Determination of significant differential expression was undertaken with analysis of variance (ANOVA) style models. From the ideas provided by Kerr and Churchill (2001) and Wolfinger, et al. (2001), and based on the specific design of this experiment, the following ANOVA models were constructed:
In model (1), y is the logarithm (base 2) of the intensity for a particular spot. L, T and D are global effects due to differences in lines (Mo17 and B73), treatments (control and UV exposure) and dyes, respectively, while LT represents interaction between lines and treatments. The AD interaction term is present as suggested by Wolfinger et al. to account for intensity scaling done on the two channels. The nested term, A(L), accounts for variation across replicate arrays in a slightly different fashion than that set forth in Kerr and Churchill's ANOVA models. Their approach considered connected designs; however, in this experiment, lines are not connected because no array has samples from two different lines hybridized to it. The output from model (1) is given in the file "standardized".Model (2) takes residuals from model (1) as normalized response values and includes gene specific effects. Additionally, it models replicate spot variation via the GS(A) term. Both models were fit using the SAS/STAT® software's MIXED procedure, with model (2) being fit gene by gene. Observed significance levels for all effects tests were adjusted for multiplicity of testing by use of the Sidak method. Significance was assessed based on an experiment-wise significance level of 0.05. The levels of expression of the SP10 negative controls were used to determine the log-ratio level for expression above background. All cDNAs with all levels below the SP10 median were set to background, thus diminishing their influence on the final list of genes. Ten genes, that may have been otherwise called significant, were removed from the 5366 total using this criterion. There are still 201 genes with at least one very low level; however, these were retained for significance testing as some may have significant expression level alterations in one line or condition. There were six cDNAs with significant differences between lines but not interaction or treatment; these genes were not analyzed further. A table of summary information for all genes is included as Table S1. Cluster analysis on gene expression levels was performed using the SAS v. 8 Enterprise Miner software Cluster node, using the default settings except for specifying input cluster number as equal to the total sample number. Clustering was performed separately on genes significant by interaction (Table S2) and genes significant by treatment (Table S3); the output cluster number is listed for each gene name in these tables.
The entire model (1) output file can be obtained by within the citation below.
Split-plot microarray design allows sensitive detection of expression differences after ultraviolet radiation in the inbred parental lines of a key maize mapping population. BLUM, J. E.1; CASATI, P.2; WALBOT, V.2; STAPLETON, A. E. Plant, Cell & Environment, Volume 27, Number 11, November 2004 , pp. 1374-1386(13). DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01230.x.
Table S1. All Genes That Passed Quality Control Standardized log2 median data after evaluation of Model (2) is shown; B73 and Mo17 ratios are median UV minus median control header descriptions
name (control ID number or Genbank number)
B73 control median log2 expression level
B73 UV median log2 expression level
Mo17 control median log2 expression level
M017 UV median log2 expression level
treatment P value
line P value
interaction P value
significance call
ratio B73 expression (control-UV)
ratio Mo17expression (control-UV)
TUC ID
Homolog1 PID
Homolog1 Desccription
Homolog 1 Species
Homolog2 PID
Homolog2 Description
Homolog2 Species
Homolog3 PID
Homolog3 Description
Homolog3 Species
Data table
name (control ID number or Genbank number)
B73 control median log2 expression level
B73 UV median log2 expression level
Mo17 control median log2 expression level
M017 UV median log2 expression level
treatment P value
line P value
interaction P value
significance call
ratio B73 expression (control-UV)
ratio Mo17expression (control-UV)
TUC ID
Homolog1 PID
Homolog1 Desccription
Homolog 1 Species
Homolog2 PID
Homolog2 Description
Homolog2 Species
Homolog3 PID
Homolog3 Description
Homolog3 Species
AI649528
-0.894013669
-0.787597191
-1.039641054
-1.334756913
0.962366328
1
0.002054712
interaction
0.106416478
-0.295115859
AI855296
2.08020197
2.122113872
-1.630711197
-2.087207863
0.330866096
1
0.000210169
interaction
0.041911902
-0.456496666
ZMtuc03-08-11.6542
AI947648
-2.600460083
-2.529414291
-2.504908655
-2.631563091
1
1
0.009379088
interaction
0.071045793
-0.126654436
ZMtuc03-08-11.18719
AI947977
-2.999748535
-2.918620398
-2.64448605
-3.022108155
0.078268104
1
0.006397473
interaction
0.081128137
-0.377622105
ZMtuc03-04-07.12014
AI948033
-2.178241571
-1.824936525
-2.339733259
-2.587048296
1
1
1.72196E-08
interaction
0.353305046
-0.247315037
ZMtuc03-08-11.3288
O-methyltransferase
Zea mays
Putative o-methyltransferase ZRP4
Oryza sativa
Putative to o-methyltransferase ...
