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Mouth Mucous Membrane Leukoplakia

MedGen UID:
68702
•Concept ID:
C0240371
•
Finding

Definition

A clinical term that indicates the presence of a white patch on the mucous membrane in the mouth which cannot be characterized as any other disease. It may be a precancerous condition and in most cases histologic examination reveals keratosis. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVMouth Mucous Membrane Leukoplakia

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Management of oral potentially malignant disorders.
Kerr AR, Lodi G
Oral Dis 2021 Nov;27(8):2008-2025. Epub 2021 Oct 9 doi: 10.1111/odi.13980. PMID: 34324758
Oral potentially malignant disorders: A comprehensive review on clinical aspects and management.
Warnakulasuriya S
Oral Oncol 2020 Mar;102:104550. Epub 2020 Jan 22 doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.104550. PMID: 31981993
Photodynamic treatment of oral lesions.
Kvaal SI, Warloe T
J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2007;26(2):127-33. doi: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.v26.i2.70. PMID: 17725538

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Oral lichen planus and related lesions. What should we accept based on the available evidence?
González-Moles MÁ, Ramos-García P
Oral Dis 2023 Oct;29(7):2624-2637. Epub 2022 Dec 8 doi: 10.1111/odi.14438. PMID: 36371653
Common Oral Lesions.
Randall DA, Wilson Westmark NL, Neville BW
Am Fam Physician 2022 Apr 1;105(4):369-376. PMID: 35426641
Management of oral potentially malignant disorders.
Kerr AR, Lodi G
Oral Dis 2021 Nov;27(8):2008-2025. Epub 2021 Oct 9 doi: 10.1111/odi.13980. PMID: 34324758
Oral potentially malignant disorders: A comprehensive review on clinical aspects and management.
Warnakulasuriya S
Oral Oncol 2020 Mar;102:104550. Epub 2020 Jan 22 doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.104550. PMID: 31981993
Premalignant and malignant oral mucosal lesions: Clinical and pathological findings.
Maymone MBC, Greer RO, Kesecker J, Sahitya PC, Burdine LK, Cheng AD, Maymone AC, Vashi NA
J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Jul;81(1):59-71. Epub 2018 Nov 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.09.060. PMID: 30447325

Diagnosis

Common Oral Lesions.
Randall DA, Wilson Westmark NL, Neville BW
Am Fam Physician 2022 Apr 1;105(4):369-376. PMID: 35426641
Management of oral potentially malignant disorders.
Kerr AR, Lodi G
Oral Dis 2021 Nov;27(8):2008-2025. Epub 2021 Oct 9 doi: 10.1111/odi.13980. PMID: 34324758
Oral potentially malignant disorders: A comprehensive review on clinical aspects and management.
Warnakulasuriya S
Oral Oncol 2020 Mar;102:104550. Epub 2020 Jan 22 doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.104550. PMID: 31981993
Frictional Keratosis, Contact Keratosis and Smokeless Tobacco Keratosis: Features of Reactive White Lesions of the Oral Mucosa.
Müller S
Head Neck Pathol 2019 Mar;13(1):16-24. Epub 2019 Jan 22 doi: 10.1007/s12105-018-0986-3. PMID: 30671762Free PMC Article
Premalignant and malignant oral mucosal lesions: Clinical and pathological findings.
Maymone MBC, Greer RO, Kesecker J, Sahitya PC, Burdine LK, Cheng AD, Maymone AC, Vashi NA
J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Jul;81(1):59-71. Epub 2018 Nov 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.09.060. PMID: 30447325

Therapy

Inhibition of mTOR signaling and clinical activity of metformin in oral premalignant lesions.
Gutkind JS, Molinolo AA, Wu X, Wang Z, Nachmanson D, Harismendy O, Alexandrov LB, Wuertz BR, Ondrey FG, Laronde D, Rock LD, Rosin M, Coffey C, Butler VD, Bengtson L, Hsu CH, Bauman JE, Hewitt SM, Cohen EE, Chow HS, Lippman SM, Szabo E
JCI Insight 2021 Sep 8;6(17) doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.147096. PMID: 34255745Free PMC Article
Frictional Keratosis, Contact Keratosis and Smokeless Tobacco Keratosis: Features of Reactive White Lesions of the Oral Mucosa.
Müller S
Head Neck Pathol 2019 Mar;13(1):16-24. Epub 2019 Jan 22 doi: 10.1007/s12105-018-0986-3. PMID: 30671762Free PMC Article
Harmful consequences of specific substances on the oral health.
Shaikh S, Aljanakh M, Al Ibrahim IK, Memon MS
J Pak Med Assoc 2018 Mar;68(3):437-443. PMID: 29540881
Tobacco use and oral leukoplakia.
Bánóczy J, Gintner Z, Dombi C
J Dent Educ 2001 Apr;65(4):322-7. PMID: 11336117
Tobacco use and oral disease.
Winn DM
J Dent Educ 2001 Apr;65(4):306-12. PMID: 11336115

