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Urinary bladder sphincter dysfunction

MedGen UID:
334804
Concept ID:
C1843663
Finding
Synonym: Sphincter disturbances
 
HPO: HP:0002839

Definition

Abnormal function of a sphincter of the urinary bladder. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVUrinary bladder sphincter dysfunction

Conditions with this feature

Azorean disease
MedGen UID:
9841
Concept ID:
C0024408
Disease or Syndrome
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), also known as Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), is characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia and variable findings including pyramidal signs, a dystonic-rigid extrapyramidal syndrome, significant peripheral amyotrophy and generalized areflexia, progressive external ophthalmoplegia, action-induced facial and lingual fasciculations, and bulging eyes. Neurologic findings tend to evolve as the disorder progresses.
Adrenoleukodystrophy
MedGen UID:
57667
Concept ID:
C0162309
Disease or Syndrome
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) affects the nervous system white matter and the adrenal cortex. Three main phenotypes are seen in affected males: The childhood cerebral form manifests most commonly between ages four and eight years. It initially resembles attention-deficit disorder or hyperactivity; progressive impairment of cognition, behavior, vision, hearing, and motor function follow the initial symptoms and often lead to total disability within six months to two years. Most individuals have impaired adrenocortical function at the time that neurologic disturbances are first noted. Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) manifests most commonly in an individual in his twenties or middle age as progressive stiffness and weakness of the legs, sphincter disturbances, sexual dysfunction, and often, impaired adrenocortical function; all symptoms are progressive over decades. "Addison disease only" presents with primary adrenocortical insufficiency between age two years and adulthood and most commonly by age 7.5 years, without evidence of neurologic abnormality; however, some degree of neurologic disability (most commonly AMN) usually develops by middle age. More than 20% of female carriers develop mild-to-moderate spastic paraparesis in middle age or later. Adrenal function is usually normal.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1
MedGen UID:
155703
Concept ID:
C0752120
Disease or Syndrome
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, and eventual deterioration of bulbar functions. Early in the disease, affected individuals may have gait disturbance, slurred speech, difficulty with balance, brisk deep tendon reflexes, hypermetric saccades, nystagmus, and mild dysphagia. Later signs include slowing of saccadic velocity, development of up-gaze palsy, dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesia, and hypotonia. In advanced stages, muscle atrophy, decreased deep tendon reflexes, loss of proprioception, cognitive impairment (e.g., frontal executive dysfunction, impaired verbal memory), chorea, dystonia, and bulbar dysfunction are seen. Onset is typically in the third or fourth decade, although childhood onset and late-adult onset have been reported. Those with onset after age 60 years may manifest a pure cerebellar phenotype. Interval from onset to death varies from ten to 30 years; individuals with juvenile onset show more rapid progression and more severe disease. Anticipation is observed. An axonal sensory neuropathy detected by electrophysiologic testing is common; brain imaging typically shows cerebellar and brain stem atrophy.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2
MedGen UID:
155704
Concept ID:
C0752121
Disease or Syndrome
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia, including nystagmus, slow saccadic eye movements, and in some individuals, ophthalmoparesis or parkinsonism. Pyramidal findings are present; deep tendon reflexes are brisk early on and absent later in the course. Age of onset is typically in the fourth decade with a ten- to 15-year disease duration.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 6
MedGen UID:
324965
Concept ID:
C1838192
Disease or Syndrome
A form of hereditary spastic paraplegia which usually presents in late adolescence or early adulthood as a pure phenotype of lower limb spasticity with hyperreflexia and extensor plantar responses, as well as mild bladder disturbances and pes cavus. Rarely, it can present as a complex phenotype with additional manifestations including epilepsy, variable peripheral neuropathy and/or memory impairment. Caused by mutations in the NIPA1 gene (15q11.2) encoding the magnesium transporter NIPA1.
Spastic paraplegia, ataxia, and intellectual disability
MedGen UID:
336010
Concept ID:
C1843661
Disease or Syndrome
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 16
MedGen UID:
375796
Concept ID:
C1846046
Disease or Syndrome
Spastic paraplegias (SPGs) are a genetically heterogeneous group of neurologic disorders characterized by progressive weakness and spasticity of the legs. Complicated SPGs are accompanied by additional neurologic symptoms such as cerebellar ataxia, sensory loss, mental retardation, nystagmus, and optic atrophy (summary by Steinmuller et al., 1997). A locus for spastic paraplegia-16 has been mapped to Xq11.2-q23 (Steinmuller et al., 1997). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of X-linked spastic paraplegia, see 303350.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 7
MedGen UID:
339552
Concept ID:
C1846564
Disease or Syndrome
Spastic paraplegia 7 (SPG7) is characterized by insidiously progressive bilateral leg weakness and spasticity. Most affected individuals have decreased vibration sense and cerebellar signs. Onset is mostly in adulthood, although symptoms may start as early as age 11 years and as late as age 72 years. Additional features including ataxia (gait and limbs), spastic dysarthria, dysphagia, pale optic disks, ataxia, nystagmus, strabismus, ptosis, hearing loss, motor and sensory neuropathy, amyotrophy, scoliosis, pes cavus, and urinary sphincter disturbances may be observed.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 19
MedGen UID:
335494
Concept ID:
C1846685
Disease or Syndrome
A pure form of hereditary spastic paraplegia with characteristics of a slowly progressive and relatively benign spastic paraplegia presenting in adulthood with spastic gait, lower limb hyperreflexia, extensor plantar responses, bladder dysfunction (urinary urgency and/or incontinence), and mild sensory and motor peripheral neuropathy.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 15
MedGen UID:
341387
Concept ID:
C1849128
Disease or Syndrome
Spastic paraplegia 15 (SPG15), typically an early-onset complex hereditary spastic paraplegia, is characterized by progressive spasticity that begins in the lower extremities and is associated with several manifestations resulting from central and peripheral nervous system dysfunction. While onset of spasticity is typically in mid- to late childhood or adolescence (i.e., between ages 5 and 18 years), other manifestations, such as developmental delay or learning disability, may be present earlier, often preceding motor involvement. Individuals with adult onset have also been reported.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 13
