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Systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve

MedGen UID:
1664719
Concept ID:
C4049276
Finding
Synonym: Systolic anterior motion of mitral valve
 
HPO: HP:0031656

Definition

Systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve (SAM) is a paradoxical motion of the anterior, and occasionally posterior, mitral valve leaflet towards the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) during systole. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVSystolic anterior motion of the mitral valve

Conditions with this feature

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 10
MedGen UID:
331754
Concept ID:
C1834460
Disease or Syndrome
Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYL2 gene.
Cardiomyopathy, familial hypertrophic, 28
MedGen UID:
1779612
Concept ID:
C5543616
Disease or Syndrome
Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-28 (CMH28) is characterized by asymmetric septal hypertrophy, atrial fibrillation and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, and risk of sudden death. Dyspnea is the most common symptom, but more than half of affected individuals are asymptomatic. Hypertrabeculation of the left ventricle with noncompaction has been observed in some patients (Ochoa et al., 2018). For a general phenotypic description and discussion of genetic heterogeneity of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, see CMH1 (192600).
Cardiomyopathy, familial hypertrophic, 29, with polyglucosan bodies
MedGen UID:
1824081
Concept ID:
C5774308
Disease or Syndrome
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-29 (CMH29) is characterized by recurrent syncope, dyspnea on exertion, and palpitations. The clinical phenotype is associated with a poor prognosis due to lethal arrhythmias and cardiac failure. Cardiac muscle biopsies show intermyofibrillar accumulation of glycogen and polyglucosan bodies within cardiomyocytes, and skeletal muscle accumulation of glycogen has also been observed (Hedberg-Oldfors et al., 2019). For a general phenotypic description and discussion of genetic heterogeneity of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, see CMH1 (192600).

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Bughrara N, Diaz-Gomez JL, Pustavoitau A
Anesthesiol Clin 2020 Mar;38(1):123-134. doi: 10.1016/j.anclin.2019.11.001. PMID: 32008647
Ibrahim M, Rao C, Ashrafian H, Chaudhry U, Darzi A, Athanasiou T
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2012 Jun;41(6):1260-70. Epub 2012 Jan 18 doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezr232. PMID: 22290892
de Gregorio C
Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2007 Sep;7(3):174-87. doi: 10.2174/187152907781745224. PMID: 17896958

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Friend EJ, Wiener PC, Murthy KS, Peterson E, Al-Sudani H, Pressman GS
J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2023 Apr;36(4):421-427. Epub 2022 Dec 16 doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2022.12.011. PMID: 36529336
Sakellaropoulos S, Svab S, Mohammed M, Dimitra L, Mitsis A
Curr Probl Cardiol 2021 Mar;46(3):100641. Epub 2020 Jun 4 doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2020.100641. PMID: 32586596
Watanabe N
Heart 2019 May;105(9):671-677. Epub 2019 Mar 1 doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2018-313373. PMID: 30824479
Ibrahim M, Rao C, Ashrafian H, Chaudhry U, Darzi A, Athanasiou T
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2012 Jun;41(6):1260-70. Epub 2012 Jan 18 doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezr232. PMID: 22290892
Maron BJ, Gardin JM, Flack JM, Gidding SS, Kurosaki TT, Bild DE
Circulation 1995 Aug 15;92(4):785-9. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.92.4.785. PMID: 7641357

Diagnosis

Heydari B, Satriano A, Jerosch-Herold M, Kolm P, Kim DY, Cheng K, Choi YL, Antiochos P, White JA, Mahmod M, Chan K, Raman B, Desai MY, Ho CY, Dolman SF, Desvigne-Nickens P, Maron MS, Friedrich MG, Schulz-Menger J, Piechnik SK, Appelbaum E, Weintraub WS, Neubauer S, Kramer CM, Kwong RY; HCMR Investigators
JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2023 Apr;16(4):478-491. Epub 2022 Dec 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.10.005. PMID: 36648040Free PMC Article
Sakellaropoulos S, Svab S, Mohammed M, Dimitra L, Mitsis A
Curr Probl Cardiol 2021 Mar;46(3):100641. Epub 2020 Jun 4 doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2020.100641. PMID: 32586596
Watanabe N
Heart 2019 May;105(9):671-677. Epub 2019 Mar 1 doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2018-313373. PMID: 30824479
Prada G, Vieillard-Baron A, Martin AK, Hernandez A, Mookadam F, Ramakrishna H, Diaz-Gomez JL
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019 Jun;33(6):1559-1583. Epub 2018 Jun 30 doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2018.06.019. PMID: 30077562
Ibrahim M, Rao C, Ashrafian H, Chaudhry U, Darzi A, Athanasiou T
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2012 Jun;41(6):1260-70. Epub 2012 Jan 18 doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezr232. PMID: 22290892

