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Rheumatic heart disease

MedGen UID:
20565
•Concept ID:
C0035439
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Disease, Rheumatic Heart; Diseases, Rheumatic Heart; Heart Disease, Rheumatic; Heart Diseases, Rheumatic; Rheumatic Heart Disease; Rheumatic Heart Diseases
SNOMED CT: Rheumatic heart disease (23685000); Chronic rheumatic heart disease (23685000); Chronic rheumatic fever (23685000)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0006955

Definition

An autoinflammatory condition following an infection with Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS), in which the heart is attacked by antibodies formed in reaction to a recent GABHS infection. Chief anatomic changes of the valve include leaflet thickening, commissural fusion, and shortening and thickening of the tendinous cords, all of which can result in valvular dysfunction. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

When Direct Oral Anticoagulants Should Not Be Standard Treatment: JACC State-of-the-Art Review.
Bejjani A, Khairani CD, Assi A, Piazza G, Sadeghipour P, Talasaz AH, Fanikos J, Connors JM, Siegal DM, Barnes GD, Martin KA, Angiolillo DJ, Kleindorfer D, Monreal M, Jimenez D, Middeldorp S, Elkind MSV, Ruff CT, Goldhaber SZ, Krumholz HM, Mehran R, Cushman M, Eikelboom JW, Lip GYH, Weitz JI, Lopes RD, Bikdeli B
J Am Coll Cardiol 2024 Jan 23;83(3):444-465. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.10.038. PMID: 38233019
The 2020 Australian guideline for prevention, diagnosis and management of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease.
Ralph AP, Noonan S, Wade V, Currie BJ
Med J Aust 2021 Mar;214(5):220-227. Epub 2020 Nov 15 doi: 10.5694/mja2.50851. PMID: 33190309
Rheumatic Mitral Valve Stenosis: Diagnosis and Treatment Options.
Wunderlich NC, Dalvi B, Ho SY, Küx H, Siegel RJ
Curr Cardiol Rep 2019 Feb 28;21(3):14. doi: 10.1007/s11886-019-1099-7. PMID: 30815750

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Rheumatic Heart Disease: JACC Focus Seminar 2/4.
Dougherty S, Okello E, Mwangi J, Kumar RK
J Am Coll Cardiol 2023 Jan 3;81(1):81-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.09.050. PMID: 36599614
Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease in the United States.
de Loizaga SR, Beaton AZ
Pediatr Ann 2021 Mar;50(3):e98-e104. Epub 2021 Mar 1 doi: 10.3928/19382359-20210221-01. PMID: 34038651
Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease in Children.
Arvind B, Ramakrishnan S
Indian J Pediatr 2020 Apr;87(4):305-311. Epub 2020 Jan 11 doi: 10.1007/s12098-019-03128-7. PMID: 31925717
Acute rheumatic fever.
Karthikeyan G, Guilherme L
Lancet 2018 Jul 14;392(10142):161-174. Epub 2018 Jun 29 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30999-1. PMID: 30025809
Rheumatic heart disease.
Marijon E, Mirabel M, Celermajer DS, Jouven X
Lancet 2012 Mar 10;379(9819):953-964. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61171-9. PMID: 22405798

Diagnosis

Rheumatic Heart Disease: JACC Focus Seminar 2/4.
Dougherty S, Okello E, Mwangi J, Kumar RK
J Am Coll Cardiol 2023 Jan 3;81(1):81-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.09.050. PMID: 36599614
Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease in the United States.
de Loizaga SR, Beaton AZ
Pediatr Ann 2021 Mar;50(3):e98-e104. Epub 2021 Mar 1 doi: 10.3928/19382359-20210221-01. PMID: 34038651
Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease in Children.
Arvind B, Ramakrishnan S
Indian J Pediatr 2020 Apr;87(4):305-311. Epub 2020 Jan 11 doi: 10.1007/s12098-019-03128-7. PMID: 31925717
Rheumatic heart disease in the modern era: recent developments and current challenges.
Leal MTBC, Passos LSA, Guarçoni FV, Aguiar JMS, Silva RBRD, Paula TMN, Santos RFD, Nassif MCL, Gomes NFA, Tan TC, Nunes MCP
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2019 Mar 14;52:e20180041. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0041-2019. PMID: 30892546
Rheumatic heart disease.
Marijon E, Mirabel M, Celermajer DS, Jouven X
Lancet 2012 Mar 10;379(9819):953-964. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61171-9. PMID: 22405798

Therapy

When Direct Oral Anticoagulants Should Not Be Standard Treatment: JACC State-of-the-Art Review.
Bejjani A, Khairani CD, Assi A, Piazza G, Sadeghipour P, Talasaz AH, Fanikos J, Connors JM, Siegal DM, Barnes GD, Martin KA, Angiolillo DJ, Kleindorfer D, Monreal M, Jimenez D, Middeldorp S, Elkind MSV, Ruff CT, Goldhaber SZ, Krumholz HM, Mehran R, Cushman M, Eikelboom JW, Lip GYH, Weitz JI, Lopes RD, Bikdeli B
J Am Coll Cardiol 2024 Jan 23;83(3):444-465. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.10.038. PMID: 38233019
Rheumatic Heart Disease: JACC Focus Seminar 2/4.
Dougherty S, Okello E, Mwangi J, Kumar RK
J Am Coll Cardiol 2023 Jan 3;81(1):81-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.09.050. PMID: 36599614
Rivaroxaban in Rheumatic Heart Disease-Associated Atrial Fibrillation.
Connolly SJ, Karthikeyan G, Ntsekhe M, Haileamlak A, El Sayed A, El Ghamrawy A, Damasceno A, Avezum A, Dans AML, Gitura B, Hu D, Kamanzi ER, Maklady F, Fana G, Gonzalez-Hermosillo JA, Musuku J, Kazmi K, Zühlke L, Gondwe L, Ma C, Paniagua M, Ogah OS, Molefe-Baikai OJ, Lwabi P, Chillo P, Sharma SK, Cabral TTJ, Tarhuni WM, Benz A, van Eikels M, Krol A, Pattath D, Balasubramanian K, Rangarajan S, Ramasundarahettige C, Mayosi B, Yusuf S; INVICTUS Investigators
N Engl J Med 2022 Sep 15;387(11):978-988. Epub 2022 Aug 28 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2209051. PMID: 36036525
Acute rheumatic fever.
Karthikeyan G, Guilherme L
Lancet 2018 Jul 14;392(10142):161-174. Epub 2018 Jun 29 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30999-1. PMID: 30025809
Update on rheumatic heart disease.
Yanagawa B, Butany J, Verma S
Curr Opin Cardiol 2016 Mar;31(2):162-8. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000269. PMID: 26731292