MedGen UID:
344289
Concept ID:
C1854467
Disease or Syndrome
A rare hereditary spastic paraplegia with characteristics of progressive spastic paraplegia with pyramidal signs in the lower limbs, decreased vibration sense, and increased reflexes in the upper limbs. Caused by heterozygous mutation in the HSPD1 on chromosome 2q33.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 12
MedGen UID:
347618
Concept ID:
C1858106
Disease or Syndrome
Spastic paraplegia-12 (SPG12) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by lower limb spasticity and hyperreflexia, resulting in walking difficulties. Some patients may have urinary symptoms and distal sensory impairment. Age at onset ranges from childhood to adulthood (summary by Montenegro et al., 2012). For a general description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia, see SPG3A (182600).
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 11
MedGen UID:
388073
Concept ID:
C1858479
Disease or Syndrome
Spastic paraplegia 11 (SPG11) is characterized by progressive spasticity and weakness of the lower limbs frequently associated with the following: mild intellectual disability with learning difficulties in childhood and/or progressive cognitive decline; peripheral neuropathy; pseudobulbar involvement; and increased reflexes in the upper limbs. Less frequent findings include: cerebellar signs (ataxia, nystagmus, saccadic pursuit); retinal degeneration; pes cavus; scoliosis; and parkinsonism with characteristic brain MRI features that include thinning of the corpus callosum. Onset occurs mainly during infancy or adolescence (range: age 1-31 years) and in rare cases as late as age 60 years. Most affected individuals become wheelchair bound one or two decades after disease onset.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 10
MedGen UID:
349003
Concept ID:
C1858712
Disease or Syndrome
Spastic paraplegia-10 (SPG10) is an autosomal dominant neurologic disorder with variable manifestations. Some patients have onset of a 'pure' spastic paraplegia, with lower limb spasticity, hyperreflexia, extensor plantar responses, and variable involvement of the upper limbs beginning in childhood or young adulthood. Some patients show distal sensory impairment, which can be part of the 'pure' phenotype. However, some patients also show an axonal sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy with distal sensory impairment and distal muscle atrophy reminiscent of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 (see, e.g., CMT2A, 118210). Rarely, patients with KIF5A mutations may have additional neurologic features, including parkinsonism or cognitive decline, consistent with a 'complicated' phenotype. Spastic paraplegia and peripheral neuropathy in isolation may represent extreme ends of the phenotypic spectrum of KIF5A mutations (summary by Goizet et al., 2009 and Crimella et al., 2012). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia, see SPG3A (182600).
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 8
MedGen UID:
400359
Concept ID:
C1863704
Disease or Syndrome
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 8 (SPG8) is a slowly progressive pure spastic paraplegia of the lower limbs (i.e., pyramidal signs including hyperreflexia, spasticity, and occasionally clonus without other neurologic findings). Some affected individuals have urinary urgency that usually becomes apparent at the same time as the spasticity. Onset is between ages ten and 59 years. Affected individuals often become wheelchair dependent. While intra- and interfamilial phenotypic variability is high, SPG8 is typically more severe than other types of hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 4
MedGen UID:
401097
Concept ID:
C1866855
Disease or Syndrome
Spastic paraplegia 4 (SPG4; also known as SPAST-HSP) is characterized by insidiously progressive bilateral lower-limb gait spasticity. More than 50% of affected individuals have some weakness in the legs and impaired vibration sense at the ankles. Sphincter disturbances are very common. Onset is insidious, mostly in young adulthood, although symptoms may start as early as age one year and as late as age 76 years. Intrafamilial variation is considerable.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 3A
MedGen UID:
419393
Concept ID:
C2931355
Disease or Syndrome
Spastic paraplegia 3A (SPG3A; also known as ATL1-HSP) is characterized by progressive bilateral and mostly symmetric spasticity and weakness of the legs. Compared to other forms of autosomal dominant hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), in which diminished vibration sense (caused by degeneration of the corticospinal tracts and dorsal columns) and urinary bladder hyperactivity are present in all affected individuals, these findings occur in a minority of individuals with SPG3A. The average age of onset is four years. More than 80% of reported individuals manifest spastic gait before the end of the first decade of life. Most persons with early-onset ATL1-HSP have a "pure" ("uncomplicated") HSP; however, complicated HSP with axonal motor neuropathy and/or distal amyotrophy with lower motor neuron involvement (Silver syndrome phenotype) has been observed. The rate of progression in ATL1-HSP is slow, and wheelchair dependency or need for a walking aid (cane, walker, or wheelchair) is relatively rare.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 30
MedGen UID:
1710020
Concept ID:
C5235139
Disease or Syndrome
Spastic paraplegia-30A (SPG30A) is a neurologic disorder characterized by onset of slowly progressive spastic paraplegia in the first or second decades of life. Affected individuals have unsteady spastic gait and hyperreflexia of the lower limbs. Most patients have a 'pure' form of the disorder, limited to spastic paraplegia, whereas some may have a 'complicated' form that includes mild cognitive dysfunction, learning disabilities, or behavioral abnormalities, peripheral axonal sensorimotor neuropathy, and urinary sphincter problems. The phenotypic features represent a spectrum of abnormalities of the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous system (summary by Pennings et al., 2020). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia, see SPG3A (182600).
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 72
MedGen UID:
1847422
Concept ID:
C5882669
Disease or Syndrome
Hereditary spastic paraplegia-72A (SPG72A) is a pure form of spastic paraplegia with onset of difficulty walking and stiff legs associated with hyperreflexia and extensor plantar responses in early childhood. The disorder is slowly progressive, and some patients develop the need for assistance in walking. Some patients may have pes cavus or sphincter disturbances. Cognition, speech, and ocular function are normal (summary by Esteves et al., 2014). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia, see SPG3A (182600).

