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Trichilemmal cyst

MedGen UID:: 389216
•Concept ID:: C2266788
•: Disease or Syndrome

Synonym:	Trichilemmal cysts
SNOMED CT:	Trichilemmal cyst (419093005); Trichilemmal cyst (254677004); Follicular isthmus cyst (254677004); Isthmus catagen cyst (254677004)

HPO:	HP:0025246
Monarch Initiative:	MONDO:0012328

Definition

Nontender, round and firm, but slightly compressible, intradermal or subcutaneous cyst measuring 0.5-5 cm in diameter. Trichilemmal cysts are acquired rather than congenital, and tend to appear on the scalp rather than the face, and to be intradermal rather than subcutaneous. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

GTR
MeSH

CClinical test, RResearch test, OOMIM, GGeneReviews, VClinVar

CROGVTrichilemmal cyst

Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms
- Clinical finding
  - Lesion
    - Cyst
      - Cutaneous cyst
        Trichilemmal cyst

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of the malignant adnexal neoplasms of the head and neck.

Wierzbicka M, Kraiński P, Bartochowska A
Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023 Apr 1;31(2):134-145. Epub 2023 Jan 24 doi: 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000872. PMID: 36912226

Genotype-Phenotype Correlation in Trichilemmal Cysts.

Yousaf A, Tallman R, Katzman S, Brady C, Fang W, Kolodney MS
J Invest Dermatol 2021 Dec;141(12):2983-2985. Epub 2021 Jun 8 doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.05.018. PMID: 34116061 Free PMC Article

Differential and exclusive diagnosis of diseases that resemble keloids and hypertrophic scars.

Ogawa R, Akaishi S, Hyakusoku H
Ann Plast Surg 2009 Jun;62(6):660-4. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0b013e31817e9d67. PMID: 19461281

See all (5)

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Imaging findings of trichilemmal cyst and proliferating trichilemmal tumour.

Kawaguchi M, Kato H, Suzui N, Miyazaki T, Tomita H, Hara A, Matsuyama K, Seishima M, Matsuo M
Neuroradiol J 2021 Dec;34(6):615-621. Epub 2021 Jun 1 doi: 10.1177/19714009211017789. PMID: 34060944 Free PMC Article

Distinguishing a Trichilemmal Cyst From a Pilomatricoma With Ultrasound.

He P, Chen W, Zhang Q, Cui LG, Zhang Q
J Ultrasound Med 2020 Oct;39(10):1939-1945. Epub 2020 Apr 25 doi: 10.1002/jum.15298. PMID: 32333607

Trichilemmal Cyst: Clinical and Sonographic Features.

He P, Cui LG, Wang JR, Zhao B, Chen W, Xu Y
J Ultrasound Med 2019 Jan;38(1):91-96. Epub 2018 Apr 30 doi: 10.1002/jum.14666. PMID: 29708283

Benign follicular tumors.

Tellechea O, Cardoso JC, Reis JP, Ramos L, Gameiro AR, Coutinho I, Baptista AP
An Bras Dermatol 2015 Nov-Dec;90(6):780-96; quiz 797-8. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20154114. PMID: 26734858 Free PMC Article

Proliferating trichilemmal tumors: a review of the literature.

Satyaprakash AK, Sheehan DJ, Sangüeza OP
Dermatol Surg 2007 Sep;33(9):1102-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2007.33225.x. PMID: 17760602

See all (16)

Diagnosis

Pilomatrixoma and its Imitators.

Zhao A, Kedarisetty S, Arriola AGP, Isaacson G
Ear Nose Throat J 2024 Mar;103(3):183-189. Epub 2021 Sep 22 doi: 10.1177/01455613211044778. PMID: 34549614

Trichilemmal cysts with proteinaceous material: A potential diagnostic pitfall.

