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Pediatric multiple sclerosis

MedGen UID:
1799994
•Concept ID:
C5568571
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Pediatric MS
SNOMED CT: Pediatric multiple sclerosis (1186728004)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0018784
Orphanet: ORPHA477738

Definition

A rare multiple sclerosis (MS) variant with characteristics of the onset of one or multiple episodes of clinical central nervous system (CNS) symptoms consistent with acquired CNS demyelination, with radiologically proven dissemination of inflammatory lesions in space and time, following exclusion of other disorders before the age of 18 years old. Patients present a predominantly relapsing-remitting course with the first attack usually consisting of optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and monofocal or polyfocal neurological deficits. A high burden of T2-hyperintense lesions on initial MRI, primarily of the supratentorial region and/or of the cervical spinal cord has been reported. [from SNOMEDCT_US]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Pediatric multiple sclerosis - current status of epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment.
Brola W, Steinborn B
Neurol Neurochir Pol 2020;54(6):508-517. Epub 2020 Sep 17 doi: 10.5603/PJNNS.a2020.0069. PMID: 32940341
Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis: From Recognition to Practical Clinical Management.
Wang CX, Greenberg BM
Neurol Clin 2018 Feb;36(1):135-149. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2017.08.005. PMID: 29157395
International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group criteria for pediatric multiple sclerosis and immune-mediated central nervous system demyelinating disorders: revisions to the 2007 definitions.
Krupp LB, Tardieu M, Amato MP, Banwell B, Chitnis T, Dale RC, Ghezzi A, Hintzen R, Kornberg A, Pohl D, Rostasy K, Tenembaum S, Wassmer E; International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group
Mult Scler 2013 Sep;19(10):1261-7. Epub 2013 Apr 9 doi: 10.1177/1352458513484547. PMID: 23572237

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Ageing and multiple sclerosis.
Graves JS, Krysko KM, Hua LH, Absinta M, Franklin RJM, Segal BM
Lancet Neurol 2023 Jan;22(1):66-77. Epub 2022 Oct 7 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(22)00184-3. PMID: 36216015
Paediatric multiple sclerosis and antibody-associated demyelination: clinical, imaging, and biological considerations for diagnosis and care.
Fadda G, Armangue T, Hacohen Y, Chitnis T, Banwell B
Lancet Neurol 2021 Feb;20(2):136-149. Epub 2021 Jan 20 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30432-4. PMID: 33484648
Vitamin D genes influence MS relapses in children.
Graves JS, Barcellos LF, Krupp L, Belman A, Shao X, Quach H, Hart J, Chitnis T, Weinstock-Guttman B, Aaen G, Benson L, Gorman M, Greenberg B, Lotze T, Soe M, Ness J, Rodriguez M, Rose J, Schreiner T, Tillema JM, Waldman A, Casper TC, Waubant E
Mult Scler 2020 Jul;26(8):894-901. Epub 2019 May 13 doi: 10.1177/1352458519845842. PMID: 31081484Free PMC Article
Pediatric multiple sclerosis: a review.
Alroughani R, Boyko A
BMC Neurol 2018 Mar 9;18(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s12883-018-1026-3. PMID: 29523094Free PMC Article
Age-Dependent Seroprevalence of JCV Antibody in Children.
Hennes EM, Kornek B, Huppke P, Reindl M, Rostasy K, Berger T
Neuropediatrics 2016 Apr;47(2):112-4. Epub 2015 Oct 19 doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1565272. PMID: 26479766