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Playfair M, Elliott S, Welk B
World J Urol 2023 Nov;41(11):3317-3323. Epub 2023 Sep 14 doi: 10.1007/s00345-023-04603-9. PMID: 37710012
Bentellis I, Amarenco G, Gamé X, Jericevic D, El-Akri M, Voiry C, Freton L, Hascoet J, Alimi Q, Kerdraon J, Brucker BM, Peyronnet B
Clin Auton Res 2019 Sep;29(Suppl 1):65-74. Epub 2019 Aug 26 doi: 10.1007/s10286-019-00627-7. PMID: 31452024Free PMC Article
Sangsawang B, Sangsawang N
Int Urogynecol J 2013 Jun;24(6):901-12. Epub 2013 Feb 23 doi: 10.1007/s00192-013-2061-7. PMID: 23436035Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Clark CB, Ragam R, Das AK, Shenot PJ
Can J Urol 2021 Aug;28(S2):33-37. PMID: 34453427
Hamid R, Averbeck MA, Chiang H, Garcia A, Al Mousa RT, Oh SJ, Patel A, Plata M, Del Popolo G
World J Urol 2018 Oct;36(10):1517-1527. Epub 2018 May 11 doi: 10.1007/s00345-018-2301-z. PMID: 29752515
Radadia KD, Farber NJ, Shinder B, Polotti CF, Milas LJ, Tunuguntla HSGR
Urology 2018 Mar;113:13-19. Epub 2017 Oct 12 doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2017.09.025. PMID: 29031841
Amarenco G, Sheikh Ismaël S, Chesnel C, Charlanes A, LE Breton F
Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2017 Dec;53(6):975-980. Epub 2017 Oct 25 doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.17.04992-9. PMID: 29072046
Proesmans W
Pediatr Nephrol 2008 Apr;23(4):537-40. Epub 2008 Feb 16 doi: 10.1007/s00467-008-0768-3. PMID: 18278519

