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Leukoplakia

MedGen UID:
44133
Concept ID:
C0023531
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Lesion, Leukoplakic; Lesions, Leukoplakic; Leukoplakias; Leukoplakic Lesion; Leukoplakic Lesions
SNOMED CT: Leukoplakia (274134003); Leukoplakia (50978000)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0043243

Definition

A white patch or plaque on a mucous membrane that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disease. The diagnosis of leukoplakia is one of exclusion; other conditions such as candidiasis, lichen planus, leukoedema, etc., must be ruled out before a diagnosis of leukoplakia can be made. Leukoplakia may be a premalignant condition. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Kerr AR, Lodi G
Oral Dis 2021 Nov;27(8):2008-2025. Epub 2021 Oct 9 doi: 10.1111/odi.13980. PMID: 34324758
Chiang CP, Yu-Fong Chang J, Wang YP, Wu YH, Lu SY, Sun A
J Formos Med Assoc 2018 Sep;117(9):756-765. Epub 2018 Feb 19 doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.01.021. PMID: 29472048
Capella DL, Gonçalves JM, Abrantes AAA, Grando LJ, Daniel FI
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2017 Sep-Oct;83(5):585-593. Epub 2017 Jan 24 doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2016.12.005. PMID: 28209441Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Aguirre-Urizar JM, Lafuente-Ibáñez de Mendoza I, Warnakulasuriya S
Oral Dis 2021 Nov;27(8):1881-1895. Epub 2021 Apr 1 doi: 10.1111/odi.13810. PMID: 33606345
Roza ALOC, Kowalski LP, William WN Jr, de Castro G Jr, Chaves ALF, Araújo ALD, Ribeiro ACP, Brandão TB, Lopes MA, Vargas PA, Santos-Silva AR; Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group–Brazilian Group of Head and Neck Cancer
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021 Jan;131(1):73-84. Epub 2020 Sep 14 doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.09.002. PMID: 33187936
Park JC, Altman KW, Prasad VMN, Broadhurst M, Akst LM
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021 Jun;164(6):1153-1159. Epub 2020 Nov 10 doi: 10.1177/0194599820965910. PMID: 33170765
Wetzel SL, Wollenberg J
Dent Clin North Am 2020 Jan;64(1):25-37. doi: 10.1016/j.cden.2019.08.004. PMID: 31735231
Villa A, Woo SB
J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017 Apr;75(4):723-734. Epub 2016 Oct 26 doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2016.10.012. PMID: 27865803

Diagnosis

Wetzel SL, Wollenberg J
Dent Clin North Am 2020 Jan;64(1):25-37. doi: 10.1016/j.cden.2019.08.004. PMID: 31735231
Villa A, Sonis S
Oral Dis 2018 Mar;24(1-2):179-183. doi: 10.1111/odi.12781. PMID: 29480606
Capella DL, Gonçalves JM, Abrantes AAA, Grando LJ, Daniel FI
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2017 Sep-Oct;83(5):585-593. Epub 2017 Jan 24 doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2016.12.005. PMID: 28209441Free PMC Article
Villa A, Woo SB
J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017 Apr;75(4):723-734. Epub 2016 Oct 26 doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2016.10.012. PMID: 27865803
Reznik DA
Top HIV Med 2005 Dec-2006 Jan;13(5):143-8. PMID: 16377852

Therapy

Aguirre-Urizar JM, Lafuente-Ibáñez de Mendoza I, Warnakulasuriya S
Oral Dis 2021 Nov;27(8):1881-1895. Epub 2021 Apr 1 doi: 10.1111/odi.13810. PMID: 33606345
Li Y, Wang B, Zheng S, He Y
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019 Mar;25:17-22. Epub 2018 Nov 1 doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.10.023. PMID: 30391342
Muthukrishnan A, Warnakulasuriya S
Indian J Med Res 2018 Jul;148(1):35-40. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1793_17. PMID: 30264752Free PMC Article
Lodi G, Franchini R, Warnakulasuriya S, Varoni EM, Sardella A, Kerr AR, Carrassi A, MacDonald LC, Worthington HV
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016 Jul 29;7(7):CD001829. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001829.pub4. PMID: 27471845Free PMC Article
De Vries N, De Flora S
J Cell Biochem Suppl 1993;17F:270-7. doi: 10.1002/jcb.240531040. PMID: 8412205