Oryza sativa
AI948047
-2.238326613
-2.356790448
-2.215426235
-2.481409285
0.990554943
1
0.007798367
interaction
-0.118463835
-0.26598305
AI948163
-2.332803495
-2.247472714
-2.420404542
-2.603365228
1
1
0.008635237
interaction
0.085330781
-0.182960685
Q8S052
P0678F11.26 protein
Oryza sativa
OJ1485_B09.3
Oryza sativa
P0678F11.32
Oryza sativa
AW062052
0.580658281
0.691606201
-2.39549755
-2.997139055
0.999999843
1
0.011752451
interaction
0.110947919
-0.601641505
ZMtuc03-08-11.6571
Psst70
Pisum sativum
70 kDa heat shock protein
Pisum sativum
heat shock protein 70
Triticum aestivum
AW066000
-0.228603038
-0.089867909
-1.351740352
-1.524728297
1
1
0.000610977
interaction
0.138735129
-0.172987945
ZMtuc03-08-11.28761
hypothetical protein~similar to ...
Oryza sativa
unnamed protein product
Solanum tuberosum
putative protein
Arabidopsis thaliana
AW191188
-2.817416248
-2.651850241
-2.411972302
-2.741132567
1
1
0.004896529
interaction
0.165566007
-0.329160265
ZMtuc03-08-11.25318
putative protein kinase
Oryza sativa
serinethreonine-protein kinase-l...
Arabidopsis thaliana
putative serine threonine-protei...
Arabidopsis thaliana
AW191426
-0.957881605
-0.464622371
-2.022428872
-2.379029896
1
1
4.72299E-06
interaction
0.493259234
-0.356601024
ZMtuc03-08-11.13187
AW191766
-0.852652702
-0.686353568
-2.285053252
-2.633351903
0.338859589
1
0.000379671
interaction
0.166299134
-0.34829865
ZMtuc03-08-11.26809
AW215932
-0.589794504
-0.471592001
-2.275823864
-2.97057877
1
1
0.007571685
interaction
0.118202504
-0.694754906
ZMtuc03-08-11.23232
AW216013
-2.804482352
-2.694345106
-2.573281445
-2.725245321
1
1
0.003649094
interaction
0.110137246
-0.151963877
AW216078
0.381460085
0.679151585
-1.056554685
-1.277862582
1
1
0.015657649
interaction
0.297691499
-0.221307897
ZMtuc03-04-07.8032
protein phosphatase 2A regulator...
Lolium perenne
protein phosphatase 2A A subunit
Oryza sativa
phosphatase 2A regulatory A subu...
Oryza sativa
AW216255
-0.63559673
-0.003302946
-1.48211385
-1.16549507
0.970924453
1
0.013243116
interaction
0.632293783
0.31661878
ZMtuc03-08-11.5750
OJ1081_B12.5
Oryza sativa
F1N21.14
Arabidopsis thaliana
At1g67325
Arabidopsis thaliana
AW224892
0.898210338
1.213185995
-0.845843705
-1.421632317
1
1
0.000471544
interaction
0.314975656
-0.575788612
P29193
"Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, housek"
Saccharum sp.
Q8S0I7
Putative phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (E
Oryza sativa
O23946
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 1 (EC 4.1.1
Gossypium hirsutum
AW224973
-2.708845094
-2.449453633
-2.459078697
-2.624320053
0.365985804
1
2.65E-07
interaction
0.259391461
-0.165241356
AW224979
-2.483944325
-2.335733252
-2.255271069
-2.549726546
1
1
1.14778E-05
interaction
0.148211073
-0.294455477
ZMtuc03-08-11.1372
putative RNA-binding like protein
Oryza sativa
putative RNA-binding like protein
Oryza sativa
RNA-binding like protein
Arabidopsis thaliana
AW231441
-1.703639133
-1.780689782
-2.006878304
-2.365479821
0.776938365
1
0.000921059
interaction
-0.077050649
-0.358601517
zein
Zea mays
zein
Zea mays
19kD alpha zein B3
Zea mays
Total number of rows: 5366
Table truncated, full table size 989 Kbytes.
Table S2. Manually Classified List of Genes Significant by Interaction and Treatment Interaction header descriptions
CLONE_ID
B73control log2 median
B73UV log2 median
Mo17control log2 median
Mo17UV log2 median
interaction P value
significance call
ratio B73 expression levels (UV minus control)
ratio Mo17 expression levels (UV minus contol)
line difference in expression change (ratio B73 minus ratio Mo17)
TUC_ID
Homolog1_PID
Homolog1_Desc
Homolog1_Species
Cluster Number
Data table
CLONE_ID
B73control log2 median
B73UV log2 median
Mo17control log2 median
Mo17UV log2 median
interaction P value
significance call
ratio B73 expression levels (UV minus control)
ratio Mo17 expression levels (UV minus contol)
line difference in expression change (ratio B73 minus ratio Mo17)
TUC_ID
Homolog1_PID
Homolog1_Desc
Homolog1_Species
Cluster Number
Total manually classified: 63
Translation:5
BE128853
-2.764788787
-2.729014467
-2.275107577
-2.579094142
1.87039E-05
treatment interaction
0.03577432
-0.303986565
0.339760885
ZMtuc02-12-23.6682
ribosomal protein L30
Argopecten irradians
6
AW787726
-0.572374758
-1.52569967
-0.42596059
-0.756993624
0.00491014
treatment interaction
-0.953324911
-0.331033035
-0.622291876
ZMtuc03-08-11.12821
putative chloroplast 50S ribosom...
