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Testicular Mixed Yolk Sac Tumor and Teratoma

MedGen UID:
277814
•Concept ID:
C1336721
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Mixed Endodermal Sinus Neoplasm and Teratoma of Testis; Mixed Endodermal Sinus Neoplasm and Teratoma of the Testis; Mixed Endodermal Sinus Tumor and Teratoma of Testis; Mixed Endodermal Sinus Tumor and Teratoma of the Testis; Mixed Yolk Sac Neoplasm and Teratoma of Testis; Mixed Yolk Sac Neoplasm and Teratoma of the Testis; Mixed Yolk Sac Tumor and Teratoma of Testis; Mixed Yolk Sac Tumor and Teratoma of the Testis; Testicular Mixed Endodermal Sinus Neoplasm and Teratoma; Testicular Mixed Endodermal Sinus Tumor and Teratoma; Testicular Mixed Yolk Sac Neoplasm and Teratoma

Definition

A malignant non-seminomatous germ cell tumor arising from the testis. It is characterized by a mixture of yolk sac and teratomatous morphologic elements. Patients may present with painless or painful testicular swelling. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVTesticular Mixed Yolk Sac Tumor and Teratoma

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Role of HNF1β in the differential diagnosis of yolk sac tumor from other germ cell tumors.
Rougemont AL, Tille JC
Hum Pathol 2018 Nov;81:26-36. Epub 2018 May 16 doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.04.025. PMID: 29753846
Characteristics, treatment decisions and outcomes of prepubertal testicular germ cell tumor: A descriptive analysis from a large Chinese center.
Liu P, Li W, Song HC, Jiao LL, Zhang WP, Sun N
J Pediatr Urol 2018 Oct;14(5):443.e1-443.e7. Epub 2018 Apr 3 doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.02.030. PMID: 29705139
The treatment of cranial germ cell tumours.
Brandes AA, Pasetto LM, Monfardini S
Cancer Treat Rev 2000 Aug;26(4):233-42. doi: 10.1053/ctrv.2000.0169. PMID: 10913379

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Associations between birth defects and childhood and adolescent germ cell tumors according to sex, histologic subtype, and site.
Schraw JM, Sok P, Desrosiers TA, Janitz AE, Langlois PH, Canfield MA, Frazier AL, Plon SE, Lupo PJ, Poynter JN
Cancer 2023 Oct 15;129(20):3300-3308. Epub 2023 Jun 27 doi: 10.1002/cncr.34906. PMID: 37366624Free PMC Article
A case of vasculogenic mesenchymal tumor in the mediastinum: whole-exome sequencing reveals origin from pre-existing germ cell tumor.
Fujii H, Yamada Y, Yamamura K, Ishida Y, Tsujimura M, Matsumoto K, Tanaka S, Date H, Nishikawa T, Yoshida Y, Kashima J, Yatabe Y, Ogawa S, Marx A, Ulbright TM, Haga H
Virchows Arch 2023 May;482(5):923-927. Epub 2023 Mar 21 doi: 10.1007/s00428-023-03529-2. PMID: 36943470
Testicular Tumors: A Contemporary Update on Morphologic, Immunohistochemical and Molecular Features.
Al-Obaidy KI, Idrees MT
Adv Anat Pathol 2021 Jul 1;28(4):258-275. doi: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000302. PMID: 33871428
Differences in DNA methylation profiles by histologic subtype of paediatric germ cell tumours: a report from the Children's Oncology Group.
Williams LA, Mills L, Hooten AJ, Langer E, Roesler M, Frazier AL, Krailo M, Nelson HH, Bestrashniy J, Amatruda JF, Poynter JN
Br J Cancer 2018 Oct;119(7):864-872. Epub 2018 Oct 5 doi: 10.1038/s41416-018-0277-5. PMID: 30287918Free PMC Article
Intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the testis: a brief review.
Al-Hussain T, Bakshi N, Akhtar M
Adv Anat Pathol 2015 May;22(3):202-12. doi: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000066. PMID: 25844678

Diagnosis

Testicular Mixed Teratoma and Yolk Sac Tumor, Prepubertal Type: A Case Report with Summary of Prior Published Cases.
Mohin M, Dey S, Ray R, Wasim Sk F, Das O, Chatterjee U
Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2024 Mar-Apr;43(2):182-187. Epub 2023 Nov 9 doi: 10.1080/15513815.2023.2279132. PMID: 37946365
Testicular Tumors: A Contemporary Update on Morphologic, Immunohistochemical and Molecular Features.
Al-Obaidy KI, Idrees MT
Adv Anat Pathol 2021 Jul 1;28(4):258-275. doi: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000302. PMID: 33871428
Tumors of the Testis: Morphologic Features and Molecular Alterations.
Howitt BE, Berney DM
Surg Pathol Clin 2015 Dec;8(4):687-716. doi: 10.1016/j.path.2015.07.007. PMID: 26612222
Malignant germ cell tumours in the elderly: a histopathological review of 50 cases in men aged 60 years or over.
Berney DM, Warren AY, Verma M, Kudahetti S, Robson JM, Williams MW, Neal DE, Powles T, Shamash J, Oliver RT
Mod Pathol 2008 Jan;21(1):54-9. Epub 2007 Nov 2 doi: 10.1038/modpathol.3800978. PMID: 17975539
Germ-cell tumors of the mediastinum.
Weidner N
Semin Diagn Pathol 1999 Feb;16(1):42-50. PMID: 10355653

