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Ventilator associated pneumonia

MedGen UID:
316317
•Concept ID:
C1701940
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated; Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
SNOMED CT: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (429271009); Ventilator-acquired pneumonia (429271009); Ventilator associated pneumonia (429271009); VAP - ventilator associated pneumonia (429271009)

Definition

Serious INFLAMMATION of the LUNG in patients who required the use of PULMONARY VENTILATOR. It is usually caused by bacterial CROSS INFECTION in hospitals. [from MeSH]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVVentilator associated pneumonia

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: Diagnosis, management, and prevention.
Modi AR, Kovacs CS
Cleve Clin J Med 2020 Oct 1;87(10):633-639. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.87a.19117. PMID: 33004324
International ERS/ESICM/ESCMID/ALAT guidelines for the management of hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia: Guidelines for the management of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP)/ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) of the European Respiratory Society (ERS), European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM), European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) and Asociación Latinoamericana del Tórax (ALAT).
Torres A, Niederman MS, Chastre J, Ewig S, Fernandez-Vandellos P, Hanberger H, Kollef M, Li Bassi G, Luna CM, Martin-Loeches I, Paiva JA, Read RC, Rigau D, Timsit JF, Welte T, Wunderink R
Eur Respir J 2017 Sep;50(3) Epub 2017 Sep 10 doi: 10.1183/13993003.00582-2017. PMID: 28890434
Management of Adults With Hospital-acquired and Ventilator-associated Pneumonia: 2016 Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Thoracic Society.
Kalil AC, Metersky ML, Klompas M, Muscedere J, Sweeney DA, Palmer LB, Napolitano LM, O'Grady NP, Bartlett JG, Carratalà J, El Solh AA, Ewig S, Fey PD, File TM Jr, Restrepo MI, Roberts JA, Waterer GW, Cruse P, Knight SL, Brozek JL
Clin Infect Dis 2016 Sep 1;63(5):e61-e111. Epub 2016 Jul 14 doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw353. PMID: 27418577Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Management of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: Guidelines.
Metersky ML, Kalil AC
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2024 Mar;38(1):87-101. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2023.12.004. PMID: 38280768
Non-Pharmacological Interventions to Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A Literature Review.
Coppadoro A, Bellani G, Foti G
Respir Care 2019 Dec;64(12):1586-1595. Epub 2019 Sep 24 doi: 10.4187/respcare.07127. PMID: 31551284
Management of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: Guidelines.
Metersky ML, Kalil AC
Clin Chest Med 2018 Dec;39(4):797-808. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2018.08.002. PMID: 30390750
New guidelines for hospital-acquired pneumonia/ventilator-associated pneumonia: USA vs. Europe.
Martin-Loeches I, Rodriguez AH, Torres A
Curr Opin Crit Care 2018 Oct;24(5):347-352. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000535. PMID: 30063491
Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Oliveira J, Zagalo C, Cavaco-Silva P
Rev Port Pneumol 2014 May-Jun;20(3):152-61. Epub 2014 Mar 24 doi: 10.1016/j.rppneu.2014.01.002. PMID: 24674617

Diagnosis

Management of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: Guidelines.
Metersky ML, Kalil AC
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2024 Mar;38(1):87-101. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2023.12.004. PMID: 38280768
Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.
Alriyami A, Kiger JR, Hooven TA
Neoreviews 2022 Jul 1;23(7):e448-e461. doi: 10.1542/neo.23-7-e448. PMID: 35773508
Hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: Diagnosis, management, and prevention.
Modi AR, Kovacs CS
Cleve Clin J Med 2020 Oct 1;87(10):633-639. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.87a.19117. PMID: 33004324
Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill adult patients-a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Fernando SM, Tran A, Cheng W, Klompas M, Kyeremanteng K, Mehta S, English SW, Muscedere J, Cook DJ, Torres A, Ranzani OT, Fox-Robichaud AE, Alhazzani W, Munshi L, Guyatt GH, Rochwerg B
Intensive Care Med 2020 Jun;46(6):1170-1179. Epub 2020 Apr 18 doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-06036-z. PMID: 32306086Free PMC Article
Ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: a narrative review.
Papazian L, Klompas M, Luyt CE
Intensive Care Med 2020 May;46(5):888-906. Epub 2020 Mar 10 doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-05980-0. PMID: 32157357Free PMC Article

Therapy

Inhaled Amikacin to Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia.
Ehrmann S, Barbier F, Demiselle J, Quenot JP, Herbrecht JE, Roux D, Lacherade JC, Landais M, Seguin P, Schnell D, Veinstein A, Gouin P, Lasocki S, Lu Q, Beduneau G, Ferrandiere M, Plantefève G, Dahyot-Fizelier C, Chebib N, Mercier E, Heuzé-Vourc'h N, Respaud R, Gregoire N, Garot D, Nay MA, Meziani F, Andreu P, Clere-Jehl R, Zucman N, Azaïs MA, Saint-Martin M, Gandonnière CS, Benzekri D, Merdji H, Tavernier E; Reva and CRICS-TRIGGERSEP F-CRIN Research Networks
N Engl J Med 2023 Nov 30;389(22):2052-2062. Epub 2023 Oct 25 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2310307. PMID: 37888914
Management of traumatic brain injury: a narrative review of current evidence.
Wiles MD
Anaesthesia 2022 Jan;77 Suppl 1:102-112. doi: 10.1111/anae.15608. PMID: 35001375
Oral hygiene care for critically ill patients to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Zhao T, Wu X, Zhang Q, Li C, Worthington HV, Hua F
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Dec 24;12(12):CD008367. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008367.pub4. PMID: 33368159Free PMC Article
International ERS/ESICM/ESCMID/ALAT guidelines for the management of hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia: Guidelines for the management of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP)/ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) of the European Respiratory Society (ERS), European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM), European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) and Asociación Latinoamericana del Tórax (ALAT).
Torres A, Niederman MS, Chastre J, Ewig S, Fernandez-Vandellos P, Hanberger H, Kollef M, Li Bassi G, Luna CM, Martin-Loeches I, Paiva JA, Read RC, Rigau D, Timsit JF, Welte T, Wunderink R
Eur Respir J 2017 Sep;50(3) Epub 2017 Sep 10 doi: 10.1183/13993003.00582-2017. PMID: 28890434
Oral decontamination techniques and ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Chacko R, Rajan A, Lionel P, Thilagavathi M, Yadav B, Premkumar J
Br J Nurs 2017 Jun 8;26(11):594-599. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2017.26.11.594. PMID: 28594615