Prognosis

Li X, Liu L, Zhang J, Ma M, Sun L, Li X, Zhang H, Wang J, Huang Y, Li T
Sci China Life Sci 2021 Sep;64(9):1379-1391. Epub 2021 Aug 2 doi: 10.1007/s11427-021-1965-x. PMID: 34351567
Maymone MBC, Greer RO, Kesecker J, Sahitya PC, Burdine LK, Cheng AD, Maymone AC, Vashi NA
J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Jul;81(1):59-71. Epub 2018 Nov 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.09.060. PMID: 30447325
Holmstrup P
Oral Dis 2018 Mar;24(1-2):138-143. doi: 10.1111/odi.12709. PMID: 29480616
Schultz P
Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2011 Dec;128(6):301-8. Epub 2011 Sep 29 doi: 10.1016/j.anorl.2011.04.004. PMID: 21959270
Morgan RJ, Cameron KM
Br J Urol 1980 Apr;52(2):96-100. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.1980.tb02937.x. PMID: 7426974

Clinical prediction guides

Kerr AR, Lodi G
Oral Dis 2021 Nov;27(8):2008-2025. Epub 2021 Oct 9 doi: 10.1111/odi.13980. PMID: 34324758
Thompson LDR, Fitzpatrick SG, Müller S, Eisenberg E, Upadhyaya JD, Lingen MW, Vigneswaran N, Woo SB, Bhattacharyya I, Bilodeau EA, Carlos R, Islam MN, Leon ME, Lewis JS Jr, Magliocca KR, Mani H, Mehrad M, Purgina B, Richardson M, Wenig BM, Cohen DM
Head Neck Pathol 2021 Jun;15(2):572-587. Epub 2021 Jan 7 doi: 10.1007/s12105-020-01262-9. PMID: 33415517Free PMC Article
Roza ALOC, Kowalski LP, William WN Jr, de Castro G Jr, Chaves ALF, Araújo ALD, Ribeiro ACP, Brandão TB, Lopes MA, Vargas PA, Santos-Silva AR; Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group–Brazilian Group of Head and Neck Cancer
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021 Jan;131(1):73-84. Epub 2020 Sep 14 doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.09.002. PMID: 33187936
Chaturvedi AK, Udaltsova N, Engels EA, Katzel JA, Yanik EL, Katki HA, Lingen MW, Silverberg MJ
J Natl Cancer Inst 2020 Oct 1;112(10):1047-1054. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djz238. PMID: 31860085Free PMC Article
Gurvits GE, Tan A
World J Gastroenterol 2014 Aug 21;20(31):10845-50. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i31.10845. PMID: 25152586Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Aguirre-Urizar JM, Lafuente-Ibáñez de Mendoza I, Warnakulasuriya S
Oral Dis 2021 Nov;27(8):1881-1895. Epub 2021 Apr 1 doi: 10.1111/odi.13810. PMID: 33606345
Roza ALOC, Kowalski LP, William WN Jr, de Castro G Jr, Chaves ALF, Araújo ALD, Ribeiro ACP, Brandão TB, Lopes MA, Vargas PA, Santos-Silva AR; Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group–Brazilian Group of Head and Neck Cancer
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021 Jan;131(1):73-84. Epub 2020 Sep 14 doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.09.002. PMID: 33187936
Ramos-Garcia P, Roca-Rodriguez MDM, Aguilar-Diosdado M, Gonzalez-Moles MA
Oral Dis 2021 Apr;27(3):404-421. Epub 2020 Feb 18 doi: 10.1111/odi.13289. PMID: 31994293
Iocca O, Sollecito TP, Alawi F, Weinstein GS, Newman JG, De Virgilio A, Di Maio P, Spriano G, Pardiñas López S, Shanti RM
Head Neck 2020 Mar;42(3):539-555. Epub 2019 Dec 5 doi: 10.1002/hed.26006. PMID: 31803979
Lodi G, Franchini R, Warnakulasuriya S, Varoni EM, Sardella A, Kerr AR, Carrassi A, MacDonald LC, Worthington HV
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016 Jul 29;7(7):CD001829. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001829.pub4. PMID: 27471845Free PMC Article

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