Diagnosis

Clark CB, Ragam R, Das AK, Shenot PJ
Can J Urol 2021 Aug;28(S2):33-37. PMID: 34453427
Karmarkar R, Digesu A, Fernando R, Khullar V
Int Urogynecol J 2020 Dec;31(12):2589-2594. Epub 2020 Jul 1 doi: 10.1007/s00192-020-04409-y. PMID: 32613558
Amarenco G, Sheikh Ismaël S, Chesnel C, Charlanes A, LE Breton F
Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2017 Dec;53(6):975-980. Epub 2017 Oct 25 doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.17.04992-9. PMID: 29072046
Schurch B, Carda S
Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014 Jul;57(5):302-314. Epub 2014 Jun 5 doi: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.05.004. PMID: 24953702
Madersbacher HG
Curr Opin Urol 1999 Jul;9(4):303-7. doi: 10.1097/00042307-199907000-00005. PMID: 10459465

Therapy

Sigurdardottir T, Steingrimsdottir T, Geirsson RT, Halldorsson TI, Aspelund T, Bø K
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020 Mar;222(3):247.e1-247.e8. Epub 2019 Sep 14 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.09.011. PMID: 31526791
Arlen AM
Curr Urol Rep 2017 Feb;18(2):14. doi: 10.1007/s11934-017-0656-0. PMID: 28213858
Schurch B, Carda S
Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014 Jul;57(5):302-314. Epub 2014 Jun 5 doi: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.05.004. PMID: 24953702
Sangsawang B, Sangsawang N
Int Urogynecol J 2013 Jun;24(6):901-12. Epub 2013 Feb 23 doi: 10.1007/s00192-013-2061-7. PMID: 23436035Free PMC Article
Haab F, Yamaguchi R, Leach GE
Urol Clin North Am 1996 Aug;23(3):447-57. doi: 10.1016/s0094-0143(05)70324-4. PMID: 8701558

Prognosis

Panicker JN, Fowler CJ
Handb Clin Neurol 2015;130:371-81. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63247-0.00021-3. PMID: 26003255
Bozkurt M, Yumru AE, Şahin L
Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2014 Dec;53(4):452-8. doi: 10.1016/j.tjog.2014.08.001. PMID: 25510682
Nygaard IE, Heit M
Obstet Gynecol 2004 Sep;104(3):607-20. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000137874.84862.94. PMID: 15339776
Madersbacher HG
Curr Opin Urol 1999 Jul;9(4):303-7. doi: 10.1097/00042307-199907000-00005. PMID: 10459465
Hauri D
Urol Res 1978;6(3):113-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00261310. PMID: 81555

Clinical prediction guides

Sigurdardottir T, Steingrimsdottir T, Geirsson RT, Halldorsson TI, Aspelund T, Bø K
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020 Mar;222(3):247.e1-247.e8. Epub 2019 Sep 14 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.09.011. PMID: 31526791
Bentellis I, Amarenco G, Gamé X, Jericevic D, El-Akri M, Voiry C, Freton L, Hascoet J, Alimi Q, Kerdraon J, Brucker BM, Peyronnet B
Clin Auton Res 2019 Sep;29(Suppl 1):65-74. Epub 2019 Aug 26 doi: 10.1007/s10286-019-00627-7. PMID: 31452024Free PMC Article
Bozkurt M, Yumru AE, Şahin L
Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2014 Dec;53(4):452-8. doi: 10.1016/j.tjog.2014.08.001. PMID: 25510682
Leclair MD, Héloury Y
J Pediatr Urol 2010 Aug;6(4):338-45. Epub 2010 Feb 10 doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2010.01.006. PMID: 20149751
Nygaard IE, Heit M
Obstet Gynecol 2004 Sep;104(3):607-20. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000137874.84862.94. PMID: 15339776

Recent systematic reviews

Nardone R, Versace V, Sebastianelli L, Brigo F, Golaszewski S, Christova M, Saltuari L, Trinka E
Clin Neurophysiol 2019 Nov;130(11):2032-2037. Epub 2019 Sep 3 doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.08.020. PMID: 31541980
Pastore AL, Palleschi G, Illiano E, Zucchi A, Carbone A, Costantini E
Minerva Urol Nefrol 2017 Jun;69(3):234-241. Epub 2016 Nov 3 doi: 10.23736/S0393-2249.16.02790-9. PMID: 27808489
Dulskas A, Miliauskas P, Tikuisis R, Escalante R, Samalavicius NE
Acta Chir Belg 2016 Feb;116(1):1-10. doi: 10.1080/00015458.2015.1136482. PMID: 27385133
Utomo E, Groen J, Blok BF
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014 May 24;2014(5):CD004927. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004927.pub4. PMID: 24859260Free PMC Article
Veenboer PW, Bosch JL, van Asbeck FW, de Kort LM
PLoS One 2012;7(10):e48399. Epub 2012 Oct 31 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048399. PMID: 23119003Free PMC Article

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