Prognosis

Does chlorhexidine reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in ICU patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Cruz JC, Martins CK, Piassi JEV, Garcia Júnior IR, Santiago Junior JF, Faverani LP
Med Intensiva (Engl Ed) 2023 Aug;47(8):437-444. Epub 2022 Dec 1 doi: 10.1016/j.medine.2022.11.002. PMID: 36464582
Ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: a narrative review.
Papazian L, Klompas M, Luyt CE
Intensive Care Med 2020 May;46(5):888-906. Epub 2020 Mar 10 doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-05980-0. PMID: 32157357Free PMC Article
The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in a tertiary-care center: Comparison between pre- and post-VAP prevention bundle.
Osman S, Al Talhi YM, AlDabbagh M, Baksh M, Osman M, Azzam M
J Infect Public Health 2020 Apr;13(4):552-557. Epub 2019 Oct 25 doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2019.09.015. PMID: 31668986
Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Meta-analysis.
Li Y, Liu C, Xiao W, Song T, Wang S
Neurocrit Care 2020 Feb;32(1):272-285. doi: 10.1007/s12028-019-00773-w. PMID: 31300956Free PMC Article
Oral decontamination techniques and ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Chacko R, Rajan A, Lionel P, Thilagavathi M, Yadav B, Premkumar J
Br J Nurs 2017 Jun 8;26(11):594-599. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2017.26.11.594. PMID: 28594615

Clinical prediction guides

Cefiderocol- Compared to Colistin-Based Regimens for the Treatment of Severe Infections Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.
Falcone M, Tiseo G, Leonildi A, Della Sala L, Vecchione A, Barnini S, Farcomeni A, Menichetti F
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022 May 17;66(5):e0214221. Epub 2022 Mar 21 doi: 10.1128/aac.02142-21. PMID: 35311522Free PMC Article
The influence of professional oral hygiene care on reducing ventilator-associated pneumonia in trauma intensive care unit patients.
Choi MI, Han SY, Jeon HS, Choi ES, Won SE, Lee YJ, Yang JH, Baek CY, Shim H, Mun SJ
Br Dent J 2022 Feb;232(4):253-259. Epub 2022 Feb 25 doi: 10.1038/s41415-022-3986-3. PMID: 35217746
Defining Clinical and Microbiological Nonresponse in Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia.
Ceccato A, Torres A
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2022 Apr;43(2):229-233. Epub 2022 Jan 27 doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1740584. PMID: 35088404
Ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: a narrative review.
Papazian L, Klompas M, Luyt CE
Intensive Care Med 2020 May;46(5):888-906. Epub 2020 Mar 10 doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-05980-0. PMID: 32157357Free PMC Article
Ventilator discontinuation protocols.
Haas CF, Loik PS
Respir Care 2012 Oct;57(10):1649-62. doi: 10.4187/respcare.01895. PMID: 23013902

Recent systematic reviews

Impact of evidence-based bundles on ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention: A systematic review.
Da Rocha Gaspar MD, Antunes Rinaldi EC, Guetter Mello R, Dos Santos FA, Mendes Nadal J, Andreane Cabral LP, Vitor Farago P
J Infect Dev Ctries 2023 Feb 28;17(2):194-201. doi: 10.3855/jidc.12202. PMID: 36897895
Oral hygiene care for critically ill patients to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Zhao T, Wu X, Zhang Q, Li C, Worthington HV, Hua F
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Dec 24;12(12):CD008367. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008367.pub4. PMID: 33368159Free PMC Article
Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill adult patients-a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Fernando SM, Tran A, Cheng W, Klompas M, Kyeremanteng K, Mehta S, English SW, Muscedere J, Cook DJ, Torres A, Ranzani OT, Fox-Robichaud AE, Alhazzani W, Munshi L, Guyatt GH, Rochwerg B
Intensive Care Med 2020 Jun;46(6):1170-1179. Epub 2020 Apr 18 doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-06036-z. PMID: 32306086Free PMC Article
Effect of antibiotics administered via the respiratory tract in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Póvoa FCC, Cardinal-Fernandez P, Maia IS, Reboredo MM, Pinheiro BV
J Crit Care 2018 Feb;43:240-245. Epub 2017 Sep 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.09.019. PMID: 28942198
Oral hygiene care for critically ill patients to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Hua F, Xie H, Worthington HV, Furness S, Zhang Q, Li C
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016 Oct 25;10(10):CD008367. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008367.pub3. PMID: 27778318Free PMC Article

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