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Leptospirosis

MedGen UID:
7309
•Concept ID:
C0023364
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Cane-cutter fever; Canicola fever; Hemorrhagic jaundice; Icterohemorrhagic fever; Mud fever; Rice-field fever; Stuttgart disease; Swamp fever; Swineherd's disease; Weil Disease
SNOMED CT: Leptospirosis (77377001); Infection due to Leptospira (77377001); Spirochetal jaundice (77377001); Cane cutter's fever (77377001); Harvest fever (77377001); Japanese autumnal fever (77377001); Queensland fever (77377001); Rice-field worker's disease (77377001)
Modes of inheritance:
Not genetically inherited
MedGen UID:
988794
•Concept ID:
CN307044
•
Finding
Source: Orphanet
clinical entity without genetic inheritance.
See: This record
Not genetically inherited (Orphanet)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005825
Orphanet: ORPHA509

Definition

Leptospirosis is an anthropozoonosis caused by spiral-shaped bacteria belonging to the genus Leptospira. Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonosis with a worldwide distribution and has emerged as a major public health problem in developing countries in South-East Asia and South America. [from ORDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVLeptospirosis
Follow this link to review classifications for Leptospirosis in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Updated ACVIM consensus statement on leptospirosis in dogs.
Sykes JE, Francey T, Schuller S, Stoddard RA, Cowgill LD, Moore GE
J Vet Intern Med 2023 Nov-Dec;37(6):1966-1982. Epub 2023 Oct 20 doi: 10.1111/jvim.16903. PMID: 37861061Free PMC Article
European consensus statement on leptospirosis in dogs and cats.
Schuller S, Francey T, Hartmann K, Hugonnard M, Kohn B, Nally JE, Sykes J
J Small Anim Pract 2015 Mar;56(3):159-79. doi: 10.1111/jsap.12328. PMID: 25754092
The management of leptospirosis.
Faucher JF, Hoen B, Estavoyer JM
Expert Opin Pharmacother 2004 Apr;5(4):819-27. doi: 10.1517/14656566.5.4.819. PMID: 15102566

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Updated ACVIM consensus statement on leptospirosis in dogs.
Sykes JE, Francey T, Schuller S, Stoddard RA, Cowgill LD, Moore GE
J Vet Intern Med 2023 Nov-Dec;37(6):1966-1982. Epub 2023 Oct 20 doi: 10.1111/jvim.16903. PMID: 37861061Free PMC Article
Leptospirosis.
Crecelius EM, Burnett MW
J Spec Oper Med 2020 Winter;20(4):121-122. doi: 10.55460/8YBJ-0DLP. PMID: 33320325
Leptospirosis: a neglected tropical zoonotic infection of public health importance-an updated review.
Karpagam KB, Ganesh B
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020 May;39(5):835-846. Epub 2020 Jan 2 doi: 10.1007/s10096-019-03797-4. PMID: 31898795
Leptospirosis in humans.
Haake DA, Levett PN
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2015;387:65-97. doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-45059-8_5. PMID: 25388133Free PMC Article
Leptospirosis.
Guerra MA
J Am Vet Med Assoc 2009 Feb 15;234(4):472-8, 430. doi: 10.2460/javma.234.4.472. PMID: 19222355

Diagnosis

Updated ACVIM consensus statement on leptospirosis in dogs.
Sykes JE, Francey T, Schuller S, Stoddard RA, Cowgill LD, Moore GE
J Vet Intern Med 2023 Nov-Dec;37(6):1966-1982. Epub 2023 Oct 20 doi: 10.1111/jvim.16903. PMID: 37861061Free PMC Article
Leptospirosis: clinical aspects.
Rajapakse S
Clin Med (Lond) 2022 Jan;22(1):14-17. doi: 10.7861/clinmed.2021-0784. PMID: 35078790Free PMC Article
Leptospirosis.
Crecelius EM, Burnett MW
J Spec Oper Med 2020 Winter;20(4):121-122. doi: 10.55460/8YBJ-0DLP. PMID: 33320325
Uncommon manifestation of leptospirosis: a diagnostic challenge.
Bhatt M, Rastogi N, Soneja M, Biswas A
BMJ Case Rep 2018 Oct 7;2018 doi: 10.1136/bcr-2018-225281. PMID: 30297490Free PMC Article
Leptospirosis.
Levett PN
Clin Microbiol Rev 2001 Apr;14(2):296-326. doi: 10.1128/CMR.14.2.296-326.2001. PMID: 11292640Free PMC Article

