Cytogenetics abnormalities (CA) are known to be the preponderant prognostic factor in multiple myeloma (MM). Our team has recently developeda prognostic score based on 6 CA, where del(1p32) appears to be the second worst abnormality after del(17p). The aim of this study was to confirm the adverse impact of 1p32 deletion on newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. Among 2551 NDMM patients, 11% were harboring del(1p32). Their overall survival (OS) was half as long as the OS of patients without del(1p32) (49 months vs. 124 months). Likewise, progression-free survival was significantly shorter. More importantly, double-deletion of the 1p32 locus conferred a dramatically poorer prognosis than a monoallelic del(1p32) (OS: 25 months vs. 60 months). As expected, the OS of del(1p32) patients significantly decreased when this abnormality was associated with other high-risk CA (del(17p), t(4;14) or gain(1q)). In the multivariate analysis, del(1p32) appeared as a negative prognostic factor; after adjustment for age and treatment, the risk of progression was 1.3 times higher among patients harboring del(1p32), and the risk of death was 1.9 times higher. At the dawn of risk-adapted treatment strategies, we have confirmed the adverse impact of del(1p32) in MM and the relevance of its assessment at diagnosis.
Overall design
Clinical data were obtained from 2551 NDMM patients recruited within hospitals involved in the Intergroupe Francophone du Myélome, followed up for ≥ 36 months or having died or progressed within 36 months post-treatment. The diagnosis was established between 2010 and 2021, and 1258 patients were treated with intensive therapy. PCs were analyzed either by FISH (848 patients), SNP array (1395 patients) or by NGS (308 patients), depending on the date of receipt. We compared survival and characteristics of patients according to del(1p32) status (282 patients harboring del(1p32) versus 2,269 control patients.
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