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Microtia, second degree

MedGen UID:
892536
Concept ID:
C4020797
Anatomical Abnormality
Synonyms: Cockleshell ear; Constricted helix type IV; Ear, grade II dysplasia; Mini ear; Severe cupped ear, type III; Shell ear; Snail ear
 
HPO: HP:0008569

Definition

Median longitudinal length of the ear more than two standard deviations below the mean in the presence of some, but not all, parts of the normal ear. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVMicrotia, second degree

Conditions with this feature

Peters plus syndrome
MedGen UID:
163204
Concept ID:
C0796012
Disease or Syndrome
Peters plus syndrome is characterized by anterior chamber eye anomalies, short limbs with broad distal extremities, characteristic facial features, cleft lip/palate, and variable developmental delay / intellectual disability. The most common anterior chamber defect is Peters' anomaly, consisting of central corneal clouding, thinning of the posterior cornea, and iridocorneal adhesions. Cataracts and glaucoma are common. Developmental delay is observed in about 80% of children; intellectual disability can range from mild to severe.
Craniofacial microsomia 2
MedGen UID:
1830923
Concept ID:
C5781610
Congenital Abnormality
Most patients with craniofacial microsomia-2 (CFM2) exhibit isolated unilateral or bilateral grade III microtia, with or without aural atresia, although some patients exhibit only minor external ear defects. Mandibular hypoplasia, micrognathia, and dental anomalies have also been observed (Quiat et al., 2023; Mao et al., 2023). For a general phenotypic description and discussion of genetic heterogeneity of craniofacial microsomia, see CFM1 (164210).

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Lee KT, Oh KS
Plast Reconstr Surg 2018 Apr;141(4):993-1001. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004234. PMID: 29595733
Zhao S, Li D, Liu Z, Wang Y, Liu L, Jiang D, Pan B
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2018 Apr;71(4):518-523. Epub 2017 Oct 20 doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2017.10.010. PMID: 29169692
Yamauchi M, Yotsuyanagi T, Ikeda K, Yoshikawa M, Urushidate S, Mikami M, Kamo K
J Plast Surg Hand Surg 2012 Oct;46(5):330-4. doi: 10.3109/2000656X.2012.700018. PMID: 22998146
Siegert R
Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2010;68:95-107. Epub 2010 May 3 doi: 10.1159/000314565. PMID: 20442564
Siegert R
Laryngoscope 2003 Nov;113(11):2021-7; discussion 2028-9. doi: 10.1097/00005537-200311000-00031. PMID: 14603067

Diagnosis

Zhao S, Li D, Liu Z, Wang Y, Liu L, Jiang D, Pan B
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2018 Apr;71(4):518-523. Epub 2017 Oct 20 doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2017.10.010. PMID: 29169692
Bogusiak K, Arkuszewski P, Skorek-Stachnik K, Kozakiewicz M
J Craniofac Surg 2014 Jan;25(1):177-83. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000000387. PMID: 24406574
Jin L, Hao S, Fu Y, Zhang T, Wang Z
Turk J Pediatr 2010 Nov-Dec;52(6):582-7. PMID: 21428189
Stoll C, Viville B, Treisser A, Gasser B
Am J Med Genet 1998 Jul 24;78(4):345-9. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19980724)78:4<345::aid-ajmg8>3.0.co;2-k. PMID: 9714437
Hutchinson JC Jr, Caldarelli DD, Valvassori GE, Pruzansky S, Parris PJ
Trans Sect Otolaryngol Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1977 May-Jun;84(3 Pt 2):ORL520-8. PMID: 888269

Therapy

Yamauchi M, Yotsuyanagi T, Ikeda K, Yoshikawa M, Urushidate S, Mikami M, Kamo K
J Plast Surg Hand Surg 2012 Oct;46(5):330-4. doi: 10.3109/2000656X.2012.700018. PMID: 22998146

Prognosis

Lee KT, Oh KS
Plast Reconstr Surg 2018 Apr;141(4):993-1001. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004234. PMID: 29595733
Siegert R
Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2010;68:95-107. Epub 2010 May 3 doi: 10.1159/000314565. PMID: 20442564
Uezono S, Holzman RS, Goto T, Nakata Y, Nagata S, Morita S
Paediatr Anaesth 2001 Jul;11(4):409-13. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.2001.00683.x. PMID: 11442856
Lambert PR
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1988 Nov-Dec;97(6 Pt 1):641-9. doi: 10.1177/000348948809700612. PMID: 3202566
Hutchinson JC Jr, Caldarelli DD, Valvassori GE, Pruzansky S, Parris PJ
Trans Sect Otolaryngol Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1977 May-Jun;84(3 Pt 2):ORL520-8. PMID: 888269

Clinical prediction guides

Bogusiak K, Arkuszewski P, Skorek-Stachnik K, Kozakiewicz M
J Craniofac Surg 2014 Jan;25(1):177-83. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000000387. PMID: 24406574
Siegert R
Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2010;68:95-107. Epub 2010 May 3 doi: 10.1159/000314565. PMID: 20442564
Siegert R
Laryngoscope 2003 Nov;113(11):2021-7; discussion 2028-9. doi: 10.1097/00005537-200311000-00031. PMID: 14603067
Uezono S, Holzman RS, Goto T, Nakata Y, Nagata S, Morita S
Paediatr Anaesth 2001 Jul;11(4):409-13. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.2001.00683.x. PMID: 11442856
Stoll C, Viville B, Treisser A, Gasser B
Am J Med Genet 1998 Jul 24;78(4):345-9. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19980724)78:4<345::aid-ajmg8>3.0.co;2-k. PMID: 9714437

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