U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Erythroleukoplakia

MedGen UID:
458931
•Concept ID:
C2986705
•
Disease or Syndrome

Definition

Leukoplakia of the oral mucosa that is clinically characterized by the presence of erythematous or red and white patches. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVErythroleukoplakia

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Management update of potentially premalignant oral epithelial lesions.
Awadallah M, Idle M, Patel K, Kademani D
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2018 Jun;125(6):628-636. Epub 2018 Mar 23 doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2018.03.010. PMID: 29656948
Oral lichen planus - Differential diagnoses, serum autoantibodies, hematinic deficiencies, and management.
Chiang CP, Yu-Fong Chang J, Wang YP, Wu YH, Lu SY, Sun A
J Formos Med Assoc 2018 Sep;117(9):756-765. Epub 2018 Feb 19 doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.01.021. PMID: 29472048
Proliferative leukoplakia: Proposed new clinical diagnostic criteria.
Villa A, Menon RS, Kerr AR, De Abreu Alves F, Guollo A, Ojeda D, Woo SB
Oral Dis 2018 Jul;24(5):749-760. Epub 2018 May 2 doi: 10.1111/odi.12830. PMID: 29337414

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders.
Wetzel SL, Wollenberg J
Dent Clin North Am 2020 Jan;64(1):25-37. doi: 10.1016/j.cden.2019.08.004. PMID: 31735231
Management update of potentially premalignant oral epithelial lesions.
Awadallah M, Idle M, Patel K, Kademani D
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2018 Jun;125(6):628-636. Epub 2018 Mar 23 doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2018.03.010. PMID: 29656948
Proliferative leukoplakia: Proposed new clinical diagnostic criteria.
Villa A, Menon RS, Kerr AR, De Abreu Alves F, Guollo A, Ojeda D, Woo SB
Oral Dis 2018 Jul;24(5):749-760. Epub 2018 May 2 doi: 10.1111/odi.12830. PMID: 29337414
Potentially malignant oral lesions: clinicopathological correlations.
Maia HC, Pinto NA, Pereira Jdos S, de Medeiros AM, da Silveira ÉJ, Miguel MC
Einstein (Sao Paulo) 2016 Jan-Mar;14(1):35-40. doi: 10.1590/S1679-45082016AO3578. PMID: 27074232Free PMC Article
Epidemiology of cancer from the oral cavity and oropharynx.
Lambert R, Sauvaget C, de Camargo Cancela M, Sankaranarayanan R
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011 Aug;23(8):633-41. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0b013e3283484795. PMID: 21654320

Diagnosis

American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon's Position Paper on Oral Mucosal Dysplasia.
Carlson ER, Kademani D, Ward BB, Oreadi D
J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023 Aug;81(8):1042-1054. Epub 2023 May 6 doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2023.04.017. PMID: 37244288
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders.
Wetzel SL, Wollenberg J
Dent Clin North Am 2020 Jan;64(1):25-37. doi: 10.1016/j.cden.2019.08.004. PMID: 31735231
Oral lichen planus - Differential diagnoses, serum autoantibodies, hematinic deficiencies, and management.
Chiang CP, Yu-Fong Chang J, Wang YP, Wu YH, Lu SY, Sun A
J Formos Med Assoc 2018 Sep;117(9):756-765. Epub 2018 Feb 19 doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.01.021. PMID: 29472048
Potentially malignant oral lesions: clinicopathological correlations.
Maia HC, Pinto NA, Pereira Jdos S, de Medeiros AM, da Silveira ÉJ, Miguel MC
Einstein (Sao Paulo) 2016 Jan-Mar;14(1):35-40. doi: 10.1590/S1679-45082016AO3578. PMID: 27074232Free PMC Article
Epidemiology of cancer from the oral cavity and oropharynx.
Lambert R, Sauvaget C, de Camargo Cancela M, Sankaranarayanan R
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011 Aug;23(8):633-41. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0b013e3283484795. PMID: 21654320

Therapy

CLINICAL EFFICACY OF PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY IN MANAGEMENT OF ORAL POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT DISORDERS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS.
Peralta-Mamani M, Silva BMD, Honório HM, Rubira-Bullen IRF, Hanna R, Silva PSSD
J Evid Based Dent Pract 2024 Jun;24(2):101899. Epub 2023 Jun 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2023.101899. PMID: 38821659
The use of deep learning state-of-the-art architectures for oral epithelial dysplasia grading: A comparative appraisal.
Araújo ALD, Silva VMD, Moraes MC, de Amorim HA, Fonseca FP, Sant'Ana MSP, Mesquita RA, Mariz BALA, Pontes HAR, de Souza LL, Saldivia-Siracusa C, Khurram SA, Pearson AT, Martins MD, Lopes MA, Vargas PA, Kowalski LP, Santos-Silva AR
J Oral Pathol Med 2023 Nov;52(10):980-987. Epub 2023 Sep 15 doi: 10.1111/jop.13477. PMID: 37712321
Smokeless tobacco use and oral neoplasia among urban Indian women.
Mishra GA, Pimple SA, Gupta SD
Oral Dis 2019 Oct;25(7):1724-1734. Epub 2019 Aug 19 doi: 10.1111/odi.13166. PMID: 31348589
Oral epithelial dysplasia, atypical verrucous lesions and oral potentially malignant disorders: focus on histopathology.
Müller S
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2018 Jun;125(6):591-602. Epub 2018 Mar 1 doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2018.02.012. PMID: 29606637
Topical photodynamic therapy is very effective for oral verrucous hyperplasia and oral erythroleukoplakia.
Lin HP, Chen HM, Yu CH, Yang H, Wang YP, Chiang CP
J Oral Pathol Med 2010 Sep;39(8):624-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2010.00935.x. PMID: 21054548

