Table 3.28Main resource requirements for intermittent auscultation: Doppler ultrasound device and Pinard fetal stethoscope (comparison 1)

ResourceDescription
Staff training

Doppler: fairly easy to use without additional training (32)

Pinard: practice-based training; can take some experience to become proficient (113)

Supplies

Doppler: ultrasound gel; some require replaceable batteries (1.5V AA) (112)

Pinard: none

Equipment

Doppler: device can cost US$ 95 to US$ 350 (32,112)

Pinard: US$ 0.94 (112)

Infrastructure

Doppler: battery-operated (batteries either need charging or replacing)

Pinard: none required

Staff time

Doppler: variable (minutes), depending on provider experience

Pinard: variable (minutes), depending on provider experience

From: 3., Evidence and recommendations

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WHO recommendations: Intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience.
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