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Popliteal cyst

MedGen UID:
10853
•Concept ID:
C0032650
•
Anatomical Abnormality
Synonym: BAKER CYST
SNOMED CT: Popliteal cyst (1290249005); Baker's cyst of knee (1290249005); Synovial popliteal cyst (1290249005)
 
HPO: HP:0032072
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0008288
OMIM®: 175750

Definition

A fluid-filled mass that is a distention of a preexisting bursa in the popliteal fossa, most commonly the gastrocnemio-semimembranosus bursa. This bursa is unique in that it communicates with the knee joint, unlike other periarticular bursae, via an opening in the joint capsule posterior to the medial femoral condyle. [from HPO]

Clinical features

From HPO
Abnormality of the knee
MedGen UID:
871199
•Concept ID:
C4025676
•
Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormality of the knee joint or surrounding structures.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Joint swelling
MedGen UID:
56258
•Concept ID:
C0152031
•
Finding
The presence of swelling in a joint.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
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Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVPopliteal cyst

Conditions with this feature

Deficiency of hyaluronoglucosaminidase
MedGen UID:
226942
•Concept ID:
C1291490
•
Disease or Syndrome
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IX (MPS9) is a rare progressive lysosomal storage disorder caused by the deficiency of the enzyme hyaluronoglucosaminidase-1, which degrades hyaluronan (summary by Imundo et al., 2011).
See: Condition Record
Deficiency of hyaluronoglucosaminidase

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Clinical outcome of arthroscopic management of popliteal cysts with or without additional posterior open cystectomy.
Xinxian X, Yuezheng H, Jian L, Huachen Y
Orthopade 2018 Jun;47(6):530-535. doi: 10.1007/s00132-018-3573-0. PMID: 29691604
Surgical treatment of popliteal cyst: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Zhou XN, Li B, Wang JS, Bai LH
J Orthop Surg Res 2016 Feb 15;11:22. doi: 10.1186/s13018-016-0356-3. PMID: 26879283Free PMC Article
Arthroscopic treatment of popliteal cysts: clinical and magnetic resonance imaging results.
Ahn JH, Lee SH, Yoo JC, Chang MJ, Park YS
Arthroscopy 2010 Oct;26(10):1340-7. Epub 2010 Sep 24 doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2010.02.012. PMID: 20869836

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Association between knee inflammation and knee pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review.
Dainese P, Wyngaert KV, De Mits S, Wittoek R, Van Ginckel A, Calders P
Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022 Apr;30(4):516-534. Epub 2021 Dec 27 doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.12.003. PMID: 34968719
Baker's Cyst with Knee Osteoarthritis: Clinical and Therapeutic Implications.
Abate M, Di Carlo L, Di Iorio A, Salini V
Med Princ Pract 2021;30(6):585-591. Epub 2021 Aug 2 doi: 10.1159/000518792. PMID: 34348320Free PMC Article
Result of arthroscopic treatment of pigmented villonodular synovitis of the knee.
De Ponti A, Sansone V, Malcherè M
Arthroscopy 2003 Jul-Aug;19(6):602-7. doi: 10.1016/s0749-8063(03)00127-0. PMID: 12861198
Magnetic resonance imaging of knee injuries in children.
King SJ
Eur Radiol 1997;7(8):1245-51. doi: 10.1007/s003300050284. PMID: 9377510
Popliteal cysts and associated disorders of the knee. Critical review with MR imaging.
Sansone V, de Ponti A, Paluello GM, del Maschio A
Int Orthop 1995;19(5):275-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00181107. PMID: 8567131

Diagnosis

A diagnostic approach to popliteal fossa masses.
Shah A, James SL, Davies AM, Botchu R
Clin Radiol 2017 Apr;72(4):323-337. Epub 2016 Dec 20 doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2016.11.010. PMID: 28007292
Ultrasound-Guided Knee Procedures.
Lueders DR, Smith J, Sellon JL
Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2016 Aug;27(3):631-48. doi: 10.1016/j.pmr.2016.04.010. PMID: 27468670
Unilateral calf swelling.
Ching S, Ting SM, Li KM
Eur J Intern Med 2015 Dec;26(10):e61-2. Epub 2015 Jul 18 doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2015.07.009. PMID: 26194459
A Baker's dozen.
Sheikh K, Siau K
BMJ Case Rep 2015 Feb 27;2015 doi: 10.1136/bcr-2015-209756. PMID: 25725034Free PMC Article
Popliteal cysts: a current review.
Herman AM, Marzo JM
Orthopedics 2014 Aug;37(8):e678-84. doi: 10.3928/01477447-20140728-52. PMID: 25102502

