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Series GSE110894 Query DataSets for GSE110894
Status Public on May 21, 2019
Title Targeting enhancer switching overcomes non-genetic drug resistance in acute myeloid leukaemia [single cell RNA-seq]
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment type Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing
Summary The prevailing model of therapeutic resistance in cancer posits that malignant cells acquire genetic mutations in the context of therapeutic pressure that negate the efficacy of the drug. This mutation centric view of therapeutic resistance has recently been challenged by emerging evidence that shows a paucity of genetic diversity in malignant cells that evade therapeutic challenge emphasizing the role of epigenetic evolution in drug resistance. We have previously established that therapeutic resistance emerges in the absence of genetic adaptation from leukemia stem cells and whilst the clinical relevance of these findings has been established, what remains unanswered is whether transcriptional programs that confer resistance to therapies are pre-existing or acquired. It is also unclear how stable this adaptive transcriptional response is and whether it can be reversed. Here, we utilize a unique leukaemia model to highlight the key principles of epigenetic resistance. Using single cell RNA-seq with indexed flow sorting, we demonstrate that a form of Lamarckian evolution, namely transcriptional plasticity, drives epigenetic resistance. With a CRISPR-Cas9 screen we identify reciprocal regulators of the enhancer modification H3K4me1/2, LSD1 and MLL4, as important modulators of the resistant cell state. Knockdown or catalytic inhibition of LSD1 causes reversion to a drug sensitive state that is dependent on the lineage determining pioneer transcription factor Pu.1. Mechanistically, we establish that inhibition of LSD1 results in newly formed enhancers marked by H3K4me1/2, H3K27ac and Pu.1 binding, which facilitates the recruitment of transcriptional co-activators and activation of a differentiation gene expression program. We show that this enhancer-remodeling does not result in a simple linear reversion to the original chromatin state of drug naive cells, rather it reinstates the cells dependence on transcriptional co-activators including Med1 and Brd4 due to the formation of new enhancers with enhancer-promoter loops to canonical Brd4 target genes. Together these findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms that facilitate epigenetic resistance to cancer therapies and highlight new opportunities for therapeutic intervention to overcome transcriptional plasticity.
 
Overall design Single-cell RNA-seq of BET inhibitor resistant and sensitive leukaemic cells, and resistant cells treated with BET inhibitor. The file SingleCellInfo.xlsx contains cell barcode and BET inhibitor resistance status.
 
Contributor(s) Dawson MA, Bell CC, Lam EY
Citation(s) 31222014
Submission date Feb 20, 2018
Last update date Aug 20, 2019
Contact name Mark Dawson
E-mail(s) mark.dawson@petermac.org
Organization name Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre
Street address 305 Grattan Street
City Melbourne
State/province VIC
ZIP/Postal code 3000
Country Australia
 
Platforms (1)
GPL19057 Illumina NextSeq 500 (Mus musculus)
Samples (1)
GSM3018455 Pooled single cell RNA-Seq
This SubSeries is part of SuperSeries:
GSE110901 Targeting enhancer switching overcomes non-genetic drug resistance in acute myeloid leukaemia
Relations
BioProject PRJNA434781
SRA SRP133261

Download family Format
SOFT formatted family file(s) SOFTHelp
MINiML formatted family file(s) MINiMLHelp
Series Matrix File(s) TXTHelp

Supplementary file Size Download File type/resource
GSE110894_SingleCellInfo.xlsx 77.2 Kb (ftp)(http) XLSX
GSE110894_gene_count.csv.gz 7.2 Mb (ftp)(http) CSV
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Raw data are available in SRA
Processed data are available on Series record

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