Diagnosis

Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis.
Kornbluh AB, Kahn I
Semin Pediatr Neurol 2023 Jul;46:101054. Epub 2023 May 11 doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2023.101054. PMID: 37451754
Pediatric multiple sclerosis - current status of epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment.
Brola W, Steinborn B
Neurol Neurochir Pol 2020;54(6):508-517. Epub 2020 Sep 17 doi: 10.5603/PJNNS.a2020.0069. PMID: 32940341
Pediatric multiple sclerosis: a review.
Alroughani R, Boyko A
BMC Neurol 2018 Mar 9;18(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s12883-018-1026-3. PMID: 29523094Free PMC Article
Can new chemical therapies improve the management of multiple sclerosis in children?
D'Amico E, Zanghì A, Patti F
Expert Opin Pharmacother 2017 Jan;18(1):45-55. Epub 2016 Dec 16 doi: 10.1080/14656566.2016.1267139. PMID: 27901353
Multiple sclerosis in children.
Thomas T, Banwell B
Semin Neurol 2008 Feb;28(1):69-83. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1019129. PMID: 18256988

Therapy

Use and Safety of Immunotherapeutic Management of N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Antibody Encephalitis: A Meta-analysis.
Nosadini M, Eyre M, Molteni E, Thomas T, Irani SR, Dalmau J, Dale RC, Lim M; International NMDAR Antibody Encephalitis Consensus Group, Anlar B, Armangue T, Benseler S, Cellucci T, Deiva K, Gallentine W, Gombolay G, Gorman MP, Hacohen Y, Jiang Y, Lim BC, Muscal E, Ndondo A, Neuteboom R, Rostásy K, Sakuma H, Sartori S, Sharma S, Tenembaum SN, Van Mater HA, Wells E, Wickstrom R, Yeshokumar AK
JAMA Neurol 2021 Nov 1;78(11):1333-1344. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.3188. PMID: 34542573Free PMC Article
Paediatric multiple sclerosis and antibody-associated demyelination: clinical, imaging, and biological considerations for diagnosis and care.
Fadda G, Armangue T, Hacohen Y, Chitnis T, Banwell B
Lancet Neurol 2021 Feb;20(2):136-149. Epub 2021 Jan 20 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30432-4. PMID: 33484648
Pediatric multiple sclerosis: a review.
Alroughani R, Boyko A
BMC Neurol 2018 Mar 9;18(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s12883-018-1026-3. PMID: 29523094Free PMC Article
The usefulness of immunotherapy in pediatric neurodegenerative disorders: A systematic review of literature data.
Vitaliti G, Tabatabaie O, Matin N, Ledda C, Pavone P, Lubrano R, Serra A, Di Mauro P, Cocuzza S, Falsaperla R
Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015;11(12):2749-63. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1061161. PMID: 26266339Free PMC Article
Pediatric multiple sclerosis.
Banwell BL
Handb Clin Neurol 2013;112:1263-74. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52910-7.00049-0. PMID: 23622337

