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Positive urine barbiturate test

MedGen UID:
1671110
•Concept ID:
C4732880
•
Finding
HPO: HP:0500109

Definition

Detection of barbiturate metabolites such as Phenobarbital in urine. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVPositive urine barbiturate test

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Performance of an on-site urine multidrug test used by forensic physicians in determining the cause of death.
Bisch A, Ceelen M, Dorn T, Reijnders U, van den Hondel K, Stomp J, Burger JD, Franssen E
J Forensic Leg Med 2022 May;88:102346. Epub 2022 Apr 1 doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2022.102346. PMID: 35417849
Interpretation and Utility of Drug of Abuse Screening Immunoassays: Insights From Laboratory Drug Testing Proficiency Surveys.
Krasowski MD, McMillin GA, Melanson SEF, Dizon A, Magnani B, Snozek CLH
Arch Pathol Lab Med 2020 Feb;144(2):177-184. Epub 2019 Jul 17 doi: 10.5858/arpa.2018-0562-CP. PMID: 31313960
Involuntary patient length-of-stay at a suburban emergency department.
Maniaci MJ, Lachner C, Vadeboncoeur TF, Hodge DO, Dawson NL, Rummans TA, Roy A, Burton MC
Am J Emerg Med 2020 Mar;38(3):534-538. Epub 2019 May 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2019.05.045. PMID: 31153738
Importance of Urinary Drug Screening in the Multiple Sleep Latency Test and Maintenance of Wakefulness Test.
Anniss AM, Young A, O'Driscoll DM
J Clin Sleep Med 2016 Dec 15;12(12):1633-1640. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.6348. PMID: 27655451Free PMC Article
The impact of pre-injury controlled substance use on clinical outcomes after trauma.
Cheng V, Inaba K, Johnson M, Byerly S, Jiang Y, Matsushima K, Haltmeier T, Benjamin E, Lam L, Demetriades D
J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016 Nov;81(5):913-920. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000001229. PMID: 27537515Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Presumptive phenobarbital-induced systemic lupus erythematosus in a domestic dog.
Phillips E, Kornya M, Collier A, Barry M, Morrison K, Reggeti F
J Vet Intern Med 2023 Nov-Dec;37(6):2482-2487. Epub 2023 Sep 22 doi: 10.1111/jvim.16882. PMID: 37737539Free PMC Article
Non-prescription Fentanyl Positive Toxicology: Prevalence, Positive Predictive Value of Fentanyl Immunoassay Screening, and Description of Co-substance Use.
Kerensky T, LaRochelle M, Fan SL, Kosakowski S, Wason K, Walley AY
J Addict Med 2021 Apr 1;15(2):150-154. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000723. PMID: 32909981
Involuntary patient length-of-stay at a suburban emergency department.
Maniaci MJ, Lachner C, Vadeboncoeur TF, Hodge DO, Dawson NL, Rummans TA, Roy A, Burton MC
Am J Emerg Med 2020 Mar;38(3):534-538. Epub 2019 May 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2019.05.045. PMID: 31153738
Importance of Urinary Drug Screening in the Multiple Sleep Latency Test and Maintenance of Wakefulness Test.
Anniss AM, Young A, O'Driscoll DM
J Clin Sleep Med 2016 Dec 15;12(12):1633-1640. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.6348. PMID: 27655451Free PMC Article
Universal screening for substance abuse at the time of parturition.
Azadi A, Dildy GA 3rd
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008 May;198(5):e30-2. Epub 2008 Feb 14 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.10.780. PMID: 18279831

