| Tumor Type (Based on the 2021 WHO Classification)a | Pathological Subtype (Based on the 2021 WHO Classification)a | Related PDQ Treatment Summary |
|---|---|---|
| Pediatric-type diffuse high-grade gliomas | Diffuse pediatric-type high-grade glioma, H3-wild type and IDH-wild type | Childhood Astrocytomas, Other Gliomas, and Glioneuronal/Neuronal Tumors Treatment |
| Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered | ||
| Diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant | ||
| Infant-type hemispheric glioma | ||
| Circumscribed astrocytic gliomas | Pilocytic astrocytoma | Childhood Astrocytomas, Other Gliomas, and Glioneuronal/Neuronal Tumors Treatment |
| High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features | ||
| Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma | ||
| Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma | ||
| Choroid glioma | ||
| Astroblastoma, MN1-altered | ||
| Ependymal tumors | Subependymoma | Childhood Ependymoma Treatment |
| Myxopapillary ependymoma | ||
| Supratentorial ependymoma, NOS | ||
| Supratentorial ependymoma, ZFTA fusion–positive | ||
| Supratentorial ependymoma, YAP1 fusion–positive | ||
| Posterior fossa ependymoma, NOS | ||
| Posterior fossa group A (PFA) ependymoma | ||
| Posterior fossa group B (PFB) ependymoma | ||
| Spinal ependymoma, NOS | ||
| Spinal ependymoma, MYCN-amplified | ||
| Pediatric-type diffuse low-grade glioma | Diffuse astrocytoma, MYB- or MYBL1-altered | Childhood Astrocytomas, Other Gliomas, and Glioneuronal/Neuronal Tumors Treatment |
| Angiocentric glioma | ||
| Polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young | ||
| Diffuse low-grade glioma, MAPK pathway-altered | ||
| Glioneuronal and neuronal tumors | Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor | Childhood Astrocytomas, Other Gliomas, and Glioneuronal/Neuronal Tumors Treatment |
| Ganglioglioma | ||
| Gangliocytoma | ||
| Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma | ||
| Desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma | ||
| Diffuse glioneuronal tumor with oligodendroglioma-like features and nuclear clusters (provisional entity) | ||
| Papillary glioneuronal tumor | ||
| Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor | ||
| Myxoid glioneuronal tumor | ||
| Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor | ||
| Multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor | ||
| Dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma (Lhermitte-Duclos disease) | ||
| Extraventricular neurocytoma | ||
| Cerebellar liponeurocytoma | ||
| Central neurocytoma | ||
| Tumors of the pineal region | Pineoblastoma | Childhood Medulloblastoma and Other Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors Treatment |
| Embryonal tumors | Medulloblastoma, WNT-activated | Childhood Medulloblastoma and Other Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors Treatment |
| Medulloblastoma, SHH-activated and TP53-mutant; Medulloblastoma, SHH-activated and TP53-wildtype | ||
| Medulloblastoma, non-WNT/non-SHH | ||
| Medulloblastoma, histologically defined | ||
| Desmoplastic nodular medulloblastoma | ||
| Medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity | ||
| Large cell medulloblastoma | ||
| Anaplastic medulloblastoma | ||
| Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes, C19MC-altered | ||
| CNS tumor with BCOR internal tandem duplication | ||
| CNS neuroblastoma, FOXR2-activated | ||
| CNS embryonal tumor, NEC/NOS | ||
| Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor | Childhood Central Nervous System Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor Treatment | |
| Germ cell tumors | Germinoma | Childhood Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors Treatment |
| Embryonal carcinoma | ||
| Yolk sac tumor | ||
| Choriocarcinoma | ||
| Mature teratoma | ||
| Immature teratoma | ||
| Teratoma with somatic-type malignancy | ||
| Mixed germ cell tumor | ||
| Tumors of the sellar region | Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma | Childhood Craniopharyngioma Treatment |
| Papillary craniopharyngioma |
CNS = central nervous system; NEC = not elsewhere classified; NOS = not otherwise specified; WHO = World Health Organization.
aWHO classification adapted from Louis et al.[1]
From: Childhood Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors Summary Index (PDQ®)
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