U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Spastic cerebral palsy

MedGen UID:
137905
•Concept ID:
C0338596
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Cerebral Palsy, Spastic; Spastic Cerebral Palsies; Spastic Cerebral Palsy
SNOMED CT: Pyramidal cerebral palsy (230773005); Congenital spastic paralysis (230773005); Spastic infantile paralysis (230773005); Little's disease (230773005); Infantile spastic cerebral palsy (230773005); Congenital spastic cerebral palsy (230773005); Spastic cerebral palsy (230773005)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0000396

Definition

A type of cerebral palsy defined by increased tone and pathological reflexes resulting in an abnormal pattern of movement and posture. [from SNOMEDCT_US]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • Spastic cerebral palsy

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Tone Reduction and Physical Therapy: Strengthening Partners in Treatment of Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy.
Franki I, Bar-On L, Molenaers G, Van Campenhout A, Craenen K, Desloovere K, Feys H, Pauwels P, De Cat J, Ortibus E
Neuropediatrics 2020 Apr;51(2):89-104. Epub 2019 Nov 27 doi: 10.1055/s-0039-3400987. PMID: 31777043
Effectiveness of Oral Baclofen in the Treatment of Spasticity in Children and Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy.
Navarrete-Opazo AA, Gonzalez W, Nahuelhual P
Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2016 Apr;97(4):604-618. Epub 2015 Aug 28 doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2015.08.417. PMID: 26321489
Selection of treatment modalities in children with spastic cerebral palsy.
Steinbok P
Neurosurg Focus 2006 Aug 15;21(2):e4. doi: 10.3171/foc.2006.21.2.5. PMID: 16918225

Recent clinical studies

Therapy

Effects of 8 weeks functional training programme on posture control and functional mobility in spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy.
Gulzar A, Waris M; Qurat Ul Ain
J Pak Med Assoc 2022 Jul;72(7):1278-1281. doi: 10.47391/JPMA.3476. PMID: 36156543
Acute Effects of Static and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching of the Plantar Flexors on Ankle Range of Motion and Muscle-Tendon Behavior in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy-A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Kruse A, Habersack A, Jaspers RT, Schrapf N, Weide G, Svehlik M, Tilp M
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Sep 15;19(18) doi: 10.3390/ijerph191811599. PMID: 36141875Free PMC Article
Effect of muscle strength training in children and adolescents with spastic cerebral palsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Merino-Andrés J, García de Mateos-López A, Damiano DL, Sánchez-Sierra A
Clin Rehabil 2022 Jan;36(1):4-14. Epub 2021 Aug 18 doi: 10.1177/02692155211040199. PMID: 34407619Free PMC Article
Randomised trial of virtual reality gaming and physiotherapy on balance, gross motor performance and daily functions among children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy.
Jha KK, Karunanithi GB, Sahana A, Karthikbabu S
Somatosens Mot Res 2021 Jun;38(2):117-126. Epub 2021 Mar 3 doi: 10.1080/08990220.2021.1876016. PMID: 33655813
Pediatric aquatic therapy on motor function and enjoyment in children diagnosed with cerebral palsy of various motor severities.
Lai CJ, Liu WY, Yang TF, Chen CL, Wu CY, Chan RC
J Child Neurol 2015 Feb;30(2):200-8. Epub 2014 Jun 5 doi: 10.1177/0883073814535491. PMID: 24907137

