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Multibacillary leprosy

MedGen UID:
288329
•Concept ID:
C1562585
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Borderline Lepromatous; Lepromatous, Borderline; Lepromatous, Midborderline; Leprosies, Multibacillary; Leprosy, Multibacillary; Midborderline Lepromatous; Multibacillary Leprosies; Multibacillary Leprosy
SNOMED CT: Multibacillary leprosy (416257001); MB leprosy (416257001)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0041751

Definition

A lepromatous form of leprosy that is characterized by numerous infiltrated skin lesions displaying high bacillary loads, impaired peripheral nerves, possible involvement of internal organs, and a Th2-mediated immune response. [from MONDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVMultibacillary leprosy

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Erythema Nodosum Leprosum: Update and challenges on the treatment of a neglected condition.
Costa PDSS, Fraga LR, Kowalski TW, Daxbacher ELR, Schuler-Faccini L, Vianna FSL
Acta Trop 2018 Jul;183:134-141. Epub 2018 Feb 21 doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.02.026. PMID: 29474830
Leprosy - an overview of clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment.
Fischer M
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2017 Aug;15(8):801-827. doi: 10.1111/ddg.13301. PMID: 28763601
Update on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of leprosy.
Reibel F, Cambau E, Aubry A
Med Mal Infect 2015 Sep;45(9):383-93. Epub 2015 Oct 1 doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2015.09.002. PMID: 26428602

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Factors associated with multibacillary leprosy in a region of northeastern Brazil.
Da Silva JC, De Oliveira RA, Siqueira Santos LF, Pascoal LM, Santos FS, Pereira de Jesus Costa AC, Costa Maia Dias IC, Tavares Palmeira Rolim IL, Graepp Fontoura I, Siqueira de Araujo Gordon A, Santos Melo Lobato J, Arrais Sampaio Santos FA, Bezerra JM, Fontoura VM, Vieira Ramos AC, Hunaldo Dos Santos L, Santos Neto M
J Infect Dev Ctries 2023 Jun 30;17(6):846-853. doi: 10.3855/jidc.17284. PMID: 37406066
Frequent testicular involvement in multibacillary leprosy.
Gunawan H, Achdiat PA, Rahardjo RM, Hindritiani R, Suwarsa O
Int J Infect Dis 2020 Jan;90:60-64. Epub 2019 Oct 18 doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.10.013. PMID: 31634613
Diet and nutrition: An important risk factor in leprosy.
Dwivedi VP, Banerjee A, Das I, Saha A, Dutta M, Bhardwaj B, Biswas S, Chattopadhyay D
Microb Pathog 2019 Dec;137:103714. Epub 2019 Sep 4 doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103714. PMID: 31493502
Update on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of leprosy.
Reibel F, Cambau E, Aubry A
Med Mal Infect 2015 Sep;45(9):383-93. Epub 2015 Oct 1 doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2015.09.002. PMID: 26428602
Epidemiological situation of leprosy in Salvador from 2001 to 2009.
Moreira SC, Batos CJ, Tawil L
An Bras Dermatol 2014 Jan-Feb;89(1):107-17. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20142175. PMID: 24626655Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Leprosy among new child cases in China: Epidemiological and clinical analysis from 2011 to 2020.
Peng J, Sun P, Wang L, Wang H, Long S, Yu MW
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023 Feb;17(2):e0011092. Epub 2023 Feb 17 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011092. PMID: 36800375Free PMC Article
Diet and nutrition: An important risk factor in leprosy.
Dwivedi VP, Banerjee A, Das I, Saha A, Dutta M, Bhardwaj B, Biswas S, Chattopadhyay D
Microb Pathog 2019 Dec;137:103714. Epub 2019 Sep 4 doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103714. PMID: 31493502
Understanding "patient discharge in leprosy": a concept analysis.
Pinheiro MGC, Miranda FAN, Simpson CA, Carvalho FPB, Ataide CAV, Lira ALBC
Rev Gaucha Enferm 2018 Jun 7;38(4):e63290. doi: 10.1590/1983-1447.2017.04.63290. PMID: 29933418
Update on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of leprosy.
Reibel F, Cambau E, Aubry A
Med Mal Infect 2015 Sep;45(9):383-93. Epub 2015 Oct 1 doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2015.09.002. PMID: 26428602
Leprous neuropathy.
de Freitas MR, Said G
Handb Clin Neurol 2013;115:499-514. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52902-2.00028-X. PMID: 23931798

