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Elevated cholesterol ester level

MedGen UID:
713473
•Concept ID:
C1291155
•
Finding
Synonym: Increased cholesterol esters
SNOMED CT: Increased cholesterol esters (124054003); Cholesterol esters above reference range (124054003)
 
HPO: HP:0031211

Definition

An elevated concentration of circulating cholesterol esters, which are fatty acid esters of cholesterol and make up about two-thirds of total plasma cholesterol. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVElevated cholesterol ester level

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Advances in Treatment of Dyslipidemia.
Dybiec J, Baran W, Dąbek B, Fularski P, Młynarska E, Radzioch E, Rysz J, Franczyk B
Int J Mol Sci 2023 Aug 27;24(17) doi: 10.3390/ijms241713288. PMID: 37686091Free PMC Article
Advances in the management of dyslipidemia.
Kampangkaew J, Pickett S, Nambi V
Curr Opin Cardiol 2017 Jul;32(4):348-355. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000415. PMID: 28505047
Statin-associated muscle symptoms: impact on statin therapy-European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel Statement on Assessment, Aetiology and Management.
Stroes ES, Thompson PD, Corsini A, Vladutiu GD, Raal FJ, Ray KK, Roden M, Stein E, Tokgözoğlu L, Nordestgaard BG, Bruckert E, De Backer G, Krauss RM, Laufs U, Santos RD, Hegele RA, Hovingh GK, Leiter LA, Mach F, März W, Newman CB, Wiklund O, Jacobson TA, Catapano AL, Chapman MJ, Ginsberg HN; European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel
Eur Heart J 2015 May 1;36(17):1012-22. Epub 2015 Feb 18 doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv043. PMID: 25694464Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Elevated Lipoprotein(a): Background, Current Insights and Future Potential Therapies.
Handhle A, Viljoen A, Wierzbicki AS
Vasc Health Risk Manag 2021;17:527-542. Epub 2021 Sep 7 doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S266244. PMID: 34526771Free PMC Article
Managing dyslipidemia in patients with Type 2 diabetes.
Tomlinson B, Patil NG, Fok M, Lam CWK
Expert Opin Pharmacother 2021 Nov;22(16):2221-2234. Epub 2021 Jun 13 doi: 10.1080/14656566.2021.1912734. PMID: 33823719
The relationship between circulating lipids and breast cancer risk: A Mendelian randomization study.
Johnson KE, Siewert KM, Klarin D, Damrauer SM; VA Million Veteran Program, Chang KM, Tsao PS, Assimes TL, Maxwell KN, Voight BF
PLoS Med 2020 Sep;17(9):e1003302. Epub 2020 Sep 11 doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003302. PMID: 32915777Free PMC Article
Lipoprotein(a) and Cardiovascular Diseases　- Revisited.
Jang AY, Han SH, Sohn IS, Oh PC, Koh KK
Circ J 2020 May 25;84(6):867-874. Epub 2020 Apr 24 doi: 10.1253/circj.CJ-20-0051. PMID: 32336721
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction with Icosapent Ethyl for Hypertriglyceridemia.
Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Miller M, Brinton EA, Jacobson TA, Ketchum SB, Doyle RT Jr, Juliano RA, Jiao L, Granowitz C, Tardif JC, Ballantyne CM; REDUCE-IT Investigators
N Engl J Med 2019 Jan 3;380(1):11-22. Epub 2018 Nov 10 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1812792. PMID: 30415628

Diagnosis

Dyslipidemia and Risk of Preeclampsia: A Multiancestry Mendelian Randomization Study.
Hosier H, Lipkind HS, Rasheed H, DeWan AT, Rogne T
Hypertension 2023 May;80(5):1067-1076. Epub 2023 Mar 8 doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.20426. PMID: 36883459
Elevated Lipoprotein(a): Background, Current Insights and Future Potential Therapies.
Handhle A, Viljoen A, Wierzbicki AS
Vasc Health Risk Manag 2021;17:527-542. Epub 2021 Sep 7 doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S266244. PMID: 34526771Free PMC Article
Cholesterol and fatty acids regulate cysteine ubiquitylation of ACAT2 through competitive oxidation.
Wang YJ, Bian Y, Luo J, Lu M, Xiong Y, Guo SY, Yin HY, Lin X, Li Q, Chang CCY, Chang TY, Li BL, Song BL
Nat Cell Biol 2017 Jul;19(7):808-819. Epub 2017 Jun 12 doi: 10.1038/ncb3551. PMID: 28604676Free PMC Article
Statin-associated muscle symptoms: impact on statin therapy-European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel Statement on Assessment, Aetiology and Management.
Stroes ES, Thompson PD, Corsini A, Vladutiu GD, Raal FJ, Ray KK, Roden M, Stein E, Tokgözoğlu L, Nordestgaard BG, Bruckert E, De Backer G, Krauss RM, Laufs U, Santos RD, Hegele RA, Hovingh GK, Leiter LA, Mach F, März W, Newman CB, Wiklund O, Jacobson TA, Catapano AL, Chapman MJ, Ginsberg HN; European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel
Eur Heart J 2015 May 1;36(17):1012-22. Epub 2015 Feb 18 doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv043. PMID: 25694464Free PMC Article
Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency: diagnosis and treatment of Wolman and Cholesteryl Ester Storage Diseases.
Porto AF
Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2014 Sep;12 Suppl 1:125-32. PMID: 25345094