Mitsui Y, Ogawa K, Koga K, Goto K, Takai T, Anan T, Fukumoto T, Asada H
J Cutan Pathol 2022 Jun;49(6):515-524. Epub 2022 Feb 22 doi: 10.1111/cup.14214. PMID: 35166386

Distinguishing a Trichilemmal Cyst From a Pilomatricoma With Ultrasound.

He P, Chen W, Zhang Q, Cui LG, Zhang Q
J Ultrasound Med 2020 Oct;39(10):1939-1945. Epub 2020 Apr 25 doi: 10.1002/jum.15298. PMID: 32333607

Trichilemmal Cyst: Clinical and Sonographic Features.

He P, Cui LG, Wang JR, Zhao B, Chen W, Xu Y
J Ultrasound Med 2019 Jan;38(1):91-96. Epub 2018 Apr 30 doi: 10.1002/jum.14666. PMID: 29708283

Benign follicular tumors.

See all (67)

Therapy

Trichilemmal cyst nevus with a sebaceous nevus component.

Pelivani N, Houriet C, Haneke E
Dermatology 2010;221(4):289-91. Epub 2010 Aug 19 doi: 10.1159/000318903. PMID: 20720396

See all (1)

Prognosis

Scalp trichilemmal cyst: A case report.

Zhu Z, Yang X, Fu J, Zhang S, Chong Z
Medicine (Baltimore) 2023 Jul 14;102(28):e34213. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034213. PMID: 37443491 Free PMC Article

The Value of Ultrasound for Differentiating Trichilemmal Cysts From Epidermoid Cysts.

Ren WW, Wu L, Wang Q, Shan DD, Wang LF, Chen ZT, Li L, Sun LP, Guo LH, Xu HX
J Ultrasound Med 2023 Sep;42(9):1941-1950. Epub 2023 Mar 9 doi: 10.1002/jum.16211. PMID: 36896489

Distinguishing a Trichilemmal Cyst From a Pilomatricoma With Ultrasound.

He P, Chen W, Zhang Q, Cui LG, Zhang Q
J Ultrasound Med 2020 Oct;39(10):1939-1945. Epub 2020 Apr 25 doi: 10.1002/jum.15298. PMID: 32333607

Malignant proliferating trichilemmal cyst.

Weiss J, Heine M, Grimmel M, Jung EG
J Am Acad Dermatol 1995 May;32(5 Pt 2):870-3. doi: 10.1016/0190-9622(95)91550-8. PMID: 7722047

Proliferating trichilemmal cyst: a simulant of squamous cell carcinoma.

Brownstein MH, Arluk DJ
Cancer 1981 Sep 1;48(5):1207-14. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19810901)48:5<1207::aid-cncr2820480526>3.0.co;2-1. PMID: 6268280

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Clinical prediction guides

Trichilemmal cysts with proteinaceous material: A potential diagnostic pitfall.

Mitsui Y, Ogawa K, Koga K, Goto K, Takai T, Anan T, Fukumoto T, Asada H
J Cutan Pathol 2022 Jun;49(6):515-524. Epub 2022 Feb 22 doi: 10.1111/cup.14214. PMID: 35166386

Imaging findings of trichilemmal cyst and proliferating trichilemmal tumour.

Distinguishing a Trichilemmal Cyst From a Pilomatricoma With Ultrasound.

He P, Chen W, Zhang Q, Cui LG, Zhang Q
J Ultrasound Med 2020 Oct;39(10):1939-1945. Epub 2020 Apr 25 doi: 10.1002/jum.15298. PMID: 32333607

Ossifying trichilemmal cyst.

Pusiol T, Morichetti D, Zorzi MG, Piscioli F
Am J Dermatopathol 2011 Dec;33(8):867-8. doi: 10.1097/DAD.0b013e31821b0abd. PMID: 22042263

Proliferating trichilemmal cyst.

Poiares Baptista A, Garcia E Silva L, Born MC
J Cutan Pathol 1983 Jun;10(3):178-87. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.1983.tb00324.x. PMID: 6863684

See all (22)