U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Streptomycin response

MedGen UID:
776646
Concept ID:
C1154708
Cell Function
Drug:
Streptomycin
MedGen UID:
20967
Concept ID:
C0038425
Antibiotic
An aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from Streptomyces griseus with antibacterial activity. Streptomycin irreversibly binds to the 16S rRNA and S12 protein within the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit. As a result, this agent interferes with the assembly of initiation complex between mRNA and the bacterial ribosome, thereby inhibiting the initiation of protein synthesis. In addition, streptomycin induces misreading of the mRNA template and causes translational frameshift, thereby results in premature termination. This eventually leads to bacterial cell death. [from NCI]
 
Genes (locations): MT-RNR1; MT-TS1; RNR1 (13p12); TRMU (22q13.31)

Definition

Aminoglycosides are widely used antibiotics which inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria by binding to bacterial 16S ribosomal subunits. Aminoglycosides are associated with a number of adverse events, including nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. The risk of aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity is increased in patients who carry certain variants in the MT-RNR1 gene. MT-RNR1 is found in the mitochondrial genome and encodes the 12S ribosomal subunit. Some MT-RNR1 variants cause the 12S subunit to more closely resemble the bacterial 16S subunit, which can lead to aminoglycoside molecules binding to the ribosome. This ultimately results in hearing loss due to cell death in the cochlea. The Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) have published recommendations on aminoglycoside use in patients carrying MT-RNR1 variants in the journal Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. These recommendations are also available on the CPIC and PharmGKB websites. [from PharmGKB]

Additional description

From GeneReviews
Mitochondrial nonsyndromic hearing loss and deafness is characterized by sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) of variable onset and severity. Pathogenic variants in MT-RNR1 can be associated with predisposition to aminoglycoside ototoxicity and/or late-onset SNHL. Hearing loss associated with aminoglycoside ototoxicity is bilateral and severe to profound, occurring within a few days to weeks after administration of any amount (even a single dose) of an aminoglycoside antibiotic such as gentamycin, tobramycin, amikacin, kanamycin, or streptomycin. Pathogenic variants in MT-TS1 are usually associated with childhood onset of SNHL that is generally nonsyndromic – although the MT-TS1 substitution m.7445A>G has been found in some families who also have palmoplantar keratoderma (scaling, hyperkeratosis, and honeycomb appearance of the skin of the palms, soles, and heels).

Term Hierarchy

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Van Der Werf TS, Barogui YT, Converse PJ, Phillips RO, Stienstra Y
Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020 Apr;13(4):391-401. Epub 2020 Apr 20 doi: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1752663. PMID: 32310683Free PMC Article
Durrheim DN, Belt EL
S Afr Med J 1996 Oct;86(10):1293-4. PMID: 8955740
Williams RE
J R Coll Physicians Lond 1972 Jan;6(2):147-50. PMID: 5066852Free PMC Article

Curated

DailyMed Drug Label, STREPTOMYCIN, 2013

Recent systematic reviews

Verrest L, Wilthagen EA, Beijnen JH, Huitema ADR, Dorlo TPC
Clin Pharmacokinet 2021 Sep;60(9):1149-1169. Epub 2021 Jun 1 doi: 10.1007/s40262-021-01031-z. PMID: 34060020Free PMC Article
Fleck-Derderian S, Nelson CA, Cooley KM, Russell Z, Godfred-Cato S, Oussayef NL, Oduyebo T, Rasmussen SA, Jamieson DJ, Meaney-Delman D
Clin Infect Dis 2020 May 21;70(70 Suppl 1):S30-S36. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz1228. PMID: 32435806
Nelson CA, Fleck-Derderian S, Cooley KM, Meaney-Delman D, Becksted HA, Russell Z, Renaud B, Bertherat E, Mead PS
Clin Infect Dis 2020 May 21;70(70 Suppl 1):S3-S10. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz1226. PMID: 32435802
Yotsu RR, Richardson M, Ishii N
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Aug 23;8(8):CD012118. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012118.pub2. PMID: 30136733Free PMC Article

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Curated

    Consumer resources

    Recent activity

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...