Prognosis

Analysis and comparison of the trends in burden of rheumatic heart disease in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2019.
Shi L, Bao C, Wen Y, Liu X, You G
BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023 Oct 24;23(1):517. doi: 10.1186/s12872-023-03552-w. PMID: 37875798Free PMC Article
Global, regional, and national burden of cardiovascular diseases in youths and young adults aged 15-39 years in 204 countries/territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis of Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
Sun J, Qiao Y, Zhao M, Magnussen CG, Xi B
BMC Med 2023 Jun 26;21(1):222. doi: 10.1186/s12916-023-02925-4. PMID: 37365627Free PMC Article
Acute Rheumatic Fever.
Lahiri S, Sanyahumbi A
Pediatr Rev 2021 May;42(5):221-232. doi: 10.1542/pir.2019-0288. PMID: 33931507
Stroke risk in rheumatic heart disease.
Karthikeyan G
Heart 2021 May;107(9):694-696. Epub 2021 Jan 18 doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2020-318756. PMID: 33462122
Global, Regional, and National Burden of Rheumatic Heart Disease, 1990-2015.
Watkins DA, Johnson CO, Colquhoun SM, Karthikeyan G, Beaton A, Bukhman G, Forouzanfar MH, Longenecker CT, Mayosi BM, Mensah GA, Nascimento BR, Ribeiro ALP, Sable CA, Steer AC, Naghavi M, Mokdad AH, Murray CJL, Vos T, Carapetis JR, Roth GA
N Engl J Med 2017 Aug 24;377(8):713-722. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1603693. PMID: 28834488

Clinical prediction guides

Characterization of rheumatic heart disease from electrocardiogram recordings.
Asmare MH, Chuma AT, Varon C, Woldehanna F, Janssens L, Vanrumste B
Physiol Meas 2023 Mar 1;44(2) doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/aca6cb. PMID: 36595302
Ficolin-3 in rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease.
Catarino SJ, Andrade FA, Bavia L, Guilherme L, Messias-Reason IJ
Immunol Lett 2021 Jan;229:27-31. Epub 2020 Nov 21 doi: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.11.006. PMID: 33232720
Congenital and Acquired Valvular Heart Disease in Pregnancy.
Goldstein SA, Ward CC
Curr Cardiol Rep 2017 Aug 24;19(10):96. doi: 10.1007/s11886-017-0910-6. PMID: 28840470
Global, Regional, and National Burden of Rheumatic Heart Disease, 1990-2015.
Watkins DA, Johnson CO, Colquhoun SM, Karthikeyan G, Beaton A, Bukhman G, Forouzanfar MH, Longenecker CT, Mayosi BM, Mensah GA, Nascimento BR, Ribeiro ALP, Sable CA, Steer AC, Naghavi M, Mokdad AH, Murray CJL, Vos T, Carapetis JR, Roth GA
N Engl J Med 2017 Aug 24;377(8):713-722. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1603693. PMID: 28834488
Infective endocarditis.
Que YA, Moreillon P
Nat Rev Cardiol 2011 Jun;8(6):322-36. Epub 2011 Apr 12 doi: 10.1038/nrcardio.2011.43. PMID: 21487430

Recent systematic reviews

Prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in South Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Lamichhane P, Pokhrel KM, Pokharel P, Bhandari B, Lamichhane P, Regmi PR
Int J Cardiol 2022 Jul 1;358:110-119. Epub 2022 Apr 11 doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.04.010. PMID: 35504739
Economic consequences of rheumatic heart disease: A scoping review.
Opara CC, Aghassibake N, Watkins DA
Int J Cardiol 2021 Jan 15;323:235-241. Epub 2020 Sep 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.09.020. PMID: 32920073
Medical Management of Rheumatic Heart Disease: A Systematic Review of the Evidence.
Russell EA, Walsh WF, Costello B, McLellan AJA, Brown A, Reid CM, Tran L, Maguire GP
Cardiol Rev 2018 Jul/Aug;26(4):187-195. doi: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000185. PMID: 29608495
Heart failure in sub-Saharan Africa: A contemporaneous systematic review and meta-analysis.
Agbor VN, Essouma M, Ntusi NAB, Nyaga UF, Bigna JJ, Noubiap JJ
Int J Cardiol 2018 Apr 15;257:207-215. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.12.048. PMID: 29506693
Stroke and rheumatic heart disease: a systematic review of observational studies.
Wang D, Liu M, Lin S, Hao Z, Tao W, Chen X, Luan R, Dong W
Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2013 Sep;115(9):1575-82. Epub 2013 Jul 25 doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2013.06.017. PMID: 23890677

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