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Testicular Mixed Embryonal Carcinoma and Seminoma

MedGen UID:
237003
•Concept ID:
C1336715
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Mixed Embryonal Carcinoma and Seminoma of Testis; Mixed Embryonal Carcinoma and Seminoma of the Testis

Definition

A malignant mixed germ cell tumor arising from the testis. It is characterized by the presence of a mixture of embryonal carcinoma and a seminomatous component. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVTesticular Mixed Embryonal Carcinoma and Seminoma

Professional guidelines

PubMed

D2-40 immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis of seminoma and embryonal carcinoma: a comparative immunohistochemical study with KIT (CD117) and CD30.
Lau SK, Weiss LM, Chu PG
Mod Pathol 2007 Mar;20(3):320-5. Epub 2007 Feb 2 doi: 10.1038/modpathol.3800749. PMID: 17277761
Germ cell tumors of the gonads: a selective review emphasizing problems in differential diagnosis, newly appreciated, and controversial issues.
Ulbright TM
Mod Pathol 2005 Feb;18 Suppl 2:S61-79. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.3800310. PMID: 15761467
Cisplatin, vinblastine and bleocin in the treatment of disseminated testicular cancer.
Koynov KD, Tzekova VI, Velikova MT
Int Urol Nephrol 1993;25(4):389-94. PMID: 7506242

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

SOX2 and PRAME in the "reprogramming" of seminoma cells.
Orsatti A, Sirolli M, Ambrosi F, Franceschini T, Giunchi F, Franchini E, Grillini M, Massari F, Mollica V, Bianchi FM, Colecchia M, Fiorentino M, Ricci C
Pathol Res Pract 2022 Sep;237:154044. Epub 2022 Jul 28 doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154044. PMID: 35930824
Intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the testis: a brief review.
Al-Hussain T, Bakshi N, Akhtar M
Adv Anat Pathol 2015 May;22(3):202-12. doi: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000066. PMID: 25844678
Sodium/iodide symporter is expressed in the majority of seminomas and embryonal testicular carcinomas.
Micali S, Maggisano V, Cesinaro A, Celano M, Territo A, Reggiani Bonetti L, Sponziello M, Migaldi M, Navarra M, Bianchi G, Filetti S, Russo D
J Endocrinol 2013 Feb;216(2):125-33. Epub 2013 Jan 18 doi: 10.1530/JOE-12-0495. PMID: 23117572
An overview of testicular germ cell tumors.
Bahrami A, Ro JY, Ayala AG
Arch Pathol Lab Med 2007 Aug;131(8):1267-80. doi: 10.5858/2007-131-1267-AOOTGC. PMID: 17683189
Germ cell neoplasms of the testis.
Ulbright TM
Am J Surg Pathol 1993 Nov;17(11):1075-91. doi: 10.1097/00000478-199311000-00001. PMID: 8214253

Diagnosis

Diagnostically misleading aberrant terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase expression in germ cell tumors.
Pęksa R, Kunc M, Bieńkowski M, Popęda M, Biernat W
Pol J Pathol 2022;73(2):159-165. doi: 10.5114/pjp.2022.120098. PMID: 36345953
Testicular embryonal carcinoma: a morphologic study of 180 cases highlighting unusual and unemphasized aspects.
Kao CS, Ulbright TM, Young RH, Idrees MT
Am J Surg Pathol 2014 May;38(5):689-97. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000171. PMID: 24503753
Testicular tumors--some new and a few perennial problems.
Young RH
Arch Pathol Lab Med 2008 Apr;132(4):548-64. doi: 10.5858/2008-132-548-TTNAAF. PMID: 18384207
Pathology of germ cell tumors of the testis.
Sesterhenn IA, Davis CJ Jr
Cancer Control 2004 Nov-Dec;11(6):374-87. doi: 10.1177/107327480401100605. PMID: 15625525
Testicular tumors: clinically relevant histological findings.
Ayala AG, Ro JY
Semin Urol Oncol 1998 May;16(2):72-81. PMID: 9649230