Therapy

Uncommon manifestation of leptospirosis: a diagnostic challenge.
Bhatt M, Rastogi N, Soneja M, Biswas A
BMJ Case Rep 2018 Oct 7;2018 doi: 10.1136/bcr-2018-225281. PMID: 30297490Free PMC Article
European consensus statement on leptospirosis in dogs and cats.
Schuller S, Francey T, Hartmann K, Hugonnard M, Kohn B, Nally JE, Sykes J
J Small Anim Pract 2015 Mar;56(3):159-79. doi: 10.1111/jsap.12328. PMID: 25754092
Leptospirosis.
Slack A
Aust Fam Physician 2010 Jul;39(7):495-8. PMID: 20628664
Leptospirosis.
Guerra MA
J Am Vet Med Assoc 2009 Feb 15;234(4):472-8, 430. doi: 10.2460/javma.234.4.472. PMID: 19222355
Leptospiral pneumonias.
Dolhnikoff M, Mauad T, Bethlem EP, Carvalho CR
Curr Opin Pulm Med 2007 May;13(3):230-5. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e3280f9df74. PMID: 17414132

Prognosis

Hemoperfusion in Leptospirosis.
Danguilan RA
Contrib Nephrol 2023;200:252-261. Epub 2023 Jun 1 doi: 10.1159/000527571. PMID: 37263231
Global Morbidity and Mortality of Leptospirosis: A Systematic Review.
Costa F, Hagan JE, Calcagno J, Kane M, Torgerson P, Martinez-Silveira MS, Stein C, Abela-Ridder B, Ko AI
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015;9(9):e0003898. Epub 2015 Sep 17 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003898. PMID: 26379143Free PMC Article
Leptospirosis.
Slack A
Aust Fam Physician 2010 Jul;39(7):495-8. PMID: 20628664
Ocular leptospirosis.
Rathinam SR
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2002 Dec;13(6):381-6. doi: 10.1097/00055735-200212000-00007. PMID: 12441841
Leptospirosis.
Rathinam SR, Namperumalsamy P
Ocul Immunol Inflamm 1999 Jun;7(2):109-18. doi: 10.1076/ocii.7.2.109.4020. PMID: 10420207

Clinical prediction guides

Overview of laboratory methods to diagnose Leptospirosis and to identify and to type leptospires.
Marquez A, Djelouadji Z, Lattard V, Kodjo A
Int Microbiol 2017 Dec;20(4):184-193. doi: 10.2436/20.1501.01.302. PMID: 29529330
Micronutrients and Leptospirosis: A Review of the Current Evidence.
Herman HS, Mehta S, Cárdenas WB, Stewart-Ibarra AM, Finkelstein JL
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016 Jul;10(7):e0004652. Epub 2016 Jul 7 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004652. PMID: 27387046Free PMC Article
Global Morbidity and Mortality of Leptospirosis: A Systematic Review.
Costa F, Hagan JE, Calcagno J, Kane M, Torgerson P, Martinez-Silveira MS, Stein C, Abela-Ridder B, Ko AI
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015;9(9):e0003898. Epub 2015 Sep 17 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003898. PMID: 26379143Free PMC Article
Cardiac involvement in leptospirosis.
Navinan MR, Rajapakse S
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2012 Sep;106(9):515-20. Epub 2012 Jul 19 doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.06.007. PMID: 22818758
Leptospirosis.
Slack A
Aust Fam Physician 2010 Jul;39(7):495-8. PMID: 20628664

Recent systematic reviews

A systematic review of human and animal leptospirosis in the Pacific Islands reveals pathogen and reservoir diversity.
Guernier V, Goarant C, Benschop J, Lau CL
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018 May;12(5):e0006503. Epub 2018 May 14 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006503. PMID: 29758037Free PMC Article
IgM ELISA for leptospirosis diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Rosa MI, Reis MFD, Simon C, Dondossola E, Alexandre MC, Colonetti T, Meller FO
Cien Saude Colet 2017 Dec;22(12):4001-4012. doi: 10.1590/1413-812320172212.14112016. PMID: 29267717
Global Morbidity and Mortality of Leptospirosis: A Systematic Review.
Costa F, Hagan JE, Calcagno J, Kane M, Torgerson P, Martinez-Silveira MS, Stein C, Abela-Ridder B, Ko AI
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015;9(9):e0003898. Epub 2015 Sep 17 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003898. PMID: 26379143Free PMC Article
A Systematic Review of the Mortality from Untreated Leptospirosis.
Taylor AJ, Paris DH, Newton PN
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015;9(6):e0003866. Epub 2015 Jun 25 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003866. PMID: 26110270Free PMC Article
Antibiotics for leptospirosis.
Brett-Major DM, Coldren R
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 Feb 15;(2):CD008264. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008264.pub2. PMID: 22336839

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