Prognosis

Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: a follow-up study.
Jayasooriya PR, Dayaratne K, Dissanayake UB, Warnakulasuriya S
Clin Oral Investig 2020 Dec;24(12):4563-4569. Epub 2020 May 20 doi: 10.1007/s00784-020-03322-4. PMID: 32436158
The ultrastructural features of the premalignant oral lesions.
Olinici D, Cotrutz CE, Mihali CV, Grecu VB, Botez EA, Stoica L, Onofrei P, Condurache O, Dimitriu DC
Rom J Morphol Embryol 2018;59(1):243-248. PMID: 29940634
Potentially malignant oral lesions: clinicopathological correlations.
Maia HC, Pinto NA, Pereira Jdos S, de Medeiros AM, da Silveira ÉJ, Miguel MC
Einstein (Sao Paulo) 2016 Jan-Mar;14(1):35-40. doi: 10.1590/S1679-45082016AO3578. PMID: 27074232Free PMC Article
Dysplasia of the upper aerodigestive tract squamous epithelium.
Eversole LR
Head Neck Pathol 2009 Mar;3(1):63-8. Epub 2009 Feb 22 doi: 10.1007/s12105-009-0103-8. PMID: 20596993Free PMC Article
Comparison of clinical outcomes of oral erythroleukoplakia treated with photodynamic therapy using either light-emitting diode or laser light.
Yu CH, Lin HP, Chen HM, Yang H, Wang YP, Chiang CP
Lasers Surg Med 2009 Nov;41(9):628-33. doi: 10.1002/lsm.20841. PMID: 19816916

Clinical prediction guides

American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon's Position Paper on Oral Mucosal Dysplasia.
Carlson ER, Kademani D, Ward BB, Oreadi D
J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023 Aug;81(8):1042-1054. Epub 2023 May 6 doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2023.04.017. PMID: 37244288
Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: a follow-up study.
Jayasooriya PR, Dayaratne K, Dissanayake UB, Warnakulasuriya S
Clin Oral Investig 2020 Dec;24(12):4563-4569. Epub 2020 May 20 doi: 10.1007/s00784-020-03322-4. PMID: 32436158
Potentially malignant oral lesions: clinicopathological correlations.
Maia HC, Pinto NA, Pereira Jdos S, de Medeiros AM, da Silveira ÉJ, Miguel MC
Einstein (Sao Paulo) 2016 Jan-Mar;14(1):35-40. doi: 10.1590/S1679-45082016AO3578. PMID: 27074232Free PMC Article
Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: a systematic review of observational studies.
Warnakulasuriya S, Ariyawardana A
J Oral Pathol Med 2016 Mar;45(3):155-66. Epub 2015 Jul 20 doi: 10.1111/jop.12339. PMID: 26189354
Dysplasia of the upper aerodigestive tract squamous epithelium.
Eversole LR
Head Neck Pathol 2009 Mar;3(1):63-8. Epub 2009 Feb 22 doi: 10.1007/s12105-009-0103-8. PMID: 20596993Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Efficacy of Aminolevulinic Acid Mediated Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Oral Premalignant Lesions: A Systematic Review.
Bordoloi B, Goswami A, Roy D, Goswami P, Das I
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2024 Sep 1;25(9):2971-2978. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.9.2971. PMID: 39342573
CLINICAL EFFICACY OF PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY IN MANAGEMENT OF ORAL POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT DISORDERS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS.
Peralta-Mamani M, Silva BMD, Honório HM, Rubira-Bullen IRF, Hanna R, Silva PSSD
J Evid Based Dent Pract 2024 Jun;24(2):101899. Epub 2023 Jun 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2023.101899. PMID: 38821659
Photodynamic treatment outcomes of potentially-malignant lesions and malignancies of the head and neck region: A systematic review.
Gondivkar SM, Gadbail AR, Choudhary MG, Vedpathak PR, Likhitkar MS
J Investig Clin Dent 2018 Feb;9(1) Epub 2017 May 8 doi: 10.1111/jicd.12270. PMID: 28480637
Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: a systematic review of observational studies.
Warnakulasuriya S, Ariyawardana A
J Oral Pathol Med 2016 Mar;45(3):155-66. Epub 2015 Jul 20 doi: 10.1111/jop.12339. PMID: 26189354
Efficacy of photodynamic therapy in the management of oral premalignant lesions. A systematic review.
Vohra F, Al-Kheraif AA, Qadri T, Hassan MI, Ahmed A, Warnakulasuriya S, Javed F
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015 Mar;12(1):150-9. Epub 2014 Oct 12 doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2014.10.001. PMID: 25315968

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Related information

    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...