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Cone-rod dystrophy 22(CORD22)

MedGen UID:
1794199
•Concept ID:
C5561989
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: CONE-ROD DYSTROPHY 22; CORD22
 
Gene (location): TLCD3B (16p11.2)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0030440
OMIM®: 619531

Definition

Cone-rod dystrophy-22 (CORD22) is a retinal dystrophy characterized by loss of central vision due to cone photoreceptor degeneration, with onset of symptoms ranging from the first to fifth decades of life. There is significant degeneration of the macula, as well as generalized cone system involvement that predominates over rod system dysfunction, including in the peripheral retina (Bertrand et al., 2021). For a general phenotypic description and discussion of genetic heterogeneity of CORD, see CORD2 (120970). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Photophobia
MedGen UID:
43220
•Concept ID:
C0085636
•
Sign or Symptom
Excessive sensitivity to light with the sensation of discomfort or pain in the eyes due to exposure to bright light.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Reduced visual acuity
MedGen UID:
65889
•Concept ID:
C0234632
•
Finding
Diminished clarity of vision.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Absent foveal reflex
MedGen UID:
602333
•Concept ID:
C0423420
•
Finding
Lack of the foveal reflex, which normally occurs as a result of the reflection of light from the ophthalmoscope in the foveal pit upon examination. The foveal reflex is a bright pinpoint of light that is observed to move sideways or up and down in response to movement of the opthalmoscope.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Bull eye maculopathy
MedGen UID:
321812
•Concept ID:
C1828210
•
Finding
Progressive maculopathy characterized by concentric regions of hyper- and hypo-pigmentation.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Retinal pigment epithelial atrophy
MedGen UID:
333564
•Concept ID:
C1840457
•
Finding
Atrophy (loss or wasting) of the retinal pigment epithelium observed on fundoscopy or fundus imaging.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Attenuation of retinal blood vessels
MedGen UID:
480605
•Concept ID:
C3278975
•
Finding
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Perifoveal ring of hyperautofluorescence
MedGen UID:
892724
•Concept ID:
C4073099
•
Finding
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Hyperautofluorescent macular lesion
MedGen UID:
893119
•Concept ID:
C4073101
•
Finding
Increased amount of autofluorescence in the macula as ascertained by fundus autofluorescence imaging.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Undetectable pattern electroretinogram
MedGen UID:
900781
•Concept ID:
C4280746
•
Finding
Absent response to a pattern electroretinogram (PERG).
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Hypoautofluorescent retinal lesion
MedGen UID:
1369889
•Concept ID:
C4476624
•
Finding
Decreased amount of autofluorescence in the retina as ascertained by fundus autofluorescence imaging.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
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Professional guidelines

