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Retinitis pigmentosa 38(RP38)

MedGen UID:
462578
•Concept ID:
C3151228
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: ROD-CONE DYSTROPHY, CHILDHOOD-ONSET; RP38
 
Gene (location): MERTK (2q13)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0013469
OMIM®: 613862

Definition

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) describes a group of disorders with progressive degeneration of rod and cone photoreceptors in a rod-cone pattern of dysfunction. RP has a prevalence of 1 in 3,500, and is genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous (summary by Mackay et al., 2010). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of retinitis pigmentosa, see 268000. [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Night blindness
MedGen UID:
10349
•Concept ID:
C0028077
•
Disease or Syndrome
Inability to see well at night or in poor light.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Constriction of peripheral visual field
MedGen UID:
68613
•Concept ID:
C0235095
•
Finding
An absolute or relative decrease in retinal sensitivity extending from edge (periphery) of the visual field in a concentric pattern. The visual field is the area that is perceived simultaneously by a fixating eye.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Macular atrophy
MedGen UID:
140841
•Concept ID:
C0423421
•
Finding
Well-demarcated area(s) of partial or complete depigmentation in the macula, reflecting atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium with associated retinal photoreceptor loss.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Optic disc pallor
MedGen UID:
108218
•Concept ID:
C0554970
•
Finding
A pale yellow discoloration of the optic disc (the area of the optic nerve head in the retina). The optic disc normally has a pinkish hue with a central yellowish depression.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Progressive visual loss
MedGen UID:
326867
•Concept ID:
C1839364
•
Finding
A reduction of previously attained ability to see.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Peripheral retinal atrophy
MedGen UID:
765930
•Concept ID:
C3553016
•
Finding
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Rod-cone dystrophy
MedGen UID:
1632921
•Concept ID:
C4551714
•
Disease or Syndrome
An inherited retinal disease subtype in which the rod photoreceptors appear to be more severely affected than the cone photoreceptors. Typical presentation is with nyctalopia (due to rod dysfunction) followed by loss of mid-peripheral field of vision, which gradually extends and leaves many patients with a small central island of vision due to the preservation of macular cones.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Inherited retinal disorders: a genotype-phenotype correlation in an Indian cohort and the importance of genetic testing and genetic counselling.
Gopinath C, Rompicherla R, Mathias GP, Patil R, Poornachandra B, Vinekar A, Mochi TB, Braganza S, Shetty KB, Kumaramanickavel G, Ghosh A
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023 Jul;261(7):2003-2017. Epub 2023 Jan 17 doi: 10.1007/s00417-022-05955-5. PMID: 36648511

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Detailed Clinical, Ophthalmic, and Genetic Characterization of ADGRV1-Associated Usher Syndrome.
Daich Varela M, Wong SW, Kiray G, Schlottmann PG, Arno G, Shams ANA, Mahroo OA, Webster AR, AlTalbishi A, Michaelides M
Am J Ophthalmol 2023 Dec;256:186-195. Epub 2023 Jul 7 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.06.026. PMID: 37422204Free PMC Article
Efficacy and safety of setmelanotide, a melanocortin-4 receptor agonist, in patients with Bardet-Biedl syndrome and Alström syndrome: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial with an open-label period.
Haqq AM, Chung