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Hemolytic uremic syndrome, atypical, 8, with rhizomelic short stature(AHUS8)

MedGen UID:
1840221
Concept ID:
C5829585
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: AHUS8
 
Gene (location): C1GALT1C1 (Xq24)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0957495
OMIM®: 301110

Definition

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome-8 with rhizomelic short stature (AHUS8) is an X-linked disorder with variable manifestations. The age at onset of renal symptoms is variable, ranging from infancy to the early twenties. Features of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) include acute renal dysfunction with proteinuria, thrombotic microangiopathy, anemia, thrombocytopenia, increased serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and schistocytes on peripheral blood smear. Affected individuals also have short stature with short limbs. More variable features include immunodeficiency with recurrent infections, developmental delay, and dysmorphic features. Treatment with C5 inhibitors results in improvement of renal function. Female carriers may show an attenuated phenotype (Hadar et al., 2023; Erger et al., 2023). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of aHUS, see AHUS1 (235400). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome
MedGen UID:
42403
Concept ID:
C0019061
Disease or Syndrome
A thrombotic microangiopathy with presence of non-immune, intravascular hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute kidney injury. A vicious cycle of complement activation, endothelial cell damage, platelet activation, and thrombosis is the hallmark of the disease.
Proteinuria
MedGen UID:
10976
Concept ID:
C0033687
Finding
Increased levels of protein in the urine.
Hyperechogenic kidneys
MedGen UID:
477530
Concept ID:
C3275899
Finding
An increase in amplitude of waves returned in ultrasonography of the kidney, which is generally displayed as increased brightness of the signal.
Moderate proteinuria
MedGen UID:
868437
Concept ID:
C4022831
Finding
Moderately increased levels of protein in the urine (500-1000 mg per day in adults).
Disproportionate short stature
MedGen UID:
168053
Concept ID:
C0878659
Finding
A kind of short stature in which different regions of the body are shortened to differing extents.
Recurrent infection of the gastrointestinal tract
MedGen UID:
343135
Concept ID:
C1854495
Disease or Syndrome
Recurrent infection of the gastrointestinal tract.
Posteriorly rotated ears
MedGen UID:
96566
Concept ID:
C0431478
Congenital Abnormality
A type of abnormal location of the ears in which the position of the ears is characterized by posterior rotation (the superior part of the ears is rotated towards the back of the head, and the inferior part of the ears towards the front).
Generalized-onset seizure
MedGen UID:
115963
Concept ID:
C0234533
Disease or Syndrome
A generalized-onset seizure is a type of seizure originating at some point within, and rapidly engaging, bilaterally distributed networks. The networks may include cortical and subcortical structures but not necessarily the entire cortex.
Global developmental delay
MedGen UID:
107838
Concept ID:
C0557874
Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Anemia
MedGen UID:
1526
Concept ID:
C0002871
Disease or Syndrome
A reduction in erythrocytes volume or hemoglobin concentration.
Hemolytic anemia
MedGen UID:
1916
Concept ID:
C0002878
Disease or Syndrome
A type of anemia caused by premature destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis).
Thrombocytopenia
MedGen UID:
52737
Concept ID:
C0040034
Disease or Syndrome
A reduction in the number of circulating thrombocytes.
Schistocytosis
MedGen UID:
576247
Concept ID:
C0344386
Laboratory or Test Result
The presence of an abnormal number of fragmented red blood cells (schistocytes) in the blood.
Retrognathia
MedGen UID:
19766
Concept ID:
C0035353
Congenital Abnormality
An abnormality in which the mandible is mislocalised posteriorly.
Short long bone
MedGen UID:
344385
Concept ID:
C1854912
Finding
One or more abnormally short long bone.
Leukopenia
MedGen UID:
6073
Concept ID:
C0023530
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormal decreased number of leukocytes in the blood.
Lymphopenia
MedGen UID:
7418
Concept ID:
C0024312
Disease or Syndrome
A reduced number of lymphocytes in the blood.
Recurrent infections
MedGen UID:
65998
Concept ID:
C0239998
Finding
Increased susceptibility to infections.
Neutropenia
MedGen UID:
163121
Concept ID:
C0853697
Finding
An abnormally low number of neutrophils in the peripheral blood.
Elevated circulating creatinine concentration
MedGen UID:
148579
Concept ID:
C0700225
Finding
An increased amount of creatinine in the blood.
Reduced haptoglobin level
MedGen UID:
1686017
Concept ID:
C5209264
Finding
An abnormally low concentration of haptoglobin in the blood circulation. Decreased haptoglobin in conjunction with increased reticulocyte count and anemia may indicate hemolysis. Decreased haptoglobin levels can also occur in the absence of hemolysis, due to cirrhosis of the liver, disseminated ovarian carcinomatosis, pulmonary sarcoidosis, and elevated estrogen state.
High forehead
MedGen UID:
65991
Concept ID:
C0239676
Finding
An abnormally increased height of the forehead.
Wide nasal bridge
MedGen UID:
341441
Concept ID:
C1849367
Finding
Increased breadth of the nasal bridge (and with it, the nasal root).
Short philtrum
MedGen UID:
350006
Concept ID:
C1861324
Finding
Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD below the mean. Alternatively, an apparently decreased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border.
Downturned corners of mouth
MedGen UID:
356471
Concept ID:
C1866195
Anatomical Abnormality
A morphological abnormality of the mouth in which the angle of the mouth is downturned. The oral commissures are positioned inferior to the midline labial fissure.
Prominent nasolabial fold
MedGen UID:
355725
Concept ID:
C1866487
Finding
Exaggerated bulkiness of the crease or fold of skin running from the lateral margin of the nose, where nasal base meets the skin of the face, to a point just lateral to the corner of the mouth (cheilion, or commissure).
Long eyelashes
MedGen UID:
342955
Concept ID:
C1853738
Finding
Mid upper eyelash length >10 mm or increased length of the eyelashes (subjective).

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