Therapy

Gene expression patterns associated with multidrug therapy in multibacillary leprosy.
Ferreira H, Leal-Calvo T, Mendes MA, Avanzi C, Busso P, Benjak A, Sales AM, Ferreira CP, de Berrêdo-Pinho M, Cole ST, Sarno EN, Moraes MO, Pinheiro RO
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022;12:917282. Epub 2022 Jul 22 doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.917282. PMID: 35937686Free PMC Article
Understanding "patient discharge in leprosy": a concept analysis.
Pinheiro MGC, Miranda FAN, Simpson CA, Carvalho FPB, Ataide CAV, Lira ALBC
Rev Gaucha Enferm 2018 Jun 7;38(4):e63290. doi: 10.1590/1983-1447.2017.04.63290. PMID: 29933418
Update on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of leprosy.
Reibel F, Cambau E, Aubry A
Med Mal Infect 2015 Sep;45(9):383-93. Epub 2015 Oct 1 doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2015.09.002. PMID: 26428602
Leprosy.
Smith WC, Saunderson P
BMJ Clin Evid 2010 Jun 28;2010 PMID: 21418690Free PMC Article
Leprosy.
Lockwood DNj
BMJ Clin Evid 2007 Apr 1;2007 PMID: 19454067Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Co-infection leprosy and tuberculosis: a systematic review.
Cavalcante Trindade L, Da Silveira Mendes M, Conceição Martins L, Carlos Evangelista de A Bonfim A, Fonseca FLA
J Infect Dev Ctries 2021 Nov 30;15(11):1569-1577. doi: 10.3855/jidc.14308. PMID: 34898480
COVID-19, leprosy, and neutrophils.
Schmitz V, Dos Santos JB
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021 Jan;15(1):e0009019. Epub 2021 Jan 7 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009019. PMID: 33411735Free PMC Article
Incidence of and Factors Associated With Leprosy Among Household Contacts of Patients With Leprosy in Brazil.
Teixeira CSS, Pescarini JM, Alves FJO, Nery JS, Sanchez MN, Teles C, Ichihara MYT, Ramond A, Smeeth L, Fernandes Penna ML, Rodrigues LC, Brickley EB, Penna GO, Barreto ML, Silva RCR
JAMA Dermatol 2020 Jun 1;156(6):640-648. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.0653. PMID: 32293649Free PMC Article
Blood coagulation abnormalities in multibacillary leprosy patients.
Silva DSD, Teixeira LAC, Beghini DG, Ferreira ATDS, Pinho MBM, Rosa PS, Ribeiro MR, Freire MDC, Hacker MA, Nery JADC, Pessolani MCV, Tovar AMF, Sarno EN, Perales J, Bozza FA, Esquenazi D, Monteiro RQ, Lara FA
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018 Mar;12(3):e0006214. Epub 2018 Mar 22 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006214. PMID: 29565968Free PMC Article
HLA and leprosy in the pre and postgenomic eras.
Geluk A, Ottenhoff TH
Hum Immunol 2006 Jun;67(6):439-45. Epub 2006 Apr 3 doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2006.03.009. PMID: 16728267

Clinical prediction guides

Frequent testicular involvement in multibacillary leprosy.
Gunawan H, Achdiat PA, Rahardjo RM, Hindritiani R, Suwarsa O
Int J Infect Dis 2020 Jan;90:60-64. Epub 2019 Oct 18 doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.10.013. PMID: 31634613
Clinical and Neurophysiological Features of Leprosy Patients with Neuropathic Pain.
Giesel LM, Pitta IJR, da Silveira RC, Andrade LR, Vital RT, Nery JADC, Hacker MAVB, Sarno EN, Rodrigues MMJ
Am J Trop Med Hyg 2018 Jun;98(6):1609-1613. Epub 2018 Mar 29 doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0817. PMID: 29611495Free PMC Article
Leprosy.
Smith WC, Saunderson P
BMJ Clin Evid 2010 Jun 28;2010 PMID: 21418690Free PMC Article
Leprosy.
Lockwood DNj
BMJ Clin Evid 2007 Apr 1;2007 PMID: 19454067Free PMC Article
HLA and leprosy in the pre and postgenomic eras.
Geluk A, Ottenhoff TH
Hum Immunol 2006 Jun;67(6):439-45. Epub 2006 Apr 3 doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2006.03.009. PMID: 16728267

Recent systematic reviews

Bacterial, fungal and parasitic co-infections in leprosy: A scoping review.
Fróes LAR Jr, Toma TS, Jachiet M, Rousset L, Poderoso RE, Trindade MAB
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023 May;17(5):e0011334. Epub 2023 May 22 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011334. PMID: 37216331Free PMC Article
Co-infection leprosy and tuberculosis: a systematic review.
Cavalcante Trindade L, Da Silveira Mendes M, Conceição Martins L, Carlos Evangelista de A Bonfim A, Fonseca FLA
J Infect Dev Ctries 2021 Nov 30;15(11):1569-1577. doi: 10.3855/jidc.14308. PMID: 34898480
Individual and community factors determining delayed leprosy case detection: A systematic review.
Dharmawan Y, Fuady A, Korfage I, Richardus JH
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021 Aug;15(8):e0009651. Epub 2021 Aug 12 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009651. PMID: 34383768Free PMC Article
Leprosy.
Smith WC, Saunderson P
BMJ Clin Evid 2010 Jun 28;2010 PMID: 21418690Free PMC Article
Leprosy.
Lockwood DNj
BMJ Clin Evid 2007 Apr 1;2007 PMID: 19454067Free PMC Article

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