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    CRACD capping protein inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 57482, updated on 28-Oct-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    CRACDprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    capping protein inhibiting regulator of actin dynamicsprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:29219
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000109265 MIM:618327; AllianceGenome:HGNC:29219
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    CRAD; KIAA1211
    Summary
    Involved in negative regulation of barbed-end actin filament capping. Predicted to be located in cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Oct 2024]
    Expression
    Biased expression in testis (RPKM 12.2), small intestine (RPKM 8.0) and 13 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See CRACD in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    4q12
    Exon count:
    18
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 4 NC_000004.12 (56049098..56330609)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 4 NC_060928.1 (59537287..59818577)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 4 NC_000004.11 (56915264..57196775)

    Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105377663 Neighboring gene exocyst complex component 1 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr4:56786864-56788063 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21575 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:56814688-56815652 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124900705 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21576 Neighboring gene centrosomal protein 135 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:56915160-56915835 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs1651 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:56952044-56952696 Neighboring gene RNA, 5S ribosomal pseudogene 161 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:57092588-57093151 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC101928760 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 197, pseudogene Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr4:57176503-57177702 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124900707 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:57179040-57179540 Neighboring gene mitochondrial ribosomal protein L22 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene RNA, 5S ribosomal pseudogene 162 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L7a pseudogene 31 Neighboring gene aminoadipate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Substrate rigidity dictates colorectal tumorigenic cell stemness and metastasis via CRAD-dependent mechanotransduction. Chang Y, et al. Cell Rep, 2022 Feb 15. PMID 35172140
    2. Prognostic impact of tumor mutation burden and the mutation in KIAA1211 in small cell lung cancer. Zhou M, et al. Respir Res, 2019 Nov 7. PMID 31699089, Free PMC Article
    3. Knockdown of CRAD suppresses the growth and promotes the apoptosis of human lung cancer cells via Claudin 4. Cui A, et al. Biosci Rep, 2020 Oct 30. PMID 33006362, Free PMC Article
    4. Deregulation of CRAD-controlled cytoskeleton initiates mucinous colorectal cancer via β-catenin. Jung YS, et al. Nat Cell Biol, 2018 Nov. PMID 30361697, Free PMC Article
    5. Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XV. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro. Nagase T, et al. DNA Res, 1999 Oct 29. PMID 10574462

    See all (36) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Substrate rigidity dictates colorectal tumorigenic cell stemness and metastasis via CRAD-dependent mechanotransduction.
      Title: Substrate rigidity dictates colorectal tumorigenic cell stemness and metastasis via CRAD-dependent mechanotransduction.
    2. Knockdown of CRAD suppresses the growth and promotes the apoptosis of human lung cancer cells via Claudin 4.
      Title: Knockdown of CRAD suppresses the growth and promotes the apoptosis of human lung cancer cells via Claudin 4.
    3. The overall survival of small cell lung cancer patients carrying KIAA1211 mutation was significantly longer than those with wild-type KIAA1211.
      Title: Prognostic impact of tumor mutation burden and the mutation in KIAA1211 in small cell lung cancer.
    4. Datam indicate that cancer-related regulator of actin dynamics (CRAD) as frequently mutated or transcriptionally downregulated and as a tumour suppressor in colorectal cancer (CRC).
      Title: Deregulation of CRAD-controlled cytoskeleton initiates mucinous colorectal cancer via β-catenin.
    5. CRAD (Cancer-related Regulator of Actin Dynamics, previously KIAA1211) binds to and inhibits capping proteins, which leads to actin polymerization. CRAD is ubiquitously expressed in epithelial cells and is required for the maintenance of epithelial cell integrity. Genetic ablation of this gene deregulates Wnt signaling and induces the development of tumors in mouse models.
      Title: Deregulation of CRAD-controlled cytoskeleton initiates mucinous colorectal cancer via β-catenin.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • DKFZp564H1363

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in epithelial structure maintenance ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in maintenance of gastrointestinal epithelium IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in maintenance of gastrointestinal epithelium ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of barbed-end actin filament capping IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of barbed-end actin filament capping IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of actin filament polymerization IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytosol IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics
    Names
    cancer-related regulator of actin dynamics

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001393381.1 → NP_001380310.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform 1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC022267, AC068620, AC092627
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43230.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q6ZU35, Q9NTE2, Q9NTP8, Q9ULK9
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7ZMH1
      Related
      ENSP00000507165.1, ENST00000682029.1
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      PTZ00121
      Location:219 → 526
      PTZ00121; MAEBL; Provisional
      PHA03247
      Location:623 → 1060
      PHA03247; large tegument protein UL36; Provisional
      PRK10811
      Location:934 → 1217
      rne; ribonuclease E; Reviewed
      pfam15262
      Location:45 → 172
      DUF4592; Domain of unknown function (DUF4592)

    2. NM_001393382.1 → NP_001380311.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform 1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC022267, AC068620
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43230.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q6ZU35, Q9NTE2, Q9NTP8, Q9ULK9
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7ZMH1
      Related
      ENSP00000423366.1, ENST00000504228.6
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      PTZ00121
      Location:219 → 526
      PTZ00121; MAEBL; Provisional
      PHA03247
      Location:623 → 1060
      PHA03247; large tegument protein UL36; Provisional
      PRK10811
      Location:934 → 1217
      rne; ribonuclease E; Reviewed
      pfam15262
      Location:45 → 172
      DUF4592; Domain of unknown function (DUF4592)

