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Syphilis

MedGen UID:
21447
Concept ID:
C0039128
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Great Pox
SNOMED CT: Syphilis (76272004); Lues (76272004); Infection by Treponema pallidum (76272004); Luetic disease (76272004)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005976

Definition

A contagious bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. It is a sexually transmitted disorder, although it can also be transmitted from the mother to the fetus in utero. Typically, it is initially manifested with a single sore which heals without treatment. If the infection is left untreated, the initial stage is followed by skin rash and mucous membrane lesions. A late stage follows, which is characterized by damage of the internal organs, including the nervous system. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Tuddenham S, Hamill MM, Ghanem KG
JAMA 2022 Jan 11;327(2):161-172. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.23487. PMID: 35015033
Roett MA
Am Fam Physician 2020 Mar 15;101(6):355-361. PMID: 32163252
Forrestel AK, Kovarik CL, Katz KA
J Am Acad Dermatol 2020 Jan;82(1):17-28. Epub 2019 Apr 12 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.02.074. PMID: 30986474

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Peeling RW, Mabey D, Chen XS, Garcia PJ
Lancet 2023 Jul 22;402(10398):336-346. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02348-0. PMID: 37481272
Furtado JM, Simões M, Vasconcelos-Santos D, Oliver GF, Tyagi M, Nascimento H, Gordon DL, Smith JR
Surv Ophthalmol 2022 Mar-Apr;67(2):440-462. Epub 2021 Jun 18 doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.06.003. PMID: 34147542
Tsan GL, Claiborne RT
Clin Exp Optom 2021 Sep;104(7):756-759. Epub 2021 Apr 8 doi: 10.1080/08164622.2021.1906848. PMID: 33831337
Adhikari EH
Obstet Gynecol 2020 May;135(5):1121-1135. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003788. PMID: 32282589
Hook EW 3rd
Lancet 2017 Apr 15;389(10078):1550-1557. Epub 2016 Dec 18 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32411-4. PMID: 27993382

Diagnosis

Zhou S, Chanderraj R
JAMA 2023 May 16;329(19):1710. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.2897. PMID: 37083945
Luo Y, Xie Y, Xiao Y
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020;10:574806. Epub 2021 Feb 8 doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.574806. PMID: 33628742Free PMC Article
Tuddenham S, Katz SS, Ghanem KG
Clin Infect Dis 2020 Jun 24;71(Suppl 1):S21-S42. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa306. PMID: 32578862Free PMC Article
Arando Lasagabaster M, Otero Guerra L
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed) 2019 Jun-Jul;37(6):398-404. Epub 2019 Feb 7 doi: 10.1016/j.eimc.2018.12.009. PMID: 30738716
Morales-Múnera CE, Fuentes-Finkelstein PA, Vall Mayans M
Actas Dermosifiliogr 2015 Jan-Feb;106(1):68-9. Epub 2014 Sep 20 doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2014.06.007. PMID: 25245171

Therapy

Sadoghi B, Stary G, Wolf P
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2023 May;21(5):504-517. doi: 10.1111/ddg.14999. PMID: 37183747
Luetkemeyer AF, Donnell D, Dombrowski JC, Cohen S, Grabow C, Brown CE, Malinski C, Perkins R, Nasser M, Lopez C, Vittinghoff E, Buchbinder SP, Scott H, Charlebois ED, Havlir DV, Soge OO, Celum C; DoxyPEP Study Team
N Engl J Med 2023 Apr 6;388(14):1296-1306. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2211934. PMID: 37018493Free PMC Article
Molina JM, Charreau I, Chidiac C, Pialoux G, Cua E, Delaugerre C, Capitant C, Rojas-Castro D, Fonsart J, Bercot B, Bébéar C, Cotte L, Robineau O, Raffi F, Charbonneau P, Aslan A, Chas J, Niedbalski L, Spire B, Sagaon-Teyssier L, Carette D, Mestre SL, Doré V, Meyer L; ANRS IPERGAY Study Group
Lancet Infect Dis 2018 Mar;18(3):308-317. Epub 2017 Dec 8 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30725-9. PMID: 29229440
Mason-Jones AJ, Sinclair D, Mathews C, Kagee A, Hillman A, Lombard C
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016 Nov 8;11(11):CD006417. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006417.pub3. PMID: 27824221Free PMC Article
Clement ME, Okeke NL, Hicks CB
JAMA 2014 Nov 12;312(18):1905-17. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.13259. PMID: 25387188Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Sadoghi B, Stary G, Wolf P
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2023 May;21(5):504-517. doi: 10.1111/ddg.14999. PMID: 37183747
Zhang J, Ma B, Han X, Ding S, Li Y
Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2022 Nov;6(11):763-776. Epub 2022 Sep 13 doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(22)00219-X. PMID: 36108664
Zheng Y, Yu Q, Lin Y, Zhou Y, Lan L, Yang S, Wu J
Lancet Infect Dis 2022 Apr;22(4):541-551. Epub 2021 Dec 20 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00448-5. PMID: 34942091
Furtado JM, Simões M, Vasconcelos-Santos D, Oliver GF, Tyagi M, Nascimento H, Gordon DL, Smith JR
Surv Ophthalmol 2022 Mar-Apr;67(2):440-462. Epub 2021 Jun 18 doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.06.003. PMID: 34147542
Tuddenham S, Ghanem KG
Sex Transm Dis 2018 Mar;45(3):147-151. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000723. PMID: 29420441Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Wang CL, Gao S, Li XZ, Martcheva M
Bull Math Biol 2023 Feb 3;85(3):20. doi: 10.1007/s11538-023-01123-w. PMID: 36735105Free PMC Article
Luo Y, Xie Y, Xiao Y
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020;10:574806. Epub 2021 Feb 8 doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.574806. PMID: 33628742Free PMC Article
Macêdo VC, Lira PIC, Frias PG, Romaguera LMD, Caires SFF, Ximenes RAA
Rev Saude Publica 2017 Aug 17;51:78. doi: 10.11606/S1518-8787.2017051007066. PMID: 28832758Free PMC Article
Baughn RE, Musher DM
Clin Microbiol Rev 2005 Jan;18(1):205-16. doi: 10.1128/CMR.18.1.205-216.2005. PMID: 15653827Free PMC Article
Larsen SA
Clin Lab Med 1989 Sep;9(3):545-57. PMID: 2676323

Recent systematic reviews

Wu S, Wang J, Guo Q, Lan H, Sun Y, Ren M, Liu Y, Wang P, Wang L, Su R, Zhang J, Chen Y, Li G
Clin Microbiol Infect 2023 Aug;29(8):1000-1007. Epub 2023 Mar 13 doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.03.002. PMID: 36921717
Tsuboi M, Evans J, Davies EP, Rowley J, Korenromp EL, Clayton T, Taylor MM, Mabey D, Chico RM
Lancet Glob Health 2021 Aug;9(8):e1110-e1118. Epub 2021 Jul 8 doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00221-7. PMID: 34246332Free PMC Article
Park IU, Tran A, Pereira L, Fakile Y
Clin Infect Dis 2020 Jun 24;71(Suppl 1):S13-S20. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa349. PMID: 32578866Free PMC Article
Trinh T, Leal AF, Mello MB, Taylor MM, Barrow R, Wi TE, Kamb ML
Sex Reprod Health Matters 2019 Dec;27(1):69-82. doi: 10.1080/26410397.2019.1691897. PMID: 31884900Free PMC Article
Clement ME, Okeke NL, Hicks CB
JAMA 2014 Nov 12;312(18):1905-17. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.13259. PMID: 25387188Free PMC Article

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