Therapy

The bromodomain inhibitor JQ1 triggers growth arrest and apoptosis in testicular germ cell tumours in vitro and in vivo.
Jostes S, Nettersheim D, Fellermeyer M, Schneider S, Hafezi F, Honecker F, Schumacher V, Geyer M, Kristiansen G, Schorle H
J Cell Mol Med 2017 Jul;21(7):1300-1314. Epub 2016 Dec 27 doi: 10.1111/jcmm.13059. PMID: 28026145Free PMC Article
Role of High-Dose Chemotherapy With Autologous Stem-Cell Rescue in Men With Previously Treated Germ Cell Tumors.
Pagliaro LC
J Clin Oncol 2017 Apr 1;35(10):1036-1040. Epub 2016 Dec 19 doi: 10.1200/JCO.2016.70.6523. PMID: 27992270
Recurrent seminomas: clinical features and biologic implications.
Som A, Zhu R, Guo CC, Efstathiou E, Xiao L, Pisters LL, Matin A, Tu SM
Urol Oncol 2012 Jul-Aug;30(4):494-501. Epub 2010 Sep 6 doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2010.05.011. PMID: 20822932Free PMC Article
Histologically pure seminoma with elevated alpha-fetoprotein: a clinicopathologic study of ten cases.
Nazeer T, Ro JY, Amato RJ, Park YW, Ordonez NG, Ayala AG
Oncol Rep 1998 Nov-Dec;5(6):1425-9. doi: 10.3892/or.5.6.1425. PMID: 9769381
Current concepts in clinical therapeutics: testicular cancer.
Bergmann KA
Clin Pharm 1987 Sep;6(9):693-706. PMID: 2445518

Prognosis

Age-incidence patterns of seminoma and nonseminoma among males and females in Germany and the United States, 2008-2016.
Stang A, Trocchi P, Kajüter H, Trabert B, Oosterhuis JW, McGlynn KA
Andrology 2023 Jan;11(1):65-72. Epub 2022 Sep 12 doi: 10.1111/andr.13282. PMID: 36059277
Sodium/iodide symporter is expressed in the majority of seminomas and embryonal testicular carcinomas.
Micali S, Maggisano V, Cesinaro A, Celano M, Territo A, Reggiani Bonetti L, Sponziello M, Migaldi M, Navarra M, Bianchi G, Filetti S, Russo D
J Endocrinol 2013 Feb;216(2):125-33. Epub 2013 Jan 18 doi: 10.1530/JOE-12-0495. PMID: 23117572
An overview of testicular germ cell tumors.
Bahrami A, Ro JY, Ayala AG
Arch Pathol Lab Med 2007 Aug;131(8):1267-80. doi: 10.5858/2007-131-1267-AOOTGC. PMID: 17683189
From the archives of the AFIP: tumors and tumorlike lesions of the testis: radiologic-pathologic correlation.
Woodward PJ, Sohaey R, O'Donoghue MJ, Green DE
Radiographics 2002 Jan-Feb;22(1):189-216. doi: 10.1148/radiographics.22.1.g02ja14189. PMID: 11796908
Testicular tumors: clinically relevant histological findings.
Ayala AG, Ro JY
Semin Urol Oncol 1998 May;16(2):72-81. PMID: 9649230

Clinical prediction guides

Diagnostically misleading aberrant terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase expression in germ cell tumors.
Pęksa R, Kunc M, Bieńkowski M, Popęda M, Biernat W
Pol J Pathol 2022;73(2):159-165. doi: 10.5114/pjp.2022.120098. PMID: 36345953
SOX2 and PRAME in the "reprogramming" of seminoma cells.
Orsatti A, Sirolli M, Ambrosi F, Franceschini T, Giunchi F, Franchini E, Grillini M, Massari F, Mollica V, Bianchi FM, Colecchia M, Fiorentino M, Ricci C
Pathol Res Pract 2022 Sep;237:154044. Epub 2022 Jul 28 doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154044. PMID: 35930824
Sodium/iodide symporter is expressed in the majority of seminomas and embryonal testicular carcinomas.
Micali S, Maggisano V, Cesinaro A, Celano M, Territo A, Reggiani Bonetti L, Sponziello M, Migaldi M, Navarra M, Bianchi G, Filetti S, Russo D
J Endocrinol 2013 Feb;216(2):125-33. Epub 2013 Jan 18 doi: 10.1530/JOE-12-0495. PMID: 23117572
An overview of testicular germ cell tumors.
Bahrami A, Ro JY, Ayala AG
Arch Pathol Lab Med 2007 Aug;131(8):1267-80. doi: 10.5858/2007-131-1267-AOOTGC. PMID: 17683189
Testicular tumors: clinically relevant histological findings.
Ayala AG, Ro JY
Semin Urol Oncol 1998 May;16(2):72-81. PMID: 9649230

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