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| Status |
Public on May 22, 2020 |
| Title |
Auxin treatment of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) berries delays ripening onset by inhibiting cell expansion |
| Organism |
Vitis vinifera |
| Experiment type |
Expression profiling by array
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| Summary |
Auxin treatment of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) berries delays ripening by inducing changes in gene expression and cell wall metabolism and could combat some deleterious climate change effects. Auxins are inhibitors of grape berry ripening and their application may be useful to delay harvest to counter effects of climate change. However, little is known about how this delay occurs. The expression of 1892 genes was significantly changed compared to the control during a 48 h time-course where the auxin 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was applied to pre-veraison grape berries. Principal component analysis showed that the control and auxin-treated samples were most different at 3 h post-treatment when approximately three times more genes were induced than repressed by NAA. There was considerable cross-talk between hormone pathways, particularly between those of auxin and ethylene. Decreased expression of genes encoding putative cell wall catabolic enzymes (including those involved with pectin) and increased expression of putative cellulose synthases indicated that auxins may preserve cell wall structure. This was confirmed by immunochemical labelling of berry sections using antibodies that detect homogalacturonan (LM19) and methyl-esterified homogalacturonan (LM20) and by labelling with the CMB3a cellulose-binding module. Comparison of the auxin-induced changes in gene expression with the pattern of these genes during berry ripening showed that the effect on transcription is a mix of changes that may specifically alter the progress of berry development in a targeted manner and others that could be considered as non-specific changes. Several lines of evidence suggest that cell wall changes and associated berry softening are the first steps in ripening and that delaying cell expansion can delay ripening providing a possible mechanism for the observed auxin effects.
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| Overall design |
From a vineyard in the Adelaide Hills (Hahndorf, South Australia, -35.018223, 138.838220) 40 bunches at the pre-veraison stage were harvested from ten vines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Shiraz). Fruit was harvested on 21 Dec 2009, 35 days before veraison. Bunches were harvested between 09:00 and 10:00 and rapidly transported to the lab for use. Randomly picked berries from the sampled bunches were sterilized in 0.1% (v/v) Chemwet 1000 (Nufarm, Laverton, VIC, Australia) containing half a Milton antibacterial tablet L-1 (Milton Australia, Laverton North, Victoria) for 10 min and washed three times with sterile nanopure water. A thin transverse slice of each berry was cut off from the brush area to facilitate compound absorption. Twenty berries were then placed on each petri dish containing 25 mL of Gamborg media, 0.025% (w/v) casein hydrosylate, 0.8% (w/v) agar, pH 5.7-5.8 alone (‘Control’) or also containing 0.5uM NAA (Gibo BRL Life Technologies, Grand Island, NJ, ‘NAA-treated’). Each plate constituted a replicate and three replicates per treatment per time point were used. Berries were placed on the plates with the cut surface facing the agar, the plates were sealed with Parafilm and kept in the dark at room temperature. Berries were harvested at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48h after placement on the media, wiped to remove agar, deseeded and frozen in liquid nitrogen.
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| Contributor(s) |
Dal Santo S, Tucker MR, Tan H, Burbidge CA, Fasoli M, Böttcher C, Boss PK, Pezzotti M, Davies C |
| Citation(s) |
32043226 |
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| Submission date |
Jun 05, 2019 |
| Last update date |
Aug 25, 2020 |
| Contact name |
Silvia Dal Santo |
| E-mail(s) |
silvia.dalsanto@univr.it
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| Organization name |
University of Verona
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| Department |
Department of Biotechnology
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| Street address |
Strada Le Grazie, 15
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| City |
Verona |
| ZIP/Postal code |
37134 |
| Country |
Italy |
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| Platforms (1) |
| GPL17894 |
NimbleGen 090918 Vitus vinifera exp HX12 [090918_Vitus_exp; GENE_CALL_ID version] |
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| Samples (30)
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| Relations |
| BioProject |
PRJNA547064 |
| Supplementary file |
Size |
Download |
File type/resource |
| GSE132262_RAW.tar |
71.7 Mb |
(http)(custom) |
TAR (of PAIR) |
| Processed data included within Sample table |
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