Therapy

Presumptive phenobarbital-induced systemic lupus erythematosus in a domestic dog.
Phillips E, Kornya M, Collier A, Barry M, Morrison K, Reggeti F
J Vet Intern Med 2023 Nov-Dec;37(6):2482-2487. Epub 2023 Sep 22 doi: 10.1111/jvim.16882. PMID: 37737539Free PMC Article
Controlled Substance Use Among Psychiatric Patients in a Rural North Carolina Emergency Department.
Gignac E, Dogbey GY, Capece G, McMichael B, Aldrich J, Brannan GD
West J Emerg Med 2019 Mar;20(2):419-425. Epub 2018 Dec 5 doi: 10.5811/westjem.2018.11.40234. PMID: 30881566Free PMC Article
Precision and comparability of Abuscreen OnLine assays for drugs of abuse screening in urine on Hitachi 917 with other immunochemical tests and with GC/MS.
Boettcher M, Haenseler E, Hoke C, Nichols J, Raab D, Domke I
Clin Lab 2000;46(1-2):49-52. PMID: 10745981
Perinatal outcome of infants exposed to cocaine and/or heroin in utero.
Fulroth R, Phillips B, Durand DJ
Am J Dis Child 1989 Aug;143(8):905-10. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1989.02150200057018. PMID: 2756964
Direct antiglobulin tests in narcotic addicted patients.
Cushman P Jr, Maniatis A
Transfusion 1975 Mar-Apr;15(2):107-10. doi: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1975.15275122802.x. PMID: 804188

Prognosis

Performance of an on-site urine multidrug test used by forensic physicians in determining the cause of death.
Bisch A, Ceelen M, Dorn T, Reijnders U, van den Hondel K, Stomp J, Burger JD, Franssen E
J Forensic Leg Med 2022 May;88:102346. Epub 2022 Apr 1 doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2022.102346. PMID: 35417849
Evaluation and applicability of Alere iCup DX 14 for rapid postmortem urine drug screening at autopsy.
Towler S, Concheiro M, Pearring S, Rodda LN
J Forensic Sci 2021 Jan;66(1):375-382. Epub 2020 Oct 6 doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.14577. PMID: 33022072
Non-prescription Fentanyl Positive Toxicology: Prevalence, Positive Predictive Value of Fentanyl Immunoassay Screening, and Description of Co-substance Use.
Kerensky T, LaRochelle M, Fan SL, Kosakowski S, Wason K, Walley AY
J Addict Med 2021 Apr 1;15(2):150-154. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000723. PMID: 32909981
Patterns of Drugs and Drug Metabolites Observed in Meconium: What Do They Mean?
McMillin GA, Wood KE, Strathmann FG, Krasowski MD
Ther Drug Monit 2015 Oct;37(5):568-80. doi: 10.1097/FTD.0000000000000181. PMID: 25565668
Epidemiology of alcohol and other drug use among motor vehicle crash victims admitted to a trauma center.
Walsh JM, Flegel R, Cangianelli LA, Atkins R, Soderstrom CA, Kerns TJ
Traffic Inj Prev 2004 Sep;5(3):254-60. doi: 10.1080/15389580490465319. PMID: 15276926

Clinical prediction guides

Evaluation and applicability of Alere iCup DX 14 for rapid postmortem urine drug screening at autopsy.
Towler S, Concheiro M, Pearring S, Rodda LN
J Forensic Sci 2021 Jan;66(1):375-382. Epub 2020 Oct 6 doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.14577. PMID: 33022072
Non-prescription Fentanyl Positive Toxicology: Prevalence, Positive Predictive Value of Fentanyl Immunoassay Screening, and Description of Co-substance Use.
Kerensky T, LaRochelle M, Fan SL, Kosakowski S, Wason K, Walley AY
J Addict Med 2021 Apr 1;15(2):150-154. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000723. PMID: 32909981
The impact of pre-injury controlled substance use on clinical outcomes after trauma.
Cheng V, Inaba K, Johnson M, Byerly S, Jiang Y, Matsushima K, Haltmeier T, Benjamin E, Lam L, Demetriades D
J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016 Nov;81(5):913-920. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000001229. PMID: 27537515Free PMC Article
Patterns of Drugs and Drug Metabolites Observed in Meconium: What Do They Mean?
McMillin GA, Wood KE, Strathmann FG, Krasowski MD
Ther Drug Monit 2015 Oct;37(5):568-80. doi: 10.1097/FTD.0000000000000181. PMID: 25565668
Use of a visual panel detection method for drugs of abuse: clinical and laboratory experience with children and adolescents.
Valentine JL, Komoroski EM
J Pediatr 1995 Jan;126(1):135-40. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(95)70517-1. PMID: 7815204

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