PubMed

Association Between Genotype and Phenotype Severity in ABCA4-Associated Retinopathy.
Bianco L, Arrigo A, Antropoli A, Manitto MP, Martina E, Aragona E, Bandello F, Battaglia Parodi M
JAMA Ophthalmol 2023 Sep 1;141(9):826-833. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.3188. PMID: 37498587Free PMC Article
Clinical Observation and Genotype-Phenotype Analysis of ABCA4- Related Hereditary Retinal Degeneration before Gene Therapy.
Xiao X, Ye L, Chen C, Zheng H, Yuan J
Curr Gene Ther 2022;22(4):342-351. doi: 10.2174/1566523222666220216101539. PMID: 35170407Free PMC Article
Defining inclusion criteria and endpoints for clinical trials: a prospective cross-sectional study in CRB1-associated retinal dystrophies.
Talib M, van Schooneveld MJ, Wijnholds J, van Genderen MM, Schalij-Delfos NE, Talsma HE, Florijn RJ, Ten Brink JB, Cremers FPM, Thiadens AAHJ, van den Born LI, Hoyng CB, Meester-Smoor MA, Bergen AA, Boon CJF
Acta Ophthalmol 2021 May;99(3):e402-e414. Epub 2021 Feb 2 doi: 10.1111/aos.14597. PMID: 33528094Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Coats-like Vasculopathy in Inherited Retinal Disease: Prevalence, Characteristics, Genetics, and Management.
Daich Varela M, Conti GM, Malka S, Vaclavik V, Mahroo OA, Webster AR, Tran V, Michaelides M
Ophthalmology 2023 Dec;130(12):1327-1335. Epub 2023 Aug 5 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.07.027. PMID: 37544434Free PMC Article
Comprehensive Genotyping and Phenotyping Analysis of GUCY2D-Associated Rod- and Cone-Dominated Dystrophies.
Rodilla C, Martín-Merida I, Blanco-Kelly F, Trujillo-Tiebas MJ, Avila-Fernandez A, Riveiro-Alvarez R, Del Pozo-Valero M, Perea-Romero I, Swafiri ST, Zurita O, Villaverde C, López MÁ, Romero R, Iancu IF, Núñez-Moreno G, Jiménez-Rolando B, Martin-Gutierrez MP, Carreño E, Minguez P, García-Sandoval B, Ayuso C, Corton M
Am J Ophthalmol 2023 Oct;254:87-103. Epub 2023 Jun 15 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.05.015. PMID: 37327959
An Update on Gene Therapy for Inherited Retinal Dystrophy: Experience in Leber Congenital Amaurosis Clinical Trials.
Chiu W, Lin TY, Chang YC, Isahwan-Ahmad Mulyadi Lai H, Lin SC, Ma C, Yarmishyn AA, Lin SC, Chang KJ, Chou YB, Hsu CC, Lin TC, Chen SJ, Chien Y, Yang YP, Hwang DK
Int J Mol Sci 2021 Apr 26;22(9) doi: 10.3390/ijms22094534. PMID: 33926102Free PMC Article
CNGB1-related rod-cone dystrophy: A mutation review and update.
Nassisi M, Smirnov VM, Solis Hernandez C, Mohand-Saïd S, Condroyer C, Antonio A, Kühlewein L, Kempf M, Kohl S, Wissinger B, Nasser F, Ragi SD, Wang NK, Sparrow JR, Greenstein VC, Michalakis S, Mahroo OA, Ba-Abbad R, Michaelides M, Webster AR, Degli Esposti S, Saffren B, Capasso J, Levin A, Hauswirth WW, Dhaenens CM, Defoort-Dhellemmes S, Tsang SH, Zrenner E, Sahel JA, Petersen-Jones SM, Zeitz C, Audo I
Hum Mutat 2021 Jun;42(6):641-666. Epub 2021 May 16 doi: 10.1002/humu.24205. PMID: 33847019Free PMC Article
Defining renal phenotype in Alström syndrome.
Baig S, Paisey R, Dawson C, Barrett T, Maffei P, Hodson J, Rambhatla SB, Chauhan P, Bolton S, Dassie F, Francomano C, Marshall RP, Belal M, Skordilis K, Hayer M, Price AM, Cramb R, Edwards N, Steeds RP, Geberhiwot T
Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020 Jun 1;35(6):994-1001. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfy293. PMID: 30307515

