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Vertical incomitant strabismus

MedGen UID:
1642654
•Concept ID:
C4703379
•
Disease or Syndrome
HPO: HP:0020043

Definition

A type of incomitant strabismus in which the angle of deviation varies as the patient's gaze shifts upwards and/or downwards. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVVertical incomitant strabismus

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Temporal Slant Recession of the Inferior Rectus Muscle: A Simple Surgical Treatment for Diplopia Caused by Small Vertical Deviations.
Brodsky MC
J Neuroophthalmol 2023 Sep 1;43(3):406-409. Epub 2022 Aug 2 doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000001677. PMID: 35947106
Differential Diagnosis of Acquired Esotropia in the Elderly.
Roggenkämper B, Neugebauer A, Fricke J, Hedergott AM
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2020 Sep;237(9):1107-1116. Epub 2020 Aug 20 doi: 10.1055/a-1186-2029. PMID: 32818999
Diagnosis and surgical management of strabismus associated with thyroid-related orbitopathy.
Flanders M, Hastings M
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1997 Nov-Dec;34(6):333-40. doi: 10.3928/0191-3913-19971101-04. PMID: 9430059

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Strabismus Surgery in Orthophoric Patients With Symptomatic, Asymmetric Vertical or Horizontal Incomitance.
Phanphruk W, Hennein L, Hunter DG
Am J Ophthalmol 2023 May;249:29-38. Epub 2022 Dec 27 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2022.12.019. PMID: 36581192
Recession-Resection of the Vertical Rectus Muscles for Chin-up Vertical Abnormal Head Position Associated With Infantile Nystagmus Syndrome.
Law JJ, Zheng Y, Donahue SP
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2022 Nov-Dec;59(6):410-415. Epub 2022 Apr 21 doi: 10.3928/01913913-20220216-02. PMID: 35446190
Outcomes of the Harada-Ito Procedure.
Murray C, Marsh I, Newsham D
J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil 2021 Jul-Sep;71(3):97-103. Epub 2021 May 12 doi: 10.1080/2576117X.2021.1915728. PMID: 33979270
Differential Diagnosis of Acquired Esotropia in the Elderly.
Roggenkämper B, Neugebauer A, Fricke J, Hedergott AM
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2020 Sep;237(9):1107-1116. Epub 2020 Aug 20 doi: 10.1055/a-1186-2029. PMID: 32818999
Differentiating Acute and Subacute Vertical Strabismus Using Different Head Positions During the Upright-Supine Test.
Lemos J, Subei A, Sousa M, Nunes C, Cunha L, Glisson C, Eggenberger E
JAMA Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 1;136(4):322-328. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.6796. PMID: 29450486Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Strabismus Surgery in Orthophoric Patients With Symptomatic, Asymmetric Vertical or Horizontal Incomitance.
Phanphruk W, Hennein L, Hunter DG
Am J Ophthalmol 2023 May;249:29-38. Epub 2022 Dec 27 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2022.12.019. PMID: 36581192
A slippery slope.
Gross AW, Vickers A, Lee AG, Chen JJ, Bhatti MT
Surv Ophthalmol 2019 Nov-Dec;64(6):884-890. Epub 2018 Oct 30 doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2018.10.006. PMID: 30385270
Differentiating Acute and Subacute Vertical Strabismus Using Different Head Positions During the Upright-Supine Test.
Lemos J, Subei A, Sousa M, Nunes C, Cunha L, Glisson C, Eggenberger E
JAMA Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 1;136(4):322-328. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.6796. PMID: 29450486Free PMC Article
Associated incomitance in concomitant strabismus. Diagnosis and surgical treatment.
Roth A, Bumbacher M, Rossillion B
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2015 Apr;232(4):459-66. Epub 2015 Apr 22 doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1545785. PMID: 25902098
Comitant strabismus.
de Faber JT, Kingma-Wilschut C, Grootendorst R
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 1999 Oct;10(5):305-9. doi: 10.1097/00055735-199910000-00004. PMID: 10621542