Prognosis

Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis.
Kornbluh AB, Kahn I
Semin Pediatr Neurol 2023 Jul;46:101054. Epub 2023 May 11 doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2023.101054. PMID: 37451754
Ageing and multiple sclerosis.
Graves JS, Krysko KM, Hua LH, Absinta M, Franklin RJM, Segal BM
Lancet Neurol 2023 Jan;22(1):66-77. Epub 2022 Oct 7 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(22)00184-3. PMID: 36216015
Body size perceptions & diet modification in youth with multiple sclerosis.
Woolbright E, Koshiya H, Brenton JN
Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022 Feb;58:103402. Epub 2021 Nov 16 doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103402. PMID: 35216785Free PMC Article
Pediatric multiple sclerosis - current status of epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment.
Brola W, Steinborn B
Neurol Neurochir Pol 2020;54(6):508-517. Epub 2020 Sep 17 doi: 10.5603/PJNNS.a2020.0069. PMID: 32940341
Pediatric multiple sclerosis: a review.
Alroughani R, Boyko A
BMC Neurol 2018 Mar 9;18(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s12883-018-1026-3. PMID: 29523094Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Sleep Characteristics in Pediatric Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Encephalitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Gombolay G, Morris M, Loerinc L, Blackwell L, Howarth R
J Child Neurol 2023 Apr;38(5):298-306. Epub 2023 May 18 doi: 10.1177/08830738231173603. PMID: 37203168Free PMC Article
Use and Safety of Immunotherapeutic Management of N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Antibody Encephalitis: A Meta-analysis.
Nosadini M, Eyre M, Molteni E, Thomas T, Irani SR, Dalmau J, Dale RC, Lim M; International NMDAR Antibody Encephalitis Consensus Group, Anlar B, Armangue T, Benseler S, Cellucci T, Deiva K, Gallentine W, Gombolay G, Gorman MP, Hacohen Y, Jiang Y, Lim BC, Muscal E, Ndondo A, Neuteboom R, Rostásy K, Sakuma H, Sartori S, Sharma S, Tenembaum SN, Van Mater HA, Wells E, Wickstrom R, Yeshokumar AK
JAMA Neurol 2021 Nov 1;78(11):1333-1344. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.3188. PMID: 34542573Free PMC Article
Vitamin D genes influence MS relapses in children.
Graves JS, Barcellos LF, Krupp L, Belman A, Shao X, Quach H, Hart J, Chitnis T, Weinstock-Guttman B, Aaen G, Benson L, Gorman M, Greenberg B, Lotze T, Soe M, Ness J, Rodriguez M, Rose J, Schreiner T, Tillema JM, Waldman A, Casper TC, Waubant E
Mult Scler 2020 Jul;26(8):894-901. Epub 2019 May 13 doi: 10.1177/1352458519845842. PMID: 31081484Free PMC Article
Long-term follow-up of pediatric MS patients starting treatment with injectable first-line agents: A multicentre, Italian, retrospective, observational study.
Baroncini D, Zaffaroni M, Moiola L, Lorefice L, Fenu G, Iaffaldano P, Simone M, Fanelli F, Patti F, D'Amico E, Capobianco M, Bertolotto A, Gallo P, Margoni M, Miante S, Milani N, Amato MP, Righini I, Bellantonio P, Scandellari C, Costantino G, Scarpini E, Bergamaschi R, Mallucci G, Comi G, Ghezzi A
Mult Scler 2019 Mar;25(3):399-407. Epub 2018 Jan 24 doi: 10.1177/1352458518754364. PMID: 29363396
Genetic predictors of relapse rate in pediatric MS.
Graves JS, Barcellos LF, Shao X, Noble J, Mowry EM, Quach H, Belman A, Casper TC, Krupp LB, Waubant E; U.S. Network of Pediatric MS Centers
Mult Scler 2016 Oct;22(12):1528-1535. Epub 2016 Jan 14 doi: 10.1177/1352458515624269. PMID: 26769066Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Anti-CD20 therapies for pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis: A systematic review.
Etemadifar M, Nouri H, Sedaghat N, Ramezani A, Kargaran PK, Salari M, Kaveyee H
Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024 Nov;91:105849. Epub 2024 Aug 31 doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105849. PMID: 39243503
Serum levels of neurofilament light chains in pediatric multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Niculae AŞ, Niculae LE, Văcăraş C, Văcăraş V
J Neurol 2023 Oct;270(10):4753-4762. Epub 2023 Jul 2 doi: 10.1007/s00415-023-11841-9. PMID: 37394516
Quality of life measures in pediatric multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ow N, Mozafarinia M, Mayo NE
Dev Med Child Neurol 2021 Sep;63(9):1051-1058. Epub 2021 Mar 26 doi: 10.1111/dmcn.14870. PMID: 33769574
Epidemiology of pediatric multiple sclerosis: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
Yan K, Balijepalli C, Desai K, Gullapalli L, Druyts E
Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020 Sep;44:102260. Epub 2020 Jun 4 doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102260. PMID: 32540746
The usefulness of immunotherapy in pediatric neurodegenerative disorders: A systematic review of literature data.
Vitaliti G, Tabatabaie O, Matin N, Ledda C, Pavone P, Lubrano R, Serra A, Di Mauro P, Cocuzza S, Falsaperla R
Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015;11(12):2749-63. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1061161. PMID: 26266339Free PMC Article

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