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| Status |
Public on Dec 01, 2012 |
| Title |
Gametogenesis in an alternative hermaphrodite mollusk, the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas: a microarray-based analysis identifies stage- and sex-specific genes |
| Organism |
Magallana gigas |
| Experiment type |
Expression profiling by array
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| Summary |
Background
The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Mollusca, Lophotrochozoa) is an alternative and irregular protandrous hermaphrodite. Little is known about the genetic and phenotypic bases of sex determinism in oysters, and little more about the molecular pathways regulating reproduction. We have recently developed and validated a microarray containing 31,918 oligomers (Dheilly et al., 2011) representing the oyster transcriptome. The application of this microarray to the study of mollusks gametogenesis should provide a better understanding of the key factors involved in sex differentiation and the regulation of oyster reproduction.
Results
Expression of the 31,918 ESTs was studied in gonads of oysters cultured along the French Atlantic coasts over a yearly reproductive cycle. Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering first showed a significant divergence in gene expression patterns of males and females beginning when gonial mitosis started. Early expressed male-specific genes included bindin and female-specific genes included foxL2, a pancreatic lipase related protein, cd63 and vitellogenin. ANOVA analysis of the data further revealed 2482 genes differentially expressed during the course of males and/or females gametogenesis. The expression of 434 genes could be localized in either germ cells or somatic cells of the gonad by comparing the transcriptome of gonads to the transcriptomes of striped oocytes and somatic tissues. Analysis of the annotated genes revealed conserved molecular mechanisms between mollusks and mammals. Genes involved in chromatin condensation, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and meiosis regulation, transcription, translation and apoptosis were expressed in both male and female gonads. Additional lists of genes more specifically involved in either spermatogenesis (meiotic phase, in spermatozoids and mature sperm formation and in flagella structure and movement) or oogenesis (female sex differentiation, transcriptional regulation, cell cycle regulation and oocytes maturation) were also generated.
Conclusions
Our study provides novel insight into spermatogenesis and oogenesis in an alternative hermaphrodite bivalve, the Pacific oyster C. gigas. We identified genes opening new perspectives for functional studies of the signaling pathways implicated in gonad differentiation and development.
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| Overall design |
Individual gonad oysters were sampled in 3 sites: site 1 = Locmariaquer (Brittany, France), site 2 = Baie des Veys (Normandy, France), and site 3 = Argenton (Brittany, France). 8 undifferentiated stage 0 gonads from site 1 were processed. 4 individuals from site 1 were processed for each gonad developmental stage and sex: stage 1 male, stage 1 female, stage 2 male, stage 2 female, stage 3 male, and stage 3 female. Pools of stage 3 females were prepared with individuals from site 1 and site 2 for biological validation of the results. Striped gonads from stage 3 females were prepared for prediction of gene expression localization.
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| Contributor(s) |
Dheilly NM, Lelong C, Huvet A, Boudry P, Favrel P, Riviere G, Kellner K, Dubos MP |
| Citation(s) |
25375782 |
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| Submission date |
Mar 14, 2011 |
| Last update date |
Jul 02, 2015 |
| Contact name |
Nolwenn Marie Dheilly |
| E-mail(s) |
ndheilly@hotmail.fr
|
| Phone |
0625253514
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| Organization name |
Universite de caen
|
| Department |
Biological sciences
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| Lab |
PE2M
|
| Street address |
Esplanade de la Paix
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| City |
Caen |
| ZIP/Postal code |
14000 |
| Country |
France |
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| Platforms (1) |
| GPL11353 |
Oyster Crassostrea gigas microarray v1 |
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| Samples (45)
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| GSM847345 |
Pool a of gonads stage 3 females from Baie des Veys |
| GSM847346 |
Pool b of gonads stage 3 females from Baie des Veys |
| GSM847347 |
Pool c of gonads stage 3 females from Baie des Veys |
| GSM847348 |
Pool a of gonads stage 3 females from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847349 |
Pool b of gonads stage 3 females from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847350 |
Pool d of gonads stage 3 females from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847351 |
Gonad of individual A1, stage 0, sex undetermined, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847352 |
Gonad of individual A3, stage 0, sex undetermined, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847353 |
Gonad of individual A5, stage 0, sex undetermined, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847354 |
Gonad of individual A11, stage 0, sex undetermined, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847355 |
Gonad of individual A12, stage 0, sex undetermined, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847356 |
Gonad of individual A17, stage 0, sex undetermined, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847357 |
Gonad of individual B14, stage 0, sex undetermined, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847358 |
Gonad of individual B16, stage 0, sex undetermined, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847359 |
Gonad of individual C23, stage 1, female, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847360 |
Gonad of individual C32, stage 1, female, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847361 |
Gonad of individual C35, stage 1, female, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847362 |
Gonad of individual C36, stage 1, female, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847363 |
Gonad of individual C1, stage 1, male, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847364 |
Gonad of individual C7, stage 1, male, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847365 |
Gonad of individual C19, stage 1, male, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847366 |
Gonad of individual C22, stage 1, male, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847367 |
Gonad of individual E2, stage 2, female, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847368 |
Gonad of individual E28, stage 2, female, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847369 |
Gonad of individual E44, stage 2, female, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847370 |
Gonad of individual E54, stage 2, female, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847371 |
Gonad of individual D7, stage 2, male, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847372 |
Gonad of individual D14, stage 2, male, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847373 |
Gonad of individual D21, stage 2, male, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847374 |
Gonad of individual D34, stage 2, male, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847375 |
Gonad of individual F9, stage 3, female, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847376 |
Gonad of individual F14, stage 3, female, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847377 |
Gonad of individual F15, stage 3, female, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847378 |
Gonad of individual F32, stage 3, female, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847379 |
Gonad of individual E31, stage 3, male, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847380 |
Gonad of individual E47, stage 3, male, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847381 |
Gonad of individual F4, stage 3, male, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847382 |
Gonad of individual F23, stage 3, male, from Locmariaquer |
| GSM847383 |
Striped oocytes of individual F15, stage 3, female, from Argenton |
| GSM847384 |
Striped oocytes of individual F18, stage 3, female, from Argenton |
| GSM847385 |
Striped oocytes of individual F21, stage 3, female, from Argenton |
| GSM847386 |
Striped oocytes of individual F28, stage 3, female, from Argenton |
| GSM847387 |
Striped oocytes of individual F29, stage 3, female, from Argenton |
| GSM847388 |
Striped oocytes of individual F3, stage 3, female, from Argenton |
| GSM847389 |
Striped oocytes of individual F26, stage 3, female, from Argenton |
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| Relations |
| BioProject |
PRJNA137739 |
| Supplementary file |
Size |
Download |
File type/resource |
| GSE27955_RAW.tar |
201.0 Mb |
(http)(custom) |
TAR (of TXT) |
| Processed data included within Sample table |
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