U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Tan-Almurshedi syndrome(TANALS)

MedGen UID:
1848300
Concept ID:
C5882727
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: TANALS
 
Gene (location): DRG1 (22q12.2)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0957990
OMIM®: 620641

Definition

Tan-Almurshedi syndrome (TANALS) is an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, poor overall growth with short stature and microcephaly, hypotonia, global developmental delay with impaired intellectual development, poor or absent speech, spasticity, and dysmorphic facial features (Westrip et al., 2023). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Clubfoot
MedGen UID:
3130
Concept ID:
C0009081
Congenital Abnormality
Clubfoot is a congenital limb deformity defined as fixation of the foot in cavus, adductus, varus, and equinus (i.e., inclined inwards, axially rotated outwards, and pointing downwards) with concomitant soft tissue abnormalities (Cardy et al., 2007). Clubfoot may occur in isolation or as part of a syndrome (e.g., diastrophic dysplasia, 222600). Clubfoot has been reported with deficiency of long bones and mirror-image polydactyly (Gurnett et al., 2008; Klopocki et al., 2012).
Fetal growth restriction
MedGen UID:
4693
Concept ID:
C0015934
Pathologic Function
An abnormal restriction of fetal growth with fetal weight below the tenth percentile for gestational age.
Proportionate short stature
MedGen UID:
163901
Concept ID:
C0878660
Finding
A kind of short stature in which different regions of the body are shortened to a comparable extent.
Failure to thrive
MedGen UID:
746019
Concept ID:
C2315100
Disease or Syndrome
Failure to thrive (FTT) refers to a child whose physical growth is substantially below the norm.
Low-set ears
MedGen UID:
65980
Concept ID:
C0239234
Congenital Abnormality
Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear.
Posteriorly rotated ears
MedGen UID:
96566
Concept ID:
C0431478
Congenital Abnormality
A type of abnormal location of the ears in which the position of the ears is characterized by posterior rotation (the superior part of the ears is rotated towards the back of the head, and the inferior part of the ears towards the front).
Myelomeningocele
MedGen UID:
7538
Concept ID:
C0025312
Congenital Abnormality
Protrusion of the meninges and portions of the spinal cord through a defect of the vertebral column.
Spasticity
MedGen UID:
7753
Concept ID:
C0026838
Sign or Symptom
A motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone, exaggerated (hyperexcitable) tendon reflexes.
Seizure
MedGen UID:
20693
Concept ID:
C0036572
Sign or Symptom
A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.
Neurodevelopmental delay
MedGen UID:
868344
Concept ID:
C4022738
Finding
Neurodevelopmental delay (NDD) refers to delays in the maturation of the brain and central nervous system; infants and young children with NDD may experience delays in the development of one or more skills including gross motor abilities, fine-motor coordination, language abilities and ability to solve increasingly complex problems.
Brachycephaly
MedGen UID:
113165
Concept ID:
C0221356
Congenital Abnormality
An abnormality of skull shape characterized by a decreased anterior-posterior diameter. That is, a cephalic index greater than 81%. Alternatively, an apparently shortened anteroposterior dimension (length) of the head compared to width.
Camptodactyly
MedGen UID:
195780
Concept ID:
C0685409
Congenital Abnormality
The distal interphalangeal joint and/or the proximal interphalangeal joint of the fingers or toes cannot be extended to 180 degrees by either active or passive extension.
Microcephaly
MedGen UID:
1644158
Concept ID:
C4551563
Finding
Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender.
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
MedGen UID:
1918
Concept ID:
C0002880
Disease or Syndrome
An autoimmune form of hemolytic anemia.
Eczematoid dermatitis
MedGen UID:
3968
Concept ID:
C0013595
Disease or Syndrome
Eczema is a form of dermatitis that is characterized by scaly, pruritic, erythematous lesions located on flexural surfaces.
Recurrent infections
MedGen UID:
65998
Concept ID:
C0239998
Finding
Increased susceptibility to infections.
Increased circulating antibody concentration
MedGen UID:
1713383
Concept ID:
C5397581
Finding
An increased level of gamma globulin (immunoglobulin) in the blood.
Short palpebral fissure
MedGen UID:
98067
Concept ID:
C0423112
Finding
Distance between the medial and lateral canthi is more than 2 SD below the mean for age (objective); or, apparently reduced length of the palpebral fissures.
Prominent forehead
MedGen UID:
373291
Concept ID:
C1837260
Finding
Forward prominence of the entire forehead, due to protrusion of the frontal bone.
Widely spaced teeth
MedGen UID:
337093
Concept ID:
C1844813
Finding
Increased spaces (diastemata) between most of the teeth in the same dental arch.
Wide nasal bridge
MedGen UID:
341441
Concept ID:
C1849367
Finding
Increased breadth of the nasal bridge (and with it, the nasal root).
Everted lower lip vermilion
MedGen UID:
344003
Concept ID:
C1853246
Finding
An abnormal configuration of the lower lip such that it is turned outward i.e., everted, with the Inner aspect of the lower lip vermilion (normally opposing the teeth) being visible in a frontal view.
Underdeveloped supraorbital ridges
MedGen UID:
349384
Concept ID:
C1861869
Congenital Abnormality
Flatness of the supraorbital portion of the frontal bones.
Dry skin
MedGen UID:
56250
Concept ID:
C0151908
Sign or Symptom
Skin characterized by the lack of natural or normal moisture.
Short eyelashes
MedGen UID:
411272
Concept ID:
C2748682
Finding
Decreased length of the eyelashes (subjective).

