Short (hypoplastic) phalanx of finger, affecting one or more phalanges.

Short distance from the end of the finger to the most distal interphalangeal crease or the distal interphalangeal joint flexion point. That is, hypoplasia of one or more of the distal phalanx of finger.

Short (hypoplastic) middle phalanx of finger, affecting one or more fingers.

Congenital absence of the scaphoid..

The term distal symphalangism refers to a bony fusion of the distal and middle phalanges of the digits of the hand, in other words the distal interphalangeal joint (DIJ) is missing which can be seen either on x-rays or as an absence of the distal interphalangeal finger creases.

Decreased size of the teeth, which can be defined as a mesiodistal tooth diameter (width) more than 2 SD below mean. Alternatively, an apparently decreased maximum width of tooth.

Dentin dysplasia type II (DTDP2) is a defect of dentin formation in which the clinical appearance of the secondary teeth is normal, but the primary teeth may appear opalescent, similar to teeth affected by dentinogenesis imperfecta. The roots of the teeth are of normal shape and morphologic character. The pulp chambers and root canals of the anterior teeth and the premolars are shaped like thistle tubes because of the radicular extension of the pulp chamber. Most teeth show accumulations of pulp stones in these unusually shaped pulp chambers (summary by Kalk et al., 1998). Also see dentin dysplasia type I (DTDP1; 125400).

A nail that is diminished in length and width, i.e., underdeveloped nail.

Congenital anonychia is defined as the absence of fingernails and toenails. Anonychia and its milder phenotypic variant, hyponychia, usually occur as a feature of genetic syndromes, in association with significant skeletal and limb anomalies. Isolated nonsyndromic congenital anonychia/hyponychia is a rare entity that usually follows autosomal recessive inheritance with variable expression, even within a given family. The nail phenotypes observed range from no nail field to a nail field of reduced size with an absent or rudimentary nail (summary by Bruchle et al., 2008). This form of nail disorder is referred to here as nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder-4 (NDNC4). For a list of other nonsyndromic congenital nail disorders and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity, see NDNC1 (161050).