U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Occipital horn

MedGen UID:
1842007
Concept ID:
C5782305
Anatomical Abnormality
HPO: HP:0034975

Definition

Downward pointing exostoses of the occipital bone situated in the tendinous insertions of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. [from HPO]

Conditions with this feature

X-linked calvarial hyperostosis
MedGen UID:
1674665
Concept ID:
C5190611
Disease or Syndrome
Calvarial hyperostosis is a benign X-linked disorder that affects only the skull. Symptoms are prominent frontoparietal bones, flat nasal root, short upturned nose, high forehead with ridging of the metopic and sagittal sutures, and lateral frontal prominences. Radiographs of the skull show increased bone thickness at the sagittal suture line and prominent lateral frontal horns. Increased intracranial pressure and cranial nerve entrapment do not occur (summary by Borra et al., 2014).

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Czyzycki M, Glen A, Slowik A, Chrzan R, Dziedzic T
J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021 Feb;128(2):207-213. Epub 2021 Jan 8 doi: 10.1007/s00702-020-02294-9. PMID: 33417010
Kodama H, Fujisawa C, Bhadhprasit W
Curr Drug Metab 2012 Mar;13(3):237-50. doi: 10.2174/138920012799320455. PMID: 21838703Free PMC Article
Kodama H, Murata Y, Kobayashi M
Pediatr Int 1999 Aug;41(4):423-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1442-200x.1999.01095.x. PMID: 10453199

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Verhey LH, Kulkarni AV, Reeder RW, Riva-Cambrin J, Jensen H, Pollack IF, Rocque BG, Tamber MS, McDonald PJ, Krieger MD, Pindrik JA, Hauptman JS, Browd SR, Whitehead WE, Jackson EM, Wellons JC, Hankinson TC, Chu J, Limbrick DD, Strahle JM, Kestle JRW; Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network
J Neurosurg Pediatr 2024 May 1;33(5):417-427. Epub 2024 Feb 9 doi: 10.3171/2023.12.PEDS23401. PMID: 38335514
De Feyter S, Beyens A, Callewaert B
J Inherit Metab Dis 2023 Mar;46(2):163-173. Epub 2023 Feb 3 doi: 10.1002/jimd.12590. PMID: 36692329
Zhao H, Cao L, Zhao Y, Wang B, Tian S, Ma J
Childs Nerv Syst 2023 Mar;39(3):767-773. Epub 2022 Sep 6 doi: 10.1007/s00381-022-05656-8. PMID: 36065031
Cizmeci MN, Groenendaal F, Liem KD, van Haastert IC, Benavente-Fernández I, van Straaten HLM, Steggerda S, Smit BJ, Whitelaw A, Woerdeman P, Heep A, de Vries LS; ELVIS study group
J Pediatr 2020 Nov;226:28-35.e3. Epub 2020 Aug 12 doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.08.014. PMID: 32800815
Oushy S, Parker JJ, Campbell K, Palmer C, Wilkinson C, Stence NV, Handler MH, Mirsky DM
J Neurosurg Pediatr 2017 Nov;20(5):432-438. Epub 2017 Sep 8 doi: 10.3171/2017.6.PEDS16481. PMID: 28885094

Diagnosis

De Feyter S, Beyens A, Callewaert B
J Inherit Metab Dis 2023 Mar;46(2):163-173. Epub 2023 Feb 3 doi: 10.1002/jimd.12590. PMID: 36692329
Cizmeci MN, Groenendaal F, Liem KD, van Haastert IC, Benavente-Fernández I, van Straaten HLM, Steggerda S, Smit BJ, Whitelaw A, Woerdeman P, Heep A, de Vries LS; ELVIS study group
J Pediatr 2020 Nov;226:28-35.e3. Epub 2020 Aug 12 doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.08.014. PMID: 32800815
Lorincz MT
Handb Clin Neurol 2018;147:279-292. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63233-3.00018-X. PMID: 29325617
Lüdemann W, Banan R, Samii A, Koutzoglou M, Di Rocco C
Childs Nerv Syst 2015 Apr;31(4):529-32. Epub 2015 Feb 17 doi: 10.1007/s00381-015-2629-2. PMID: 25686890
Woimant F, Trocello JM
Handb Clin Neurol 2014;120:851-64. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-7020-4087-0.00057-7. PMID: 24365357

