U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Polycystic kidney disease, adult type(PKD1)

MedGen UID:
461191
Concept ID:
C3149841
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: PKD1; Polycystic kidney disease 1; POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE 1 WITH OR WITHOUT POLYCYSTIC LIVER DISEASE; Polycystic Kidney Disease 1, Autosomal Dominant; Polycystic kidney disease 1, severe; POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE, ADULT, TYPE I; Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant
 
Gene (location): PKD1 (16p13.3)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0008263
OMIM®: 173900

Disease characteristics

Excerpted from the GeneReview: Polycystic Kidney Disease, Autosomal Dominant
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is generally a late-onset multisystem disorder characterized by bilateral kidney cysts, liver cysts, and an increased risk of intracranial aneurysms. Other manifestations include: cysts in the pancreas, seminal vesicles, and arachnoid membrane; dilatation of the aortic root and dissection of the thoracic aorta; mitral valve prolapse; and abdominal wall hernias. Kidney manifestations include early-onset hypertension, kidney pain, and kidney insufficiency. Approximately 50% of individuals with ADPKD have end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) by age 60 years. The prevalence of liver cysts increases with age and occasionally results in clinically significant severe polycystic liver disease (PLD), most often in females. Overall, the prevalence of intracranial aneurysms is fivefold higher than in the general population and further increased in those with a positive family history of aneurysms or subarachnoid hemorrhage. There is substantial variability in the severity of kidney disease and other extra-kidney manifestations. [from GeneReviews]
Authors:
Peter C Harris  |  Vicente E Torres   view full author information

Additional descriptions

From OMIM
PKD1, an autosomal dominant form of polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), has the cardinal manifestations of renal cysts, liver cysts, and intracranial aneurysm. Acute and chronic pain and nephrolithiasis are common complications. The most serious renal complication is end-stage renal disease, which occurs in approximately 50% of patients by the age of 60 years. The typical age of onset is in middle life, but the range is from infancy to 80 years (summary by Wu and Somlo, 2000). Genetic Heterogeneity of Polycystic Kidney Disease Also see polycystic kidney disease-2 (PKD2; 613095), caused by mutation in the PKD2 gene (173910) on chromosome 4q22; PKD3 (600666), caused by mutation in the GANAB gene (104160) on chromosome 11q13; PKD4 (263200), caused by mutation in the PKHD1 gene (606702) on chromosome 6p12; PKD5 (617610), caused by mutation in the DZIP1L gene (617570) on chromosome 3q22; PKD6 (618061), caused by mutation in the DNAJB11 gene (611341) on chromosome 3q27; PKD7 (620056), caused by mutation in the ALG5 gene (604565) on chromosome 13q13; and PKD8 (620903), caused by mutation in the NEK8 gene (609799) on chromosome 17q11.  http://www.omim.org/entry/173900
From MedlinePlus Genetics
The two major forms of polycystic kidney disease are distinguished by the usual age of onset and the pattern in which it is passed through families. The autosomal dominant form (sometimes called ADPKD) has signs and symptoms that typically begin in adulthood, although cysts in the kidney are often present from birth or childhood. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease can be further divided into type 1 and type 2, depending on the genetic cause. The autosomal recessive form of polycystic kidney disease (sometimes called ARPKD) is much rarer and is often lethal early in life. The signs and symptoms of this condition are usually apparent at birth or in early infancy.

Frequent complications of polycystic kidney disease include dangerously high blood pressure (hypertension), pain in the back or sides, blood in the urine (hematuria), recurrent urinary tract infections, kidney stones, and heart valve abnormalities. Additionally, people with polycystic kidney disease have an increased risk of an abnormal bulging (an aneurysm) in a large blood vessel called the aorta or in blood vessels at the base of the brain. Aneurysms can be life-threatening if they tear or rupture.

Polycystic kidney disease is a disorder that affects the kidneys and other organs. Clusters of fluid-filled sacs, called cysts, develop in the kidneys and interfere with their ability to filter waste products from the blood. The growth of cysts causes the kidneys to become enlarged and can lead to kidney failure. Cysts may also develop in other organs, particularly the liver.  https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/polycystic-kidney-disease

Clinical features

From HPO
Polycystic kidney disease
MedGen UID:
9639
Concept ID:
C0022680
Disease or Syndrome
The presence of multiple cysts in both kidneys.
Renal insufficiency
MedGen UID:
332529
Concept ID:
C1565489
Disease or Syndrome
A reduction in the level of performance of the kidneys in areas of function comprising the concentration of urine, removal of wastes, the maintenance of electrolyte balance, homeostasis of blood pressure, and calcium metabolism.
Hypertensive disorder
MedGen UID:
6969
Concept ID:
C0020538
Disease or Syndrome
The presence of chronic increased pressure in the systemic arterial system.
Mitral regurgitation
MedGen UID:
7670
Concept ID:
C0026266
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormality of the mitral valve characterized by insufficiency or incompetence of the mitral valve resulting in retrograde leaking of blood through the mitral valve upon ventricular contraction.
Mitral valve prolapse
MedGen UID:
7671
Concept ID:
C0026267
Disease or Syndrome
One or both of the leaflets (cusps) of the mitral valve bulges back into the left atrium upon contraction of the left ventricle.
Cerebral berry aneurysm
MedGen UID:
398664
Concept ID:
C2713497
Pathologic Function
A small, sac-like aneurysm (outpouching) of a cerebral blood vessel.
Colonic diverticula
MedGen UID:
3878
Concept ID:
C0012819
Disease or Syndrome
The presence of multiple diverticula of the colon.
Hepatic cysts
MedGen UID:
82761
Concept ID:
C0267834
Disease or Syndrome
A cystic lesion located in the liver.

Term Hierarchy

Professional guidelines

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Recent activity

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...