Therapy

Surgical management of strabismus following choroidal melanoma plaque brachytherapy.
Alfreihi SH, Pineles SL, McCannel TA, Prada AM, Velez FG
J AAPOS 2017 Aug;21(4):286-290.e2. Epub 2017 Jul 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2017.05.030. PMID: 28728906
Acquired strabismus following cosmetic blepharoplasty.
Syniuta LA, Goldberg RA, Thacker NM, Rosenbaum AL
Plast Reconstr Surg 2003 May;111(6):2053-9. doi: 10.1097/01.PRS.0000056840.61348.35. PMID: 12711971
Superior rectus muscle overaction after cataract extraction.
Grimmett MR, Lambert SR
Am J Ophthalmol 1992 Jul 15;114(1):72-80. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)77415-x. PMID: 1621788

Prognosis

Acquired comitant esotropias - comparison of surgical outcomes of accommodative vs non-accommodative types.
Sharma R, Tibrewal S, Majumdar A, Rath S, Ganesh S
Strabismus 2023 Dec;31(4):293-305. Epub 2023 Dec 12 doi: 10.1080/09273972.2023.2281979. PMID: 38086747
The Clinical and Imaging Profile of Skew Deviation: A Study of 157 Cases.
Walter E, Trobe JD
J Neuroophthalmol 2021 Mar 1;41(1):69-76. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000915. PMID: 32235234
Differentiating Acute and Subacute Vertical Strabismus Using Different Head Positions During the Upright-Supine Test.
Lemos J, Subei A, Sousa M, Nunes C, Cunha L, Glisson C, Eggenberger E
JAMA Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 1;136(4):322-328. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.6796. PMID: 29450486Free PMC Article
Cross-coupled eye movement supports neural origin of pattern strabismus.
Ghasia FF, Shaikh AG, Jacobs J, Walker MF
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2015 May;56(5):2855-66. doi: 10.1167/iovs.15-16371. PMID: 26024072Free PMC Article
Prisms are effective in resolving diplopia from incomitant, large, and combined strabismus.
Tamhankar MA, Ying GS, Volpe NJ
Eur J Ophthalmol 2012 Nov-Dec;22(6):890-7. Epub 2012 Mar 29 doi: 10.5301/ejo.5000144. PMID: 22467592

Clinical prediction guides

Divergence excess and basic exotropia types of intermittent exotropia: a major review. Part 1: prevalence, classification, risk factors, natural history and clinical characteristics.
Ma MM, Scheiman M
Strabismus 2023 Jun;31(2):97-128. Epub 2023 Jul 25 doi: 10.1080/09273972.2023.2227681. PMID: 37489263
Extraocular muscle enlargement of indeterminate cause in pediatric patients: case series and literature review.
Gim Y, Jung JH
J AAPOS 2023 Aug;27(4):205.e1-205.e6. Epub 2023 Jul 8 doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2023.06.001. PMID: 37429539
Strabismus Surgery in Orthophoric Patients With Symptomatic, Asymmetric Vertical or Horizontal Incomitance.
Phanphruk W, Hennein L, Hunter DG
Am J Ophthalmol 2023 May;249:29-38. Epub 2022 Dec 27 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2022.12.019. PMID: 36581192
The Clinical and Imaging Profile of Skew Deviation: A Study of 157 Cases.
Walter E, Trobe JD
J Neuroophthalmol 2021 Mar 1;41(1):69-76. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000915. PMID: 32235234
Prisms are effective in resolving diplopia from incomitant, large, and combined strabismus.
Tamhankar MA, Ying GS, Volpe NJ
Eur J Ophthalmol 2012 Nov-Dec;22(6):890-7. Epub 2012 Mar 29 doi: 10.5301/ejo.5000144. PMID: 22467592

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