Therapy

Cizmeci MN, Groenendaal F, Liem KD, van Haastert IC, Benavente-Fernández I, van Straaten HLM, Steggerda S, Smit BJ, Whitelaw A, Woerdeman P, Heep A, de Vries LS; ELVIS study group
J Pediatr 2020 Nov;226:28-35.e3. Epub 2020 Aug 12 doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.08.014. PMID: 32800815
Lorincz MT
Handb Clin Neurol 2018;147:279-292. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63233-3.00018-X. PMID: 29325617
Lüdemann W, Banan R, Samii A, Koutzoglou M, Di Rocco C
Childs Nerv Syst 2015 Apr;31(4):529-32. Epub 2015 Feb 17 doi: 10.1007/s00381-015-2629-2. PMID: 25686890
Møller LB
J Trace Elem Med Biol 2015;31:173-7. Epub 2014 Aug 8 doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.07.022. PMID: 25172213
Kaler SG
Handb Clin Neurol 2013;113:1745-54. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-59565-2.00045-9. PMID: 23622398Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Verhey LH, Kulkarni AV, Reeder RW, Riva-Cambrin J, Jensen H, Pollack IF, Rocque BG, Tamber MS, McDonald PJ, Krieger MD, Pindrik JA, Hauptman JS, Browd SR, Whitehead WE, Jackson EM, Wellons JC, Hankinson TC, Chu J, Limbrick DD, Strahle JM, Kestle JRW; Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network
J Neurosurg Pediatr 2024 May 1;33(5):417-427. Epub 2024 Feb 9 doi: 10.3171/2023.12.PEDS23401. PMID: 38335514
De Feyter S, Beyens A, Callewaert B
J Inherit Metab Dis 2023 Mar;46(2):163-173. Epub 2023 Feb 3 doi: 10.1002/jimd.12590. PMID: 36692329
Oushy S, Parker JJ, Campbell K, Palmer C, Wilkinson C, Stence NV, Handler MH, Mirsky DM
J Neurosurg Pediatr 2017 Nov;20(5):432-438. Epub 2017 Sep 8 doi: 10.3171/2017.6.PEDS16481. PMID: 28885094
Averill LW, Kandula VV, Akyol Y, Epelman M
Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2015 Dec;36(6):476-86. Epub 2015 Apr 3 doi: 10.1053/j.sult.2015.04.001. PMID: 26614131
Kaler SG
Handb Clin Neurol 2013;113:1745-54. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-59565-2.00045-9. PMID: 23622398Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

De Feyter S, Beyens A, Callewaert B
J Inherit Metab Dis 2023 Mar;46(2):163-173. Epub 2023 Feb 3 doi: 10.1002/jimd.12590. PMID: 36692329
Stanishevsky AV, Aliev ZS, Gizatullin SK, Rafaelyan AA, Svistov DV, Gavrilov GV, Onnitsev IE
Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2022;86(6):25-35. doi: 10.17116/neiro20228606125. PMID: 36534621
Cizmeci MN, Groenendaal F, Liem KD, van Haastert IC, Benavente-Fernández I, van Straaten HLM, Steggerda S, Smit BJ, Whitelaw A, Woerdeman P, Heep A, de Vries LS; ELVIS study group
J Pediatr 2020 Nov;226:28-35.e3. Epub 2020 Aug 12 doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.08.014. PMID: 32800815
Oushy S, Parker JJ, Campbell K, Palmer C, Wilkinson C, Stence NV, Handler MH, Mirsky DM
J Neurosurg Pediatr 2017 Nov;20(5):432-438. Epub 2017 Sep 8 doi: 10.3171/2017.6.PEDS16481. PMID: 28885094
Averill LW, Kandula VV, Akyol Y, Epelman M
Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2015 Dec;36(6):476-86. Epub 2015 Apr 3 doi: 10.1053/j.sult.2015.04.001. PMID: 26614131

Recent systematic reviews

De Feyter S, Beyens A, Callewaert B
J Inherit Metab Dis 2023 Mar;46(2):163-173. Epub 2023 Feb 3 doi: 10.1002/jimd.12590. PMID: 36692329
Kunpalin Y, Richter J, Mufti N, Bosteels J, Ourselin S, De Coppi P, Thompson D, David AL, Deprest J
BJOG 2021 Jan;128(2):366-374. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.16496. PMID: 32926566Free PMC Article
Nikas DC, Post AF, Choudhri AF, Mazzola CA, Mitchell L, Flannery AM; Pediatric Hydrocephalus Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guidelines Task Force
J Neurosurg Pediatr 2014 Nov;14 Suppl 1:77-81. doi: 10.3171/2014.7.PEDS14330. PMID: 25988786

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Consumer resources

    Recent activity

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...