Oryza sativa
13
AW066279
0.201089191
-1.035730865
0.764769865
-0.080553648
0.006343343
treatment interaction
-1.236820057
-0.845323513
-0.391496544
ZMtuc03-08-11.25607
chloroplast ribosomal L1-like pr...
Arabidopsis thaliana
13
AW147172
1.068360206
2.58970672
1.355807957
2.478318404
0.000757644
treatment interaction
1.521346514
1.122510447
0.398836067
protein disulfide isomerase
Zea mays
12
AW352521
-0.119198007
-1.299987392
0.281072829
0.007040176
1.41349E-06
treatment interaction
-1.180789385
-0.274032652
-0.906756733
ZMtuc02-12-23.8031
chloroplast RelA homologue 2
Oryza sativa
13
Metabolism: 13
AW331644
-3.569364277
-1.445633649
-2.915778228
-3.063030624
5.17162E-10
treatment interaction
2.123730628
-0.147252396
2.270983023
ZMtuc03-08-11.10115
putative UDP-glucose dehydrogenase
Oryza sativa
2
AW313328
1.305333415
0.148960829
1.384074927
1.20025372
2.88099E-06
treatment interaction
-1.156372586
-0.183821206
-0.97255138
ZMtuc03-08-11.22398
Q41739
"Thiazole biosynthetic enzyme 1-2, chlor"
Zea mays
11
AW356013
1.148744777
0.385473767
1.232241589
1.211118521
0.006400737
treatment interaction
-0.76327101
-0.021123068
-0.742147942
ZMtuc03-08-11.22399
thiamine biosynthetic enzyme
Zea mays
11
AW360565
0.158441738
0.467788049
-1.03023439
-1.378199208
0.009243396
interaction
0.309346312
-0.347964818
0.65731113
putative stearoyl-acyl-carrier p...
Oryza sativa
16
AW225182
-0.187838326
-1.350677227
-0.182125728
-0.562737535
0.004049456
treatment interaction
-1.162838901
-0.380611807
-0.782227094
ZMtuc03-08-11.13029
putative aspartate aminotransfer...
Oryza sativa
13
AW455631
1.024323218
0.232357005
0.347784186
0.841517991
7.65898E-05
interaction
-0.791966213
0.493733805
-1.285700018
ZMtuc03-08-11.22545
putative alanine transaminase
Oryza sativa
11
AW224892
0.898210338
1.213185995
-0.845843705
-1.421632317
0.000471544
interaction
0.314975656
-0.575788612
0.890764269
P29193
"Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, housek"
Saccharum sp.
8
AW216244
-0.93226785
-0.037541004
-0.599691129
-0.580448023
3.74541E-06
treatment interaction
0.894726847
0.019243106
0.875483741
ZMtuc03-08-11.6650
NADH dependent Glutamate Synthase
Oryza sativa
7
AW424534
0.816833458
0.03318335
0.638759121
0.45126771
3.71631E-08
treatment interaction
-0.783650108
-0.187491411
-0.596158697
chloroplastic aldolase
Oryza sativa
13
BE056237
-1.160189205
-1.279673511
-0.734814191
-0.486228855
0.014055502
interaction
-0.119484306
0.248585336
-0.368069643
ZMtuc02-12-23.6638
"2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, E1..."
Arabidopsis thaliana
4
AW330974
0.758770703
0.186755483
0.78704823
0.743666264
0.009779814
treatment interaction
-0.57201522
-0.043381966
-0.528633254
aldolase
Oryza sativa
11
AW787230
-1.411853004
-0.871121187
-1.007500862
-1.005458084
0.004215304
treatment interaction
0.540731817
0.002042778
0.53868904
aldehyde dehydrogenase
Oryza sativa
4
Total number of rows: 179
Table truncated, full table size 27 Kbytes.
Table S3. Manually Classified List of Genes Significant by Treatment header descriptions
CLONE_ID
B73control log2 median
B73UV log2 median
Mo17control log2 median
Mo17UV log2 median
treatment P value
significance call
ratio B73 expression levels (UV minus control)
ratio Mo17 expression levels (UV minus contol)
line difference in expression change (ratio B73 minus ratio Mo17)
TUC_ID
Homolog1_PID
Homolog1_Desc
Homolog1_Species
Cluster Number
Data table
CLONE_ID
B73control log2 median
B73UV log2 median
Mo17control log2 median
Mo17UV log2 median
treatment P value
significance call
ratio B73 expression levels (UV minus control)
ratio Mo17 expression levels (UV minus contol)
line difference in expression change (ratio B73 minus ratio Mo17)