Therapy

Dyslipidemia and Risk of Preeclampsia: A Multiancestry Mendelian Randomization Study.
Hosier H, Lipkind HS, Rasheed H, DeWan AT, Rogne T
Hypertension 2023 May;80(5):1067-1076. Epub 2023 Mar 8 doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.20426. PMID: 36883459
Managing dyslipidemia in patients with Type 2 diabetes.
Tomlinson B, Patil NG, Fok M, Lam CWK
Expert Opin Pharmacother 2021 Nov;22(16):2221-2234. Epub 2021 Jun 13 doi: 10.1080/14656566.2021.1912734. PMID: 33823719
The relationship between circulating lipids and breast cancer risk: A Mendelian randomization study.
Johnson KE, Siewert KM, Klarin D, Damrauer SM; VA Million Veteran Program, Chang KM, Tsao PS, Assimes TL, Maxwell KN, Voight BF
PLoS Med 2020 Sep;17(9):e1003302. Epub 2020 Sep 11 doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003302. PMID: 32915777Free PMC Article
Lipoprotein(a) and Cardiovascular Diseases　- Revisited.
Jang AY, Han SH, Sohn IS, Oh PC, Koh KK
Circ J 2020 May 25;84(6):867-874. Epub 2020 Apr 24 doi: 10.1253/circj.CJ-20-0051. PMID: 32336721
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction with Icosapent Ethyl for Hypertriglyceridemia.
Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Miller M, Brinton EA, Jacobson TA, Ketchum SB, Doyle RT Jr, Juliano RA, Jiao L, Granowitz C, Tardif JC, Ballantyne CM; REDUCE-IT Investigators
N Engl J Med 2019 Jan 3;380(1):11-22. Epub 2018 Nov 10 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1812792. PMID: 30415628

Prognosis

Is cholesterol a risk factor for breast cancer incidence and outcome?
Ben Hassen C, Goupille C, Vigor C, Durand T, Guéraud F, Silvente-Poirot S, Poirot M, Frank PG
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023 Sep;232:106346. Epub 2023 Jun 13 doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106346. PMID: 37321513
Lipoprotein(a) and Cardiovascular Diseases　- Revisited.
Jang AY, Han SH, Sohn IS, Oh PC, Koh KK
Circ J 2020 May 25;84(6):867-874. Epub 2020 Apr 24 doi: 10.1253/circj.CJ-20-0051. PMID: 32336721
From HDL-cholesterol to HDL-function: cholesterol efflux capacity determinants.
Rhainds D, Tardif JC
Curr Opin Lipidol 2019 Apr;30(2):101-107. doi: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000589. PMID: 30672808
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction with Icosapent Ethyl for Hypertriglyceridemia.
Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Miller M, Brinton EA, Jacobson TA, Ketchum SB, Doyle RT Jr, Juliano RA, Jiao L, Granowitz C, Tardif JC, Ballantyne CM; REDUCE-IT Investigators
N Engl J Med 2019 Jan 3;380(1):11-22. Epub 2018 Nov 10 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1812792. PMID: 30415628
Triglycerides and coronary risk.
Gaziano JM
Curr Cardiol Rep 1999 Jul;1(2):125-30. doi: 10.1007/s11886-999-0070-4. PMID: 10980831

Clinical prediction guides

Inflammasome activation under high cholesterol load triggers a protective microglial phenotype while promoting neuronal pyroptosis.
de Dios C, Abadin X, Roca-Agujetas V, Jimenez-Martinez M, Morales A, Trullas R, Mari M, Colell A
Transl Neurodegener 2023 Mar 9;12(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s40035-023-00343-3. PMID: 36895045Free PMC Article
Dyslipidemia and Risk of Preeclampsia: A Multiancestry Mendelian Randomization Study.
Hosier H, Lipkind HS, Rasheed H, DeWan AT, Rogne T
Hypertension 2023 May;80(5):1067-1076. Epub 2023 Mar 8 doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.20426. PMID: 36883459
The relationship between circulating lipids and breast cancer risk: A Mendelian randomization study.
Johnson KE, Siewert KM, Klarin D, Damrauer SM; VA Million Veteran Program, Chang KM, Tsao PS, Assimes TL, Maxwell KN, Voight BF
PLoS Med 2020 Sep;17(9):e1003302. Epub 2020 Sep 11 doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003302. PMID: 32915777Free PMC Article
Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting Lipoprotein(a).
Langsted A, Nordestgaard BG
Curr Atheroscler Rep 2019 May 20;21(8):30. doi: 10.1007/s11883-019-0792-8. PMID: 31111240
Statin-associated muscle symptoms: impact on statin therapy-European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel Statement on Assessment, Aetiology and Management.
Stroes ES, Thompson PD, Corsini A, Vladutiu GD, Raal FJ, Ray KK, Roden M, Stein E, Tokgözoğlu L, Nordestgaard BG, Bruckert E, De Backer G, Krauss RM, Laufs U, Santos RD, Hegele RA, Hovingh GK, Leiter LA, Mach F, März W, Newman CB, Wiklund O, Jacobson TA, Catapano AL, Chapman MJ, Ginsberg HN; European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel
Eur Heart J 2015 May 1;36(17):1012-22. Epub 2015 Feb 18 doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv043. PMID: 25694464Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Efficacy and Safety of Evacetrapib for Modifying Plasma Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Sahebkar A, Simental-Mendía LE, Guerrero-Romero F, Golledge J, Watts GF
Curr Pharm Des 2016;22(5):595-608. doi: 10.2174/1381612822666151125000035. PMID: 26601964
The comparative efficacy of plant sterols and stanols on serum lipids: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Talati R, Sobieraj DM, Makanji SS, Phung OJ, Coleman CI
J Am Diet Assoc 2010 May;110(5):719-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2010.02.011. PMID: 20430133

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