    3. NM_001393383.1 → NP_001380312.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC022267, AC068620, AC092627
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7ZMH1
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      PTZ00121
      Location:161 → 468
      PTZ00121; MAEBL; Provisional
      PHA03247
      Location:565 → 1002
      PHA03247; large tegument protein UL36; Provisional
      PRK10811
      Location:876 → 1159
      rne; ribonuclease E; Reviewed
      pfam15262
      Location:3 → 114
      DUF4592; Domain of unknown function (DUF4592)

    4. NM_001393384.1 → NP_001380313.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC022267, AC068620, AC092627
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7ZMH1
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      PTZ00121
      Location:161 → 468
      PTZ00121; MAEBL; Provisional
      PHA03247
      Location:565 → 1002
      PHA03247; large tegument protein UL36; Provisional
      PRK10811
      Location:876 → 1159
      rne; ribonuclease E; Reviewed
      pfam15262
      Location:3 → 114
      DUF4592; Domain of unknown function (DUF4592)

    5. NM_001393385.1 → NP_001380314.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC022267, AC068620
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7ZMH1
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      PTZ00121
      Location:161 → 468
      PTZ00121; MAEBL; Provisional
      PHA03247
      Location:565 → 1002
      PHA03247; large tegument protein UL36; Provisional
      PRK10811
      Location:876 → 1159
      rne; ribonuclease E; Reviewed
      pfam15262
      Location:3 → 114
      DUF4592; Domain of unknown function (DUF4592)

    6. NM_020722.2 → NP_065773.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_065773.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC022267, AC068620
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43230.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q6ZU35, Q9NTE2, Q9NTP8, Q9ULK9
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7ZMH1
      Related
      ENSP00000264229.6, ENST00000264229.11
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      PTZ00121
      Location:219 → 526
      PTZ00121; MAEBL; Provisional
      PHA03247
      Location:623 → 1060
      PHA03247; large tegument protein UL36; Provisional
      PRK10811
      Location:934 → 1217
      rne; ribonuclease E; Reviewed
      pfam15262
      Location:45 → 172
      DUF4592; Domain of unknown function (DUF4592)

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000004.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      56049098..56330609
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047415994.1 → XP_047271950.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2R8Y6P1

    2. XM_047415995.1 → XP_047271951.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2R8Y6P1
      Related
      ENSP00000495373.2, ENST00000646253.2

    3. XM_005265752.3 → XP_005265809.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform X2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005265809.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q6ZU35, Q9NTE2, Q9NTP8, Q9ULK9
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7ZMH1
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      PTZ00121
      Location:219 → 526
      PTZ00121; MAEBL; Provisional
      PHA03247
      Location:623 → 1060
      PHA03247; large tegument protein UL36; Provisional
      PRK10811
      Location:934 → 1217
      rne; ribonuclease E; Reviewed
      pfam15262
      Location:45 → 172
      DUF4592; Domain of unknown function (DUF4592)

    4. XM_017008473.2 → XP_016863962.2  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F5H1N7
      Related
      ENSP00000444006.1, ENST00000541073.5

    5. XM_005265756.3 → XP_005265813.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform X5

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7ZMH1
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      PTZ00121
      Location:129 → 436
      PTZ00121; MAEBL; Provisional
      PHA03247
      Location:533 → 970
      PHA03247; large tegument protein UL36; Provisional
      PRK10811
      Location:844 → 1127
      rne; ribonuclease E; Reviewed
      pfam15262
      Location:2 → 82
      DUF4592; Domain of unknown function (DUF4592)

    6. XM_005265755.3 → XP_005265812.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform X4

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7ZMH1
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      PTZ00121
      Location:137 → 444
      PTZ00121; MAEBL; Provisional
      PHA03247
      Location:541 → 978
      PHA03247; large tegument protein UL36; Provisional
      PRK10811
      Location:852 → 1135
      rne; ribonuclease E; Reviewed
      pfam15262
      Location:13 → 90
      DUF4592; Domain of unknown function (DUF4592)

    7. XM_006714045.3 → XP_006714108.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform X6

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7ZMH1
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      PTZ00121
      Location:105 → 412
      PTZ00121; MAEBL; Provisional
      PHA03247
      Location:509 → 946
      PHA03247; large tegument protein UL36; Provisional
      PRK10811
      Location:820 → 1103
      rne; ribonuclease E; Reviewed
      pfam15262
      Location:5 → 58
      DUF4592; Domain of unknown function (DUF4592)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060928.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      59537287..59818577
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054350561.1 → XP_054206536.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform X1

    2. XM_054350560.1 → XP_054206535.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform X1

    3. XM_054350562.1 → XP_054206537.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform X2

    4. XM_054350563.1 → XP_054206538.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform X3

    5. XM_054350565.1 → XP_054206540.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform X5

    6. XM_054350564.1 → XP_054206539.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform X4

    7. XM_054350566.1 → XP_054206541.1  capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics isoform X6

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q6ZU35.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q6ZU35

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