Therapy

Pathologic findings and clinical outcomes in patients who required neoadjuvant chemotherapy before orchiectomy for testicular germ cell tumors.
Stump JA, Acosta AM, Whaley RD, Cheng L, Fang AM, Rais-Bahrami S, Gordetsky JB
Hum Pathol 2022 Oct;128:48-55. Epub 2022 Jul 9 doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2022.06.026. PMID: 35817140
A multicentre retrospective cohort study of ovarian germ cell tumours: Evidence for chemotherapy de-escalation and alignment of paediatric and adult practice.
Newton C, Murali K, Ahmad A, Hockings H, Graham R, Liberale V, Sarker SJ, Ledermann J, Berney DM, Shamash J, Banerjee S, Stoneham S, Lockley M
Eur J Cancer 2019 May;113:19-27. Epub 2019 Apr 4 doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.03.001. PMID: 30954883Free PMC Article
Prepubertal testicular and paratesticular tumors in China: a single-center experience over a 10-year period.
Wang X, Xu S, Tang D, Li M, Wu D, Huang Y
J Pediatr Surg 2012 Aug;47(8):1576-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2011.11.005. PMID: 22901920
Survival after an antiangiogenetic therapy and surgery in a wide spread growing teratoma originating from a testicular mixed malignant germ cell tumor.
Calaminus G, Schneider DT, Weissbach L, Schönberger S, Okpanyi V, Leuschner I, Poremba C, Göbel U
Klin Padiatr 2009 May-Jun;221(3):136-40. Epub 2009 May 12 doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1220738. PMID: 19437360
Prognostic value of tumor size, metastases, extension into bone, and increased tumor marker in children with malignant sacrococcygeal germ cell tumors: a prospective evaluation of 71 patients treated in the German cooperative protocols Maligne Keimzelltumoren (MAKEI) 83/86 and MAKEI 89.
Calaminus G, Schneider DT, Bökkerink JP, Gadner H, Harms D, Willers R, Göbel U
J Clin Oncol 2003 Mar 1;21(5):781-6. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2003.03.125. PMID: 12610174

Prognosis

Variations in germ cell tumor histology by age and implications for cancer-specific survival among pediatric and adult males: A population-based study.
Mason JB, Srivastava A, Lanzotti NJ, Ellis JL, Carlo HND, Gearhart JP, Bowen DK, Gupta M, Picken MM, Gupta GN, Patel HD
Urol Oncol 2024 Sep;42(9):292.e17-292.e26. Epub 2024 Jun 4 doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.04.025. PMID: 38839493Free PMC Article
Perspectives in Pediatric Pathology, Chapter 25. Testicular and Paratesticular Tumors in the Pediatric Age Group.
Nistal M, Paniagua R, González-Peramato P, Reyes-Múgica M
Pediatr Dev Pathol 2016 Nov/Dec;19(6):471-492. Epub 2016 Sep 14 doi: 10.2350/16-09-1829-PER.1. PMID: 27626837
ZBTB16: a novel sensitive and specific biomarker for yolk sac tumor.
Xiao GQ, Li F, Unger PD, Katerji H, Yang Q, McMahon L, Burstein DE
Mod Pathol 2016 Jun;29(6):591-8. Epub 2016 Feb 26 doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.46. PMID: 26916077
Prepubertal testicular tumours and efficacy of testicular preserving surgery.
Bujons A, Sfulcini JC, Pascual M, Feu OA, Garat JM, Villavicencio H
BJU Int 2011 Jun;107(11):1812-6. Epub 2010 Oct 29 doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2010.09796.x. PMID: 21040368
Germ-cell tumors of the mediastinum.
Weidner N
Semin Diagn Pathol 1999 Feb;16(1):42-50. PMID: 10355653

Clinical prediction guides

Associations between birth defects and childhood and adolescent germ cell tumors according to sex, histologic subtype, and site.
Schraw JM, Sok P, Desrosiers TA, Janitz AE, Langlois PH, Canfield MA, Frazier AL, Plon SE, Lupo PJ, Poynter JN
Cancer 2023 Oct 15;129(20):3300-3308. Epub 2023 Jun 27 doi: 10.1002/cncr.34906. PMID: 37366624Free PMC Article
Testis-sparing surgery in children with testicular tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Miao X, Li Y, Zhou T, Lv M
Asian J Surg 2021 Dec;44(12):1503-1509. Epub 2021 Apr 21 doi: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2021.03.016. PMID: 33893031
Differences in DNA methylation profiles by histologic subtype of paediatric germ cell tumours: a report from the Children's Oncology Group.
Williams LA, Mills L, Hooten AJ, Langer E, Roesler M, Frazier AL, Krailo M, Nelson HH, Bestrashniy J, Amatruda JF, Poynter JN
Br J Cancer 2018 Oct;119(7):864-872. Epub 2018 Oct 5 doi: 10.1038/s41416-018-0277-5. PMID: 30287918Free PMC Article
ZBTB16: a novel sensitive and specific biomarker for yolk sac tumor.
Xiao GQ, Li F, Unger PD, Katerji H, Yang Q, McMahon L, Burstein DE
Mod Pathol 2016 Jun;29(6):591-8. Epub 2016 Feb 26 doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.46. PMID: 26916077
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is expressed in normal spermatogenesis but only infrequently in testicular germ cell tumours.
Schreck S, Buettner M, Kremmer E, Bogdan M, Herbst H, Niedobitek G
J Pathol 2006 Sep;210(1):26-31. doi: 10.1002/path.2014. PMID: 16783758

Recent systematic reviews

Testis-sparing surgery in children with testicular tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Miao X, Li Y, Zhou T, Lv M
Asian J Surg 2021 Dec;44(12):1503-1509. Epub 2021 Apr 21 doi: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2021.03.016. PMID: 33893031

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