Prognosis

Tendon transfer in spastic cerebral palsy upper limb.
Gerami H, Shahcheraghi GH, Javid M
J Pediatr Orthop B 2024 Sep 1;33(5):507-514. Epub 2023 Dec 29 doi: 10.1097/BPB.0000000000001137. PMID: 38189782
Early predictors of neurodevelopment after perinatal arterial ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Baak LM, van der Aa NE, Verhagen AAE, Dudink J, Groenendaal F, Nijboer CHA, Benders MJNL, Wagenaar N
Pediatr Res 2023 Jul;94(1):20-33. Epub 2022 Dec 27 doi: 10.1038/s41390-022-02433-w. PMID: 36575364
Discrimination between hereditary spastic paraplegia and cerebral palsy based on gait analysis data: A machine learning approach.
MacWilliams BA, Carroll KL, Stotts AK, Kerr LM, Schwartz MH
Gait Posture 2022 Oct;98:34-38. Epub 2022 Aug 17 doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.08.011. PMID: 36041285
Relevant factors of self-care in children and adolescents with spastic cerebral palsy.
Kusumoto Y, Takaki K, Matsuda T, Nitta O
PLoS One 2021;16(7):e0254899. Epub 2021 Jul 21 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254899. PMID: 34288946Free PMC Article
Impaired Voluntary Movement Control and Its Rehabilitation in Cerebral Palsy.
Gordon AM
Adv Exp Med Biol 2016;957:291-311. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-47313-0_16. PMID: 28035572

Clinical prediction guides

Acute Effects of Static and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching of the Plantar Flexors on Ankle Range of Motion and Muscle-Tendon Behavior in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy-A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Kruse A, Habersack A, Jaspers RT, Schrapf N, Weide G, Svehlik M, Tilp M
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Sep 15;19(18) doi: 10.3390/ijerph191811599. PMID: 36141875Free PMC Article
Effect of position on gross motor function and spasticity in spastic cerebral palsy children.
Rauf W, Sarmad S, Khan I, Jawad M
J Pak Med Assoc 2021 Mar;71(3):801-805. doi: 10.47391/JPMA.1213. PMID: 34057924
Randomised trial of virtual reality gaming and physiotherapy on balance, gross motor performance and daily functions among children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy.
Jha KK, Karunanithi GB, Sahana A, Karthikbabu S
Somatosens Mot Res 2021 Jun;38(2):117-126. Epub 2021 Mar 3 doi: 10.1080/08990220.2021.1876016. PMID: 33655813
Pediatric aquatic therapy on motor function and enjoyment in children diagnosed with cerebral palsy of various motor severities.
Lai CJ, Liu WY, Yang TF, Chen CL, Wu CY, Chan RC
J Child Neurol 2015 Feb;30(2):200-8. Epub 2014 Jun 5 doi: 10.1177/0883073814535491. PMID: 24907137
Effects of hippotherapy on gross motor function and functional performance of children with cerebral palsy.
Park ES, Rha DW, Shin JS, Kim S, Jung S
Yonsei Med J 2014 Nov;55(6):1736-42. doi: 10.3349/ymj.2014.55.6.1736. PMID: 25323914Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Effects of Nonimmersive Virtual Reality Intervention on Children With Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review.
Wang N, Liu N, Liu S, Gao Y
Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2023 Dec 1;102(12):1130-1138. Epub 2023 Aug 3 doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000002321. PMID: 37535642
The Impact of Functional Strength Training on Muscle Strength and Mobility in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Shilesh K, Karthikbabu S, Rao PT
Dev Neurorehabil 2023 May;26(4):262-277. Epub 2023 May 30 doi: 10.1080/17518423.2023.2218905. PMID: 37254274
Effect of muscle strength training in children and adolescents with spastic cerebral palsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Merino-Andrés J, García de Mateos-López A, Damiano DL, Sánchez-Sierra A
Clin Rehabil 2022 Jan;36(1):4-14. Epub 2021 Aug 18 doi: 10.1177/02692155211040199. PMID: 34407619Free PMC Article
Motor Cortex Plasticity in Children With Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review.
de Almeida Carvalho Duarte N, Collange Grecco LA, Zanon N, Galli M, Fregni F, Santos Oliveira C
J Mot Behav 2017 Jul-Aug;49(4):355-364. Epub 2016 Oct 18 doi: 10.1080/00222895.2016.1219310. PMID: 27754798
Gross muscle morphology and structure in spastic cerebral palsy: a systematic review.
Barrett RS, Lichtwark GA
Dev Med Child Neurol 2010 Sep;52(9):794-804. Epub 2010 Apr 30 doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2010.03686.x. PMID: 20477832

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Consumer resources

    Reviews

    Related information

    • ClinVar
      Related medical variations
    • MeSH
      Related Medical Subject Headings
    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...