Gcg glucagon [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Gcgprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: glucagonprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:2668
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000005498 AllianceGenome:RGD:2668
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: Glp1; GLP-1
Summary: Enables glucagon receptor binding activity and hormone activity. Involved in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of appetite; and response to L-arginine. Located in extracellular space. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Alzheimer's disease and prediabetes syndrome. Orthologous to human GCG (glucagon). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Spleen (RPKM 43.6), Liver (RPKM 10.1) and 1 other tissue See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 3q21

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	3	NC_086021.1 (67522489..67531533, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	3	NC_051338.1 (47113914..47122958, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	3	NC_005102.4 (48442635..48451650, complement)

Chromosome 3 - NC_086021.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Lipopolysaccharide accelerates peristalsis by stimulating glucagon-like peptide-1 release from L cells in the rat proximal colon.
Title: Lipopolysaccharide accelerates peristalsis by stimulating glucagon-like peptide-1 release from L cells in the rat proximal colon.
Adropin Is Expressed in Pancreatic Islet Cells and Reduces Glucagon Release in Diabetes Mellitus.
Title: Adropin Is Expressed in Pancreatic Islet Cells and Reduces Glucagon Release in Diabetes Mellitus.
Populations of Hindbrain Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP1) Neurons That Innervate the Hypothalamic PVH, Thalamic PVT, or Limbic Forebrain BST Have Axon Collaterals That Reach All Central Regions Innervated by GLP1 Neurons.
Title: Populations of Hindbrain Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP1) Neurons That Innervate the Hypothalamic PVH, Thalamic PVT, or Limbic Forebrain BST Have Axon Collaterals That Reach All Central Regions Innervated by GLP1 Neurons.
Colonic L-cell impairment in aged subjects with type 2 diabetes leads to diminished GLP-1 production.
Title: Colonic L-cell impairment in aged subjects with type 2 diabetes leads to diminished GLP-1 production.
[Electroacupuncture improves obesity and promotes white adipose tissue browning by regulating central glucagon-like peptide-1].
Title: [Electroacupuncture improves obesity and promotes white adipose tissue browning by regulating central glucagon-like peptide-1].
RYGB surgery has modest effects on intestinal morphology and gut hormone populations in the bypassed biliopancreatic limb but causes reciprocal changes in GLP-2 and PYY in the alimentary limb.
Title: RYGB surgery has modest effects on intestinal morphology and gut hormone populations in the bypassed biliopancreatic limb but causes reciprocal changes in GLP-2 and PYY in the alimentary limb.
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Is Involved in the Thermic Effects of Dietary Proteins in Male Rodents.
Title: Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Is Involved in the Thermic Effects of Dietary Proteins in Male Rodents.
The role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in fluid and food intakes in vasopressin-deficient Brattleboro rats.
Title: The role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in fluid and food intakes in vasopressin-deficient Brattleboro rats.
Suppression of angiotensin II-activated NOX4/NADPH oxidase and mitochondrial dysfunction by preserving glucagon-like peptide-1 attenuates myocardial fibrosis and hypertension.
Title: Suppression of angiotensin II-activated NOX4/NADPH oxidase and mitochondrial dysfunction by preserving glucagon-like peptide-1 attenuates myocardial fibrosis and hypertension.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 attenuates diabetes-associated osteoporosis in ZDF rat, possibly through the RAGE pathway.
Title: Glucagon-like peptide-1 attenuates diabetes-associated osteoporosis in ZDF rat, possibly through the RAGE pathway.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (127)

General gene information

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Markers

Gcg (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:507947

Gcg (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143186

Gcg (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143187

GCG (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:251485

Gcg (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:468835

RH142294 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:231541

Gcg (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:256671

Gcg (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:525223

GCG (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:105160

Gcg (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:105160

d3mgh20 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:7167

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables glucagon receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables glucagon receptor binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables hormone activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables hormone activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables hormone activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables hormone activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables hormone activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables receptor ligand activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to glucagon stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to glucagon stimulus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in gluconeogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of gluconeogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glucose homeostasis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in glucose homeostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glucose homeostasis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of appetite	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of calcium ion import	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of calcium ion import	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of gluconeogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of gluconeogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein kinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in protein kinase A signaling	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in protein kinase A signaling	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in protein kinase A signaling	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of insulin secretion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of insulin secretion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of insulin secretion	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of lipid metabolic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in response to L-arginine	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: pro-glucagon

Names: glucagon-like peptide-1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.