Therapy

Saponaro V, Mey C, Vonfeld I, Chamagne A, Alvarado MP, Cadoré JL, Chetboul V, Desquilbet L
J Vet Intern Med 2023 Sep-Oct;37(5):1679-1684. Epub 2023 Jul 13 doi: 10.1111/jvim.16806. PMID: 37448142Free PMC Article
Nelson JA, Espinosa R, Michelena H, Rehfeldt K
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021 May;35(5):1292-1298. Epub 2020 Aug 24 doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.08.045. PMID: 32921604
Pai SL, Aniskevich S 3rd, Logvinov II, Matcha GV, Palmer WC, Blackshear JL
Transplant Proc 2018 Jun;50(5):1466-1469. Epub 2018 Mar 10 doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.02.080. PMID: 29880372
Poveda-Jaramillo R, Monaco F, Zangrillo A, Landoni G
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2018 Jun;32(3):1415-1425. Epub 2017 Nov 23 doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2017.11.039. PMID: 29398384
Loulmet DF, Yaffee DW, Ursomanno PA, Rabinovich AE, Applebaum RM, Galloway AC, Grossi EA
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014 Dec;148(6):2787-93. Epub 2014 Aug 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.07.076. PMID: 25212050

Prognosis

Heydari B, Satriano A, Jerosch-Herold M, Kolm P, Kim DY, Cheng K, Choi YL, Antiochos P, White JA, Mahmod M, Chan K, Raman B, Desai MY, Ho CY, Dolman SF, Desvigne-Nickens P, Maron MS, Friedrich MG, Schulz-Menger J, Piechnik SK, Appelbaum E, Weintraub WS, Neubauer S, Kramer CM, Kwong RY; HCMR Investigators
JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2023 Apr;16(4):478-491. Epub 2022 Dec 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.10.005. PMID: 36648040Free PMC Article
Friend EJ, Wiener PC, Murthy KS, Peterson E, Al-Sudani H, Pressman GS
J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2023 Apr;36(4):421-427. Epub 2022 Dec 16 doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2022.12.011. PMID: 36529336
Pai SL, Aniskevich S 3rd, Logvinov II, Matcha GV, Palmer WC, Blackshear JL
Transplant Proc 2018 Jun;50(5):1466-1469. Epub 2018 Mar 10 doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.02.080. PMID: 29880372
Loulmet DF, Yaffee DW, Ursomanno PA, Rabinovich AE, Applebaum RM, Galloway AC, Grossi EA
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014 Dec;148(6):2787-93. Epub 2014 Aug 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.07.076. PMID: 25212050
Ibrahim M, Rao C, Ashrafian H, Chaudhry U, Darzi A, Athanasiou T
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2012 Jun;41(6):1260-70. Epub 2012 Jan 18 doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezr232. PMID: 22290892

Clinical prediction guides

Heydari B, Satriano A, Jerosch-Herold M, Kolm P, Kim DY, Cheng K, Choi YL, Antiochos P, White JA, Mahmod M, Chan K, Raman B, Desai MY, Ho CY, Dolman SF, Desvigne-Nickens P, Maron MS, Friedrich MG, Schulz-Menger J, Piechnik SK, Appelbaum E, Weintraub WS, Neubauer S, Kramer CM, Kwong RY; HCMR Investigators
JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2023 Apr;16(4):478-491. Epub 2022 Dec 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.10.005. PMID: 36648040Free PMC Article
Friend EJ, Wiener PC, Murthy KS, Peterson E, Al-Sudani H, Pressman GS
J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2023 Apr;36(4):421-427. Epub 2022 Dec 16 doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2022.12.011. PMID: 36529336
Slama M, Tribouilloy C, Maizel J
Curr Opin Crit Care 2016 Jun;22(3):260-6. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000304. PMID: 27054628
Loulmet DF, Yaffee DW, Ursomanno PA, Rabinovich AE, Applebaum RM, Galloway AC, Grossi EA
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014 Dec;148(6):2787-93. Epub 2014 Aug 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.07.076. PMID: 25212050
Ibrahim M, Rao C, Ashrafian H, Chaudhry U, Darzi A, Athanasiou T
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2012 Jun;41(6):1260-70. Epub 2012 Jan 18 doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezr232. PMID: 22290892

Recent systematic reviews

Dorfman TA, Iskandrian AE, Aqel R
Clin Cardiol 2008 May;31(5):194-200. doi: 10.1002/clc.20212. PMID: 17847035Free PMC Article

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