Diagnosis

Coats-like Vasculopathy in Inherited Retinal Disease: Prevalence, Characteristics, Genetics, and Management.
Daich Varela M, Conti GM, Malka S, Vaclavik V, Mahroo OA, Webster AR, Tran V, Michaelides M
Ophthalmology 2023 Dec;130(12):1327-1335. Epub 2023 Aug 5 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.07.027. PMID: 37544434Free PMC Article
Comprehensive Genotyping and Phenotyping Analysis of GUCY2D-Associated Rod- and Cone-Dominated Dystrophies.
Rodilla C, Martín-Merida I, Blanco-Kelly F, Trujillo-Tiebas MJ, Avila-Fernandez A, Riveiro-Alvarez R, Del Pozo-Valero M, Perea-Romero I, Swafiri ST, Zurita O, Villaverde C, López MÁ, Romero R, Iancu IF, Núñez-Moreno G, Jiménez-Rolando B, Martin-Gutierrez MP, Carreño E, Minguez P, García-Sandoval B, Ayuso C, Corton M
Am J Ophthalmol 2023 Oct;254:87-103. Epub 2023 Jun 15 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.05.015. PMID: 37327959
Copy-number variation contributes 9% of pathogenicity in the inherited retinal degenerations.
Zampaglione E, Kinde B, Place EM, Navarro-Gomez D, Maher M, Jamshidi F, Nassiri S, Mazzone JA, Finn C, Schlegel D, Comander J, Pierce EA, Bujakowska KM
Genet Med 2020 Jun;22(6):1079-1087. Epub 2020 Feb 10 doi: 10.1038/s41436-020-0759-8. PMID: 32037395Free PMC Article
Defining renal phenotype in Alström syndrome.
Baig S, Paisey R, Dawson C, Barrett T, Maffei P, Hodson J, Rambhatla SB, Chauhan P, Bolton S, Dassie F, Francomano C, Marshall RP, Belal M, Skordilis K, Hayer M, Price AM, Cramb R, Edwards N, Steeds RP, Geberhiwot T
Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020 Jun 1;35(6):994-1001. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfy293. PMID: 30307515
Achondroplasia and Macular Coloboma.
Ahoor MH, Amizadeh Y, Sorkhabi R
Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2015 Oct-Dec;22(4):522-4. doi: 10.4103/0974-9233.167819. PMID: 26692730Free PMC Article

Therapy

Defining inclusion criteria and endpoints for clinical trials: a prospective cross-sectional study in CRB1-associated retinal dystrophies.
Talib M, van Schooneveld MJ, Wijnholds J, van Genderen MM, Schalij-Delfos NE, Talsma HE, Florijn RJ, Ten Brink JB, Cremers FPM, Thiadens AAHJ, van den Born LI, Hoyng CB, Meester-Smoor MA, Bergen AA, Boon CJF
Acta Ophthalmol 2021 May;99(3):e402-e414. Epub 2021 Feb 2 doi: 10.1111/aos.14597. PMID: 33528094Free PMC Article
Successful gene therapy in the RPGRIP1-deficient dog: a large model of cone-rod dystrophy.
Lhériteau E, Petit L, Weber M, Le Meur G, Deschamps JY, Libeau L, Mendes-Madeira A, Guihal C, François A, Guyon R, Provost N, Lemoine F, Papal S, El-Amraoui A, Colle MA, Moullier P, Rolling F
Mol Ther 2014 Feb;22(2):265-277. Epub 2013 Oct 4 doi: 10.1038/mt.2013.232. PMID: 24091916Free PMC Article
Intravitreal injection of autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells for hereditary retinal dystrophy: a phase I trial.
Siqueira RC, Messias A, Voltarelli JC, Scott IU, Jorge R
Retina 2011 Jun;31(6):1207-14. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181f9c242. PMID: 21293313

