Table 13Baseline Characteristics by Study Arm

CharacteristicHealth coached arm, mean (SD) [N] or % [No.] [N]Usual care arm, mean (SD) [N] or % [No.] [N]P value
Age, y 60.6 (8.0) [100]61.9 (7.2) [92].24
Aged 18-64 y 70.0% (70) [100]64.1% (59) [92].39
Aged ≥65 y 30.0% (30) [100]35.9% (33) [92]
Male 67.0% (67) [100]64.1% (59) [92].68
Hispanic/Latino 13% (13) [100]20.7% (19) [92].16
Race
 American Indian/Native American2.0% (2) [100]2.2% (2) [92].93
 Asian2.0% (2) [100]5.4% (5) [92].21
 Black/African American53.0% (53) [100]60.9% (56) [92].27
 Pacific Islander1.0% (1) [100]2.2% (2) [92].51
 White29.0% (29) [100]13.0% (12) [92].01
 More than 1 race1.0% (1) [100]2.2% (2) [92].51
 Other/unknown/not reported12.0% (12) [100]14.1% (13) [92].66
Less than high school education 27.0% (27) [100]37.4% (34) [91].14
Married or long-term relationship 36.0% (36) [100]31.9% (29) [91].55
Born outside US 13.0% (13) [100]23.1% (21) [91].07
Spanish speaker 7.0% (7) [100]12.1% (11) [91].01
Employment status
 Works full-/part-time outside the home14.0% (14) [100]18.7% (17) [91].38
 Retired32.0% (32) [100]35.2% (32) [91].68
 On disability38.0% (38) [100]34.1% (31) [91].54
 Other (homemaker, unemployed)16.0% (16) [100]12.1% (11) [91].44
Income less than $10 000/y 45.8% (44) [96]45.5% (40) [88].96
Less than full health literacy 39.0% (39) [100]35.2% (32) [91].58
General health less than very good 83.0% (83) [100]85.9% (79) [92].58
Medi-Cal (Medicaid) only 58.0% (58) [100]53.3% (49) [92].51
Lives alone 49.0% (49) [100]46.2% (42) [91].69
Housing insecurity or homelessness 13.0% (13) [100]13.0% (12) [92].99
Comorbidities
 Major mental health diagnosis4.0% (4) [100]4.4% (4) [92].90
 Alcohol abuse17.0% (17) [100]17.4% (16) [92].94
 Substance abuse26.0% (26) [100]31.5% (29) [92].40
 Coronary artery disease8.0% (8) [100]9.8% (9) [92].66
 Heart failure13.0% (13) [100]10.9% (10) [92].65
 Diabetes19.0% (19) [100]27.2% (25) [92].18
 Asthma29.0% (29) [100]26.1% (24) [92].65
 Obstructive sleep apnea7.0% (7) [100]13.0% (12) [92].16
COPD GOLD category D 44.4% (44) [99]48.4% (44) [91].59
At least 1 visit with pulmonary specialist in year before study 34.0% (34)28.3% (26).39
Primary care clinic site
 Clinic 112.0% (12) [100]12.0% (11) [92].99
 Clinic 25.0% (5) [100]3.3% (3) [92].55
 Clinic 331.0% (31) [100]34.8% (32) [92].58
 Clinic 421.0% (21) [100]21.7% (20) [92].90
 Clinic 515.0% (15) [100]12.0% (11) [92].54
 Clinic 611.0% (11) [100]12.0% (11) [92].84
 Clinic 75.0% (5) [100]4.4% (4) [92].83

Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease.

From: Does Working with a Health Coach Help Patients with COPD Improve Their Quality of Life and Breathe Easier?

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Does Working with a Health Coach Help Patients with COPD Improve Their Quality of Life and Breathe Easier? [Internet]
Thom DH, Su G, Hessler D, et al.
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