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Chang JL, Goldberg AN, Alt JA, Mohammed A, Ashbrook L, Auckley D, Ayappa I, Bakhtiar H, Barrera JE, Bartley BL, Billings ME, Boon MS, Bosschieter P, Braverman I, Brodie K, Cabrera-Muffly C, Caesar R, Cahali MB, Cai Y, Cao M, Capasso R, Caples SM, Chahine LM, Chang CP, Chang KW, Chaudhary N, Cheong CSJ, Chowdhuri S, Cistulli PA, Claman D, Collen J, Coughlin KC, Creamer J, Davis EM, Dupuy-McCauley KL, Durr ML, Dutt M, Ali ME, Elkassabany NM, Epstein LJ, Fiala JA, Freedman N, Gill K, Gillespie MB, Golisch L, Gooneratne N, Gottlieb DJ, Green KK, Gulati A, Gurubhagavatula I, Hayward N, Hoff PT, Hoffmann OMG, Holfinger SJ, Hsia J, Huntley C, Huoh KC, Huyett P, Inala S, Ishman SL, Jella TK, Jobanputra AM, Johnson AP, Junna MR, Kado JT, Kaffenberger TM, Kapur VK, Kezirian EJ, Khan M, Kirsch DB, Kominsky A, Kryger M, Krystal AD, Kushida CA, Kuzniar TJ, Lam DJ, Lettieri CJ, Lim DC, Lin HC, Liu SYC, MacKay SG, Magalang UJ, Malhotra A, Mansukhani MP, Maurer JT, May AM, Mitchell RB, Mokhlesi B, Mullins AE, Nada EM, Naik S, Nokes B, Olson MD, Pack AI, Pang EB, Pang KP, Patil SP, Van de Perck E, Piccirillo JF, Pien GW, Piper AJ, Plawecki A, Quigg M, Ravesloot MJL, Redline S, Rotenberg BW, Ryden A, Sarmiento KF, Sbeih F, Schell AE, Schmickl CN, Schotland HM, Schwab RJ, Seo J, Shah N, Shelgikar AV, Shochat I, Soose RJ, Steele TO, Stephens E, Stepnowsky C, Strohl KP, Sutherland K, Suurna MV, Thaler E, Thapa S, Vanderveken OM, de Vries N, Weaver EM, Weir ID, Wolfe LF, Woodson BT, Won CHJ, Xu J, Yalamanchi P, Yaremchuk K, Yeghiazarians Y, Yu JL, Zeidler M, Rosen IM
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2023 Jul;13(7):1061-1482. Epub 2023 Mar 30 doi: 10.1002/alr.23079. PMID: 36068685Free PMC Article
Styne DM, Arslanian SA, Connor EL, Farooqi IS, Murad MH, Silverstein JH, Yanovski JA
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017 Mar 1;102(3):709-757. doi: 10.1210/jc.2016-2573. PMID: 28359099Free PMC Article
Spasovski G, Vanholder R, Allolio B, Annane D, Ball S, Bichet D, Decaux G, Fenske W, Hoorn EJ, Ichai C, Joannidis M, Soupart A, Zietse R, Haller M, van der Veer S, Van Biesen W, Nagler E; Hyponatraemia Guideline Development Group
Eur J Endocrinol 2014 Mar;170(3):G1-47. Epub 2014 Feb 25 doi: 10.1530/EJE-13-1020. PMID: 24569125