Prognosis

Coats-like Vasculopathy in Inherited Retinal Disease: Prevalence, Characteristics, Genetics, and Management.
Daich Varela M, Conti GM, Malka S, Vaclavik V, Mahroo OA, Webster AR, Tran V, Michaelides M
Ophthalmology 2023 Dec;130(12):1327-1335. Epub 2023 Aug 5 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.07.027. PMID: 37544434Free PMC Article
Visual Dysfunction and Structural Correlates in Sorsby Fundus Dystrophy.
Raming K, Gliem M, Charbel Issa P, Birtel J, Herrmann P, Holz FG, Pfau M, Hess K
Am J Ophthalmol 2022 Feb;234:274-284. Epub 2021 Aug 2 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.07.032. PMID: 34352251
An Update on Gene Therapy for Inherited Retinal Dystrophy: Experience in Leber Congenital Amaurosis Clinical Trials.
Chiu W, Lin TY, Chang YC, Isahwan-Ahmad Mulyadi Lai H, Lin SC, Ma C, Yarmishyn AA, Lin SC, Chang KJ, Chou YB, Hsu CC, Lin TC, Chen SJ, Chien Y, Yang YP, Hwang DK
Int J Mol Sci 2021 Apr 26;22(9) doi: 10.3390/ijms22094534. PMID: 33926102Free PMC Article
Whole-exome sequencing in 168 Korean patients with inherited retinal degeneration.
Ma DJ, Lee HS, Kim K, Choi S, Jang I, Cho SH, Yoon CK, Lee EK, Yu HG
BMC Med Genomics 2021 Mar 10;14(1):74. doi: 10.1186/s12920-021-00874-6. PMID: 33691693Free PMC Article
Copy-number variation contributes 9% of pathogenicity in the inherited retinal degenerations.
Zampaglione E, Kinde B, Place EM, Navarro-Gomez D, Maher M, Jamshidi F, Nassiri S, Mazzone JA, Finn C, Schlegel D, Comander J, Pierce EA, Bujakowska KM
Genet Med 2020 Jun;22(6):1079-1087. Epub 2020 Feb 10 doi: 10.1038/s41436-020-0759-8. PMID: 32037395Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Coats-like Vasculopathy in Inherited Retinal Disease: Prevalence, Characteristics, Genetics, and Management.
Daich Varela M, Conti GM, Malka S, Vaclavik V, Mahroo OA, Webster AR, Tran V, Michaelides M
Ophthalmology 2023 Dec;130(12):1327-1335. Epub 2023 Aug 5 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.07.027. PMID: 37544434Free PMC Article
An Update on Gene Therapy for Inherited Retinal Dystrophy: Experience in Leber Congenital Amaurosis Clinical Trials.
Chiu W, Lin TY, Chang YC, Isahwan-Ahmad Mulyadi Lai H, Lin SC, Ma C, Yarmishyn AA, Lin SC, Chang KJ, Chou YB, Hsu CC, Lin TC, Chen SJ, Chien Y, Yang YP, Hwang DK
Int J Mol Sci 2021 Apr 26;22(9) doi: 10.3390/ijms22094534. PMID: 33926102Free PMC Article
Whole-exome sequencing in 168 Korean patients with inherited retinal degeneration.
Ma DJ, Lee HS, Kim K, Choi S, Jang I, Cho SH, Yoon CK, Lee EK, Yu HG
BMC Med Genomics 2021 Mar 10;14(1):74. doi: 10.1186/s12920-021-00874-6. PMID: 33691693Free PMC Article
Copy-number variation contributes 9% of pathogenicity in the inherited retinal degenerations.
Zampaglione E, Kinde B, Place EM, Navarro-Gomez D, Maher M, Jamshidi F, Nassiri S, Mazzone JA, Finn C, Schlegel D, Comander J, Pierce EA, Bujakowska KM
Genet Med 2020 Jun;22(6):1079-1087. Epub 2020 Feb 10 doi: 10.1038/s41436-020-0759-8. PMID: 32037395Free PMC Article
Defining renal phenotype in Alström syndrome.
Baig S, Paisey R, Dawson C, Barrett T, Maffei P, Hodson J, Rambhatla SB, Chauhan P, Bolton S, Dassie F, Francomano C, Marshall RP, Belal M, Skordilis K, Hayer M, Price AM, Cramb R, Edwards N, Steeds RP, Geberhiwot T
Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020 Jun 1;35(6):994-1001. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfy293. PMID: 30307515

Recent systematic reviews

Different Phenotypes Represent Advancing Stages of ABCA4-Associated Retinopathy: A Longitudinal Study of 212 Chinese Families From a Tertiary Center.
Wang Y, Sun W, Zhou J, Li X, Jiang Y, Li S, Jia X, Xiao X, Ouyang J, Wang Y, Zhou L, Long Y, Liu M, Li Y, Yi Z, Wang P, Zhang Q
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022 May 2;63(5):28. doi: 10.1167/iovs.63.5.28. PMID: 35608843Free PMC Article

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