| Study | Study design and methods | Population | Aims | Limitations assessed using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP 2018). Maximum score=20 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bance 2014 | Face to face interview | N=29, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to describe the experience of a traumatic event from the viewpoint of Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) workers, and to explore what traumatized TTC employees perceived as barriers and motivating factors in help seeking after experiencing a traumatic event at work. | Overall quality based on limitations:16 |
| Bermudez 2013 | Three face to face interviews and a focus group | N=10, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to explore how low-income minority women with a history of intimate partner violence experienced mindfulness training. | Overall quality based on limitations:16 |
| Borman 2013 | Telephone interview | N=65, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to identify types of situations and ways that Mantram repetition was used to manage symptoms of PTSD. | Overall quality based on limitations:17 |
| Dittman 2014 | Telephone interview | N=30, children with PTSD | The objective of this study was to explore traumatised youths’ experiences of receiving TF-CBT. | Overall quality based on limitations:17 |
| Eisenman 2008 | Face to face interview | N=60, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to understand the illness beliefs and treatment preferences of Latino immigrants with PTSD. | Overall quality based on limitations:16 |
| Ellis 2016 | Face to face interview | N=5, adults with PTSD | This study examined the nature of changes in dreams following the reimagining of a new ending to recurrent nightmares, resulting in a theory about why clients might experience symptom relief from the process. | Overall quality based on limitations: 10 |
| Ellison 2012 | Focus group | N=29, adults with PTSD | This study examines a qualitative needs assessment for education supports among veterans with post-9/11 service with self-reported PTSD symptoms. | Overall quality based on limitations: 15 |
| Ghafoori 2014 | Interview | N=27, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to describe and understand the narratives of urban, low-income, trauma-exposed adults to learn about mental health beliefs related to trauma exposure, mental health outcomes, and the use of mental health services. | Overall quality based on limitations: 16 |
| Hundt 2015 | Interview multiple methods | N=23, adults with PTSD | To examine veterans’ experiences initiating evidence based psychotherapies or PTSD. | Overall quality based on limitations: 17 |
| Jindani 2015 | Telephone interview | N=40, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to understand the experiences of participants with PTSD symptoms partaking in trauma sensitive Kundalini yoga treatment. | Overall quality based on limitations: 16 |
| Kaltman 2014 | Face to face interview | N=27, adults with PTSD | This study sought to develop and preliminarily evaluate a mental health intervention for trauma-exposed Latina immigrants with depression and/or PTSD for primary care clinics that serve the uninsured. | Overall quality based on limitations: 13 |
| Kaltman 2016 | Face to face interview | N=28, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to evaluate a mental health intervention for trauma-exposed Latina immigrants with depression and/or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for primary care clinics that serve the uninsured. | Overall quality based on limitations: 13 |
| Kehle-Forbes 2017 | Telephone interview | N=37, adults with PTSD | This study’s objective was to obtain a richer understanding of the challenges and successes encountered by women veterans with self-reported service-related trauma histories receiving VHA care. | Overall quality based on limitations: 15 |
| Murray 2016 | Free-text written response | N=25, adults with PTSD | This study aimed to ascertain whether participants found site visits helpful, to test whether the functions of the site visit predicted by cognitive theories of PTSD were endorsed. | Overall quality based on limitations: 16 |
| Niles 2016 | Focus group and interview | N=17, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to examine feasibility, qualitative feedback and satisfaction associated with a 4-session introduction to Tai Chi for veterans with post-traumatic stress symptoms. | Overall quality based on limitations: 16 |
| Palmer 2004 | Face to face interview | N=30, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to gain a fuller understanding of the perspectives of individuals dealing with the traumatic effects of child abuse. | Overall quality based on limitations: 13 |
| Possemato 2015 | Focus group | N=18, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to explore veterans’ experiences using a Web-based patient self-management program that teaches CBT skills to manage PTSD symptoms and substance misuse. | Overall quality based on limitations: 13 |
| Possemato 2017 | Telephone interview | N=16, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to refined an intervention to provide clinician support to facilitate use of the PTSD Coach app and gathered VA provider and patient qualitative and quantitative feedback on CS-PTSD Coach to investigate preliminary acceptability and Implementation barriers/facilitators. | Overall quality based on limitations: 16 |
| Salloum 2015 | Face to face interview | N=33, children with PTSD and their family/carers | The study aimed to explore experiences of a parent-led, therapist-assisted treatment during Step One of Stepped Care Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. | Overall quality based on limitations: 18 |
| Salloum 2016 | Face to face interview | N=52, children with PTSD and their family/carers | The study aimed to examine caregiver’s perceptions of parent-led stepped care trauma focused-cognitive behavioural therapy and therapist led trauma focused cognitive behavioural therapy. | Overall quality based on limitations: 17 |
| Stankovic 2011 | Face to face interview | N=11, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to examine responses to and challenges to iRest, integrative restoration mindfulness meditation. | Overall quality based on limitations: 10 |
| Story 2017 | Focus group and interview | N=5, adults with PTSD | This study aimed to explore female veteran’s experience of the guided imagery and music sessions. | Overall quality based on limitations: 18 |
| Taylor 2013 | Face to face interview | N=9, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to explore the relationship between persistent pain and re-experiencing of traumatic events in survivors of torture. | Overall quality based on limitations: 18 |
| Tharp 2016 | Face to face interview | N=25, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to gain the perspectives of male veterans with and without post-traumatic stress disorder to inform IPV prevention and treatment within the Veterans Administration (VA) healthcare system. | Overall quality based on limitations: 16 |
| Valentine 2016 | Face to face interview | N=24, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to describe associations between various types of mental health stigma and help-seeking behaviours among ethnically diverse clients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) served by an urban community health clinic. | Overall quality based on limitations: 18 |
| Vincent 2013 | Face to face interview | N=7, adults with PTSD | This study considers the acceptability of TF-CBT for asylum-seekers with PTSD by exploring their experiences of treatment. | Overall quality based on limitations: 15 |
| West 2017 | Face to face interview | N=31, adults with PTSD | The study aimed to investigate how yoga impacts symptoms from perspective of adult women with PTSD. | Overall quality based on limitations: 17 |
| Whealin 2016 | Focus group | N=10, adults with PTSD | The study seeks to interpret actions of veterans in use of Ehealth. | Overall quality based on limitations: 16 |
PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; TTC, Toronto Transit Commission; TF-CBT, trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy; VHA, Veterans Health Administration; CBT, cognitive behavioural therapy; VA, Veterans Administration; CS-PTSD, clinician-supported post-traumatic stress disorder; IPV, intimate partner violence.
From: Evidence review for principles of care
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