Table 15Summary of included studies for primary care versus secondary care subgroup analysis for comparison 1d TCAs versus placebo

StudyPopulationInterventionComparisonComments
Primary care (K=6, N=597)

Barge-Schaapveld 2002

RCT

Netherlands

Primary care

N=63

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 43.4

Sex (% female): 73

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 200mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms endpoint

Blashki 1971

RCT

Australia

Primary care

N=45

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 36.7

Sex (% female): 100

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Amitriptyline 75mg/day or 150mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 4

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms endpoint
  • Depression symptoms change score

Lecrubier 1997a

RCT

France, Italy & UK

Primary care

N=151

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 40.6

Sex (% female): 66

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 75-150mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 13

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Mynors-Wallis 1995a

RCT

UK

Primary care

N=61

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 37.1

Sex (% female): 74

Ethnicity (% BME): 5

Amitriptyline maximum 150mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 12

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms endpoint
  • Depression symptoms change score

Philipp 1999

RCT

Germany

Primary care

N=157

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 46.5

Sex (% female): 75

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 100mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 8

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms change score
  • Response

Schweizer 1998

RCT

US

Primary care

N=120

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): NR

Sex (% female): NR

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 50-150mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 8

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Secondary care (K=30, N=3,444)

29060 07 001a

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=25

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 44.8

Sex (% female): 52

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Amitriptyline (dose NR)Placebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms change score

Amsterdam 1986

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=109

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 41

Sex (% female): 33

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Amitriptyline 200-600mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 4

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms endpoint
  • Depression symptoms change score
  • Response

Bakish 1992b

RCT

Canada

Secondary care

N=115

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 43

Sex (% female): 43

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Amitriptyline 150mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Bremner 1995a

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=100

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 38.0

Sex (% female): 72

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Amitriptyline 40-280mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Byerley 1988a

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=63

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 38.5

Sex (% female): 61

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 150-300mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms endpoint
  • Response

Cassano 1986

RCT

US, Canada, UK, & France

Secondary care

N=314

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 41.7

Sex (% female): 62

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 50-300mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 4

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Elkin 1989/Imber 1990b

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=125

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 35

Sex (% female): 70

Ethnicity (% BME): 11

Imipramine (mean final dose 185mg/day)Placebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 16

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms endpoint
  • Depression symptoms change score

Escobar 1980a

RCT

Colombia

Secondary care

N=27

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 46.1

Sex (% female): 59

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 100-300mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 4

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Fabre 1992a

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=80

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 35.5

Sex (% female): 66

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 65-275mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms change score

Feiger 1996

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=81

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 39.7

Sex (% female): 56

Ethnicity (% BME): 11

Imipramine 50-300mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 8

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Feighner 1982

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=139

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): NR

Sex (% female): 71

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Lofepramine 105-280mg/day or Imipramine 75-200mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms endpoint
  • Response

Feighner 1989b

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=30

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 44

Sex (% female): 50

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 50-250mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Fontaine 1994

RCT

Canada

Secondary care

N=90

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 43.1

Sex (% female): 58

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 50-250mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Goldberg 1980a

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=122

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 36.1

Sex (% female): 74

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Amitriptyline 75-200mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Kusalic 1993

RCT

Canada

Secondary care

N=28

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): NR

Sex (% female): NR

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Amitriptyline (mean final dose 109.93mg/day)Placebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

McCallum 1975

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=24

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 41.5

Sex (% female): 83

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Amitriptyline 150mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 3

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms endpoint
  • Depression symptoms change score

MIR 003-020 (FDA)a

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=86

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 44.0

Sex (% female): 55

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Amitriptyline 40-280mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms change score
  • Response

Peselow 1989aa

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=71

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 44.7

Sex (% female): 35

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 65-275mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Peselow 1989ba

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=82

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): NR

Sex (% female): NR

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 65-275mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Reimherr 1990a

RCT

US & Canada

Secondary care

N=299

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 39.0

Sex (% female): 54

Ethnicity (% BME): 9

Amitriptyline 50-150mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 8

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms change score
  • Response

Rickels 1982e

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=97

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): NR

Sex (% female): NR

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 150-200mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 4

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Rickels 1991

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=131

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): NR

Sex (% female): NR

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine minimum 150mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Rickels 1995_Study 006-1

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=77

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): NR

Sex (% female): NR

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 100-300mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 8

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Rickels 1995_Study 006-2

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=80

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): NR

Sex (% female): NR

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 100-300mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 8

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Schweizer 1994a

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=151

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 42.5

Sex (% female): 64

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 75-225mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms change score
  • Response

SER 315 (FDA)a

RCT

Europe

Secondary care

N=157

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 43.5

Sex (% female): 75

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Amitriptyline 50-200mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 8

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms change score

Silverstone 1994

RCT

UK

Secondary care

N=166

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): NR

Sex (% female): NR

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 150mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms endpoint
  • Depression symptoms change score
  • Response

Smith 1990a

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=100

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): NR

Sex (% female): NR

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Amitriptyline 80-280mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Response

Stark 1985a

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=355

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 41.5

Sex (% female): 68

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Imipramine 100-300mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms change score
  • Response

White 1984

RCT

US

Secondary care

N=120

Baseline severity: More severe

Mean age (years): 37.1

Sex (% female): 48

Ethnicity (% BME): NR

Nortriptyline 75-150mg/dayPlacebo

Treatment duration (weeks): 6

Outcomes (for primary versus secondary care subgroup analysis):

  • Depression symptoms change score

a

Three-armed trial but where possible the demographics reported here are for only the two relevant arms.

BME: black, minority, ethnic; K: number of studies; mg: milligrams; N: number of participants; NR: not reported; RCT: randomised controlled trial.

From: Service delivery Models and settings for delivery of services

Cover of Service delivery Models and settings for delivery of services
Service delivery Models and settings for delivery of services: Depression in adults: Evidence review A.
NICE Guideline, No. 222.
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