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Varagur K, Sanka SA, Strahle JM
Neurosurg Clin N Am 2022 Jan;33(1):67-79. doi: 10.1016/j.nec.2021.09.006. PMID: 34801143Free PMC Article
Keith KA, Reed LK, Nguyen A, Qaiser R
Neurosurg Clin N Am 2022 Jan;33(1):135-148. doi: 10.1016/j.nec.2021.09.010. PMID: 34801137
Valdebran M, Wine Lee L
Curr Opin Pediatr 2020 Aug;32(4):498-505. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000925. PMID: 32692048
Poh TY, Mac Aogáin M, Chan AK, Yii AC, Yong VF, Tiew PY, Koh MS, Chotirmall SH
Expert Rev Respir Med 2017 Apr;11(4):285-298. Epub 2017 Mar 24 doi: 10.1080/17476348.2017.1305895. PMID: 28282995
Cereda A, Carey JC
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2012 Oct 23;7:81. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-81. PMID: 23088440Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Koster MJ, Samec MJ, Warrington KJ
J Clin Rheumatol 2023 Sep 1;29(6):298-306. Epub 2022 Oct 17 doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000001905. PMID: 36251488
De Wel B, Claeys KG
Curr Opin Neurol 2021 Oct 1;34(5):714-720. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000963. PMID: 34914668
Geenen KR, Patel S, Thiele EA
Dev Med Child Neurol 2021 Mar;63(3):259-262. Epub 2020 Oct 31 doi: 10.1111/dmcn.14723. PMID: 33135153
Diñeiro M, Capín R, Cifuentes GÁ, Fernández-Vega B, Villota E, Otero A, Santiago A, Pruneda PC, Castillo D, Viejo-Díaz M, Hernando I, Durán NS, Álvarez R, Lago CG, Ordóñez GR, Fernández-Vega Á, Cabanillas R, Cadiñanos J
Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Dec;98(8):e1034-e1048. Epub 2020 Jun 1 doi: 10.1111/aos.14479. PMID: 32483926Free PMC Article
Kunam VK, Velayudhan V, Chaudhry ZA, Bobinski M, Smoker WRK, Reede DL
Radiographics 2018 Jul-Aug;38(4):1201-1222. doi: 10.1148/rg.2018170178. PMID: 29995620