Therapy

Detection of Ruptured Baker's Cysts by 99m-Tc-MDP Bone Scan: A Review Study.
Golan H, Fridburg E, Volkov O
Isr Med Assoc J 2021 Nov;23(11):740-744. PMID: 34811992
Baker's Cyst with Knee Osteoarthritis: Clinical and Therapeutic Implications.
Abate M, Di Carlo L, Di Iorio A, Salini V
Med Princ Pract 2021;30(6):585-591. Epub 2021 Aug 2 doi: 10.1159/000518792. PMID: 34348320Free PMC Article
Ultrasound-Guided Knee Procedures.
Lueders DR, Smith J, Sellon JL
Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2016 Aug;27(3):631-48. doi: 10.1016/j.pmr.2016.04.010. PMID: 27468670
Mycobacterium malmoense infection of the knee.
Callaghan R, Allen M
Ann Rheum Dis 2003 Nov;62(11):1047-8. doi: 10.1136/ard.62.11.1047. PMID: 14583565Free PMC Article
Popliteal cysts and associated disorders of the knee. Critical review with MR imaging.
Sansone V, de Ponti A, Paluello GM, del Maschio A
Int Orthop 1995;19(5):275-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00181107. PMID: 8567131

Prognosis

Extra-articular endoscopic excision of symptomatic popliteal cyst with failed initial conservative treatment: A novel technique.
Chen Y, Lee PY, Ku MC, Wu NY, Lo CS
Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2019 Feb;105(1):125-128. Epub 2019 Jan 9 doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2018.09.022. PMID: 30639028
Bilateral Baker's cysts.
Nicholls T
Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003 Sep;22(9):837, 851-2. doi: 10.1097/01.inf.0000083850.54807.e9. PMID: 14515831
Result of arthroscopic treatment of pigmented villonodular synovitis of the knee.
De Ponti A, Sansone V, Malcherè M
Arthroscopy 2003 Jul-Aug;19(6):602-7. doi: 10.1016/s0749-8063(03)00127-0. PMID: 12861198
Popliteal cysts and associated disorders of the knee. Critical review with MR imaging.
Sansone V, de Ponti A, Paluello GM, del Maschio A
Int Orthop 1995;19(5):275-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00181107. PMID: 8567131
Popliteal cyst: a surgical approach.
Hughston JC, Baker CL, Mello W
Orthopedics 1991 Feb;14(2):147-50. doi: 10.3928/0147-7447-19910201-09. PMID: 2008382

Clinical prediction guides

Baker's Cyst with Knee Osteoarthritis: Clinical and Therapeutic Implications.
Abate M, Di Carlo L, Di Iorio A, Salini V
Med Princ Pract 2021;30(6):585-591. Epub 2021 Aug 2 doi: 10.1159/000518792. PMID: 34348320Free PMC Article
Arthroscopic internal drainage and cystectomy of popliteal cyst in knee osteoarthritis.
Jiang J, Ni L
J Orthop Surg Res 2017 Nov 23;12(1):182. doi: 10.1186/s13018-017-0670-4. PMID: 29169352Free PMC Article
Surgical treatment of popliteal cyst: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Zhou XN, Li B, Wang JS, Bai LH
J Orthop Surg Res 2016 Feb 15;11:22. doi: 10.1186/s13018-016-0356-3. PMID: 26879283Free PMC Article
Meniscal disorders: normal, discoid, and cysts.
Kocher MS, Klingele K, Rassman SO
Orthop Clin North Am 2003 Jul;34(3):329-40. doi: 10.1016/s0030-5898(03)00008-7. PMID: 12974483
Evaluation of a method for clinically assessing osteoarthritis of the knee.
Jones A, Hopkinson N, Pattrick M, Berman P, Doherty M
Ann Rheum Dis 1992 Feb;51(2):243-5. doi: 10.1136/ard.51.2.243. PMID: 1550411Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing cyst wall preservation against cyst wall resection during arthroscopic popliteal cyst decompression.
Thamrongskulsiri N, Limskul D, Tanpowpong T, Kuptniratsaikul S, Itthipanichpong T
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2024 Jun;144(6):2691-2701. Epub 2024 May 3 doi: 10.1007/s00402-024-05358-7. PMID: 38700675
Association between knee inflammation and knee pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review.
Dainese P, Wyngaert KV, De Mits S, Wittoek R, Van Ginckel A, Calders P
Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022 Apr;30(4):516-534. Epub 2021 Dec 27 doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.12.003. PMID: 34968719
Comparison of clinical outcomes associated with arthroscopic cyst wall preservation or resection in the treatment of popliteal cyst: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Li H, Zhang M, Li Y, Wang H
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2021 Oct;141(10):1741-1752. Epub 2021 Feb 23 doi: 10.1007/s00402-021-03812-4. PMID: 33620529
Popliteal Cysts: A Systematic Review of Nonoperative and Operative Treatment.
Van Nest DS, Tjoumakaris FP, Smith BJ, Beatty TM, Freedman KB
JBJS Rev 2020 Mar;8(3):e0139. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.RVW.19.00139. PMID: 32149934
Surgical treatment of popliteal cyst: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Zhou XN, Li B, Wang JS, Bai LH
J Orthop Surg Res 2016 Feb 15;11:22. doi: 10.1186/s13018-016-0356-3. PMID: 26879283Free PMC Article

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