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Developmental delay, impaired growth, dysmorphic facies, and axonal neuropathy

Summary

Developmental delay, impaired growth, dysmorphic facies, and axonal neuropathy (DIGFAN) is a complex neurologic disorder characterized by impaired motor and intellectual development, hypotonia, poor overall growth, usually with short stature and microcephaly, and subtly dysmorphic facial features. Affected individuals have distal muscle weakness and muscle atrophy resulting in delayed acquisition of motor skills and persistent gait abnormalities. Although many patients have clinical and/or electrophysiologic features consistent with an axonal sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy, such as hyporeflexia, impaired sensation, foot drop, and pes cavus, the signs and severity are highly variable. Additional features may include hearing loss, pigmentary retinopathy, and abnormalities on brain imaging, including cerebral or cerebellar atrophy, hypomyelination, and lesions in the basal ganglia or brainstem. In some instances, the same mutation may result in different phenotypic manifestations (CMT2Z or DIGFAN syndrome), which highlights the expanding clinical spectrum associated with MORC2 mutations and may render classification of patients into one or the other disorder challenging (summary by Guillen Sacoto et al., 2020). [from OMIM]

Available tests

3 tests are in the database for this condition.

Clinical tests (3 available)

Molecular Genetics Tests

Genes See tests for all associated and related genes

  • Also known as: CMT2Z, DIGFAN, ZCW3, ZCWCC1, MORC2
    Summary: MORC family CW-type zinc finger 2

Clinical features

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Imported from Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO)

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