Therapy

Dou Z, Xia Y, Zhang J, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Huang Z, Sun H, Wu L, Han D, Liu Y
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021;12:728032. Epub 2021 Dec 23 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.728032. PMID: 35002950Free PMC Article
Saha S, Roy P, Corbitt C, Kakar SS
Cells 2021 Jun 28;10(7) doi: 10.3390/cells10071613. PMID: 34203240Free PMC Article
Geenen KR, Patel S, Thiele EA
Dev Med Child Neurol 2021 Mar;63(3):259-262. Epub 2020 Oct 31 doi: 10.1111/dmcn.14723. PMID: 33135153
Kagan R, Kellogg-Spadt S, Parish SJ
Drugs Aging 2019 Oct;36(10):897-908. doi: 10.1007/s40266-019-00700-w. PMID: 31452067Free PMC Article
Sosa-Reina MD, Nunez-Nagy S, Gallego-Izquierdo T, Pecos-Martín D, Monserrat J, Álvarez-Mon M
Biomed Res Int 2017;2017:2356346. Epub 2017 Sep 20 doi: 10.1155/2017/2356346. PMID: 29291206Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Fardeau C, Alafaleq M, Dhaenens CM, Dollfus H, Koné-Paut I, Grunewald O, Morel JB, Titah C, Saadoun D, Lazeran PO, Meunier I
Clin Genet 2023 Apr;103(4):453-458. Epub 2022 Dec 30 doi: 10.1111/cge.14286. PMID: 36543582
Košutova P, Mikolka P
Physiol Res 2021 Dec 30;70(Suppl4):S567-S583. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.934767. PMID: 35199544Free PMC Article
Park CY, Lee JK, Chuck RS
BMC Ophthalmol 2018 Oct 25;18(1):276. doi: 10.1186/s12886-018-0939-3. PMID: 30359246Free PMC Article
Sinha S, Schwartz RA
J Am Acad Dermatol 2007 Sep;57(3):502-8. Epub 2007 Jun 25 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.08.016. PMID: 17592743
Lees SJ, Booth FW
Can J Appl Physiol 2004 Aug;29(4):447-60; discussion 444-6. doi: 10.1139/h04-029. PMID: 15317985

Clinical prediction guides

Santiago J, Chaudry G
Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2024 Jun;27(2):100962. Epub 2024 Jun 14 doi: 10.1016/j.tvir.2024.100962. PMID: 39168551
Valle L, Monahan KJ
Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024 Jan;9(1):68-82. Epub 2023 Nov 4 doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(23)00240-6. PMID: 37931640
Nazerian P, Mueller C, Soeiro AM, Leidel BA, Salvadeo SAT, Giachino F, Vanni S, Grimm K, Oliveira MT Jr, Pivetta E, Lupia E, Grifoni S, Morello F; ADvISED Investigators
Circulation 2018 Jan 16;137(3):250-258. Epub 2017 Oct 13 doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029457. PMID: 29030346
Gallentine WB, Mikati MA
J Clin Neurophysiol 2012 Oct;29(5):408-19. doi: 10.1097/WNP.0b013e31826bd92a. PMID: 23027098
Wijdicks EF, Bamlet WR, Maramattom BV, Manno EM, McClelland RL
Ann Neurol 2005 Oct;58(4):585-93. doi: 10.1002/ana.20611. PMID: 16178024

Recent systematic reviews

Biswas S, Gomez J, Horgan R, Sibai BM, Saad A, Powel JE, Al-Kouatly HB
Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2023 Sep;5(9):101067. Epub 2023 Jun 28 doi: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2023.101067. PMID: 37385374
Freitas DA, Souza-Santos R, Carvalho LMA, Barros WB, Neves LM, Brasil P, Wakimoto MD
PLoS One 2020;15(12):e0242367. Epub 2020 Dec 15 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242367. PMID: 33320867Free PMC Article
Sosa-Reina MD, Nunez-Nagy S, Gallego-Izquierdo T, Pecos-Martín D, Monserrat J, Álvarez-Mon M
Biomed Res Int 2017;2017:2356346. Epub 2017 Sep 20 doi: 10.1155/2017/2356346. PMID: 29291206Free PMC Article
Sorensen CJ, DeSanto K, Borgelt L, Phillips KT, Monte AA
J Med Toxicol 2017 Mar;13(1):71-87. Epub 2016 Dec 20 doi: 10.1007/s13181-016-0595-z. PMID: 28000146Free PMC Article
Canavan TN, Mathes EF, Frieden I, Shinkai K
J Am Acad Dermatol 2015 Feb;72(2):239-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.06.026. PMID: 25592340

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Consumer resources

    Recent activity

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...