring | Chronic diseases (e.g., obesity, type 2 diabetes) |
| 3 | Short-term maternal | Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (e.g., gestational hypertension, preeclampsia) |
| 3 | Short-term maternal | Medication adherence |
| 3 | Neonatal | Large for gestational age and macrosomia |
| 2 | Short-term maternal | Gestational weight gain |
| 2 | Short-term maternal | Hypoglycemia |
| 2 | Long-term maternal | Postpartum type 2 diabetes mellitus or glucose intolerance/impaired fasting glucose |
| 2 | Neonatal | Neonatal intensive care unit admission |
| 1 | Short-term maternal | Patient-reported outcomes (e.g., patient treatment preference, quality of life) |
| 1 | Short-term maternal | Shoulder dystocia |
| 1 | Short-term maternal | Glycemic control (e.g., fasting blood glucose, 2-hr postprandial glucose) |
| 1 | Neonatal | Hypoxia/anoxia |
| 1 | Neonatal | Birth trauma (e.g., bone fractures, brachial plexus palsy) |
| 1 | Neonatal | Birth weight |
The following outcomes were not ranked in the top 3 by any external stakeholder:
Short-Term Maternal Outcomes—cesarean delivery (including primary cesarean and repeat cesarean) and indication for cesarean delivery, complications of cesarean delivery (e.g., wound infection, wound dehiscence), vaginal delivery (and specify type: spontaneous or operative), perineal lacerations, postpartum hemorrhage, and peripartum mortality
Long-Term Maternal Outcomes—postpartum weight retention, patient-reported outcomes (e.g., quality of life), and mortality
Neonatal Outcomes—hyperbilirubinemia, hypoglycemia, small for gestational age, respiratory distress syndrome, and perinatal mortality
Long-Term Offspring Outcomes—infant and child growth, and anthropometrics.
From: Results
NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.