Prognosis

Architectural and cytological features of epithelial dysplasia associated with transformation risk.
Cai X, Zhang J, Zhang H, Zhou X, Zhou Z, Jing F, Luo H, Li T
Oral Dis 2024 Jul;30(5):3028-3038. Epub 2023 Nov 20 doi: 10.1111/odi.14809. PMID: 37983891
Oral lichen planus and related lesions. What should we accept based on the available evidence?
González-Moles MÁ, Ramos-García P
Oral Dis 2023 Oct;29(7):2624-2637. Epub 2022 Dec 8 doi: 10.1111/odi.14438. PMID: 36371653
Management of oral potentially malignant disorders.
Kerr AR, Lodi G
Oral Dis 2021 Nov;27(8):2008-2025. Epub 2021 Oct 9 doi: 10.1111/odi.13980. PMID: 34324758
Premalignant and malignant oral mucosal lesions: Clinical and pathological findings.
Maymone MBC, Greer RO, Kesecker J, Sahitya PC, Burdine LK, Cheng AD, Maymone AC, Vashi NA
J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Jul;81(1):59-71. Epub 2018 Nov 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.09.060. PMID: 30447325
Oral erythroplakia-What is it?
Holmstrup P
Oral Dis 2018 Mar;24(1-2):138-143. doi: 10.1111/odi.12709. PMID: 29480616

Clinical prediction guides

Architectural and cytological features of epithelial dysplasia associated with transformation risk.
Cai X, Zhang J, Zhang H, Zhou X, Zhou Z, Jing F, Luo H, Li T
Oral Dis 2024 Jul;30(5):3028-3038. Epub 2023 Nov 20 doi: 10.1111/odi.14809. PMID: 37983891
American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon's Position Paper on Oral Mucosal Dysplasia.
Carlson ER, Kademani D, Ward BB, Oreadi D
J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023 Aug;81(8):1042-1054. Epub 2023 May 6 doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2023.04.017. PMID: 37244288
Oral leukoplakia: A clinicopathological study and malignant transformation.
Tovaru S, Costache M, Perlea P, Caramida M, Totan C, Warnakulasuriya S, Parlatescu I
Oral Dis 2023 May;29(4):1454-1463. Epub 2022 Jan 20 doi: 10.1111/odi.14123. PMID: 34982498
Common Oral Lesions.
Randall DA, Wilson Westmark NL, Neville BW
Am Fam Physician 2022 Apr 1;105(4):369-376. PMID: 35426641
Management of oral potentially malignant disorders.
Kerr AR, Lodi G
Oral Dis 2021 Nov;27(8):2008-2025. Epub 2021 Oct 9 doi: 10.1111/odi.13980. PMID: 34324758

Recent systematic reviews

Critical update, systematic review, and meta-analysis of oral erythroplakia as an oral potentially malignant disorder.
Lorenzo-Pouso AI, Lafuente-Ibáñez de Mendoza I, Pérez-Sayáns M, Pérez-Jardón A, Chamorro-Petronacci CM, Blanco-Carrión A, Aguirre-Urízar JM
J Oral Pathol Med 2022 Aug;51(7):585-593. Epub 2022 May 12 doi: 10.1111/jop.13304. PMID: 35488780Free PMC Article
Clinical manifestations of oral proliferative verrucous leukoplakia: A systematic review.
Torrejon-Moya A, Jané-Salas E, López-López J
J Oral Pathol Med 2020 May;49(5):404-408. Epub 2020 Feb 9 doi: 10.1111/jop.12999. PMID: 31990082
Oral potentially malignant disorders: A comprehensive review on clinical aspects and management.
Warnakulasuriya S
Oral Oncol 2020 Mar;102:104550. Epub 2020 Jan 22 doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.104550. PMID: 31981993
Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: a systematic review of observational studies.
Warnakulasuriya S, Ariyawardana A
J Oral Pathol Med 2016 Mar;45(3):155-66. Epub 2015 Jul 20 doi: 10.1111/jop.12339. PMID: 26189354
Clinical application of micronucleus test in exfoliated buccal cells: A systematic review and metanalysis.
Bolognesi C, Bonassi S, Knasmueller S, Fenech M, Bruzzone M, Lando C, Ceppi M
Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res 2015 Oct-Dec;766:20-31. Epub 2015 Aug 5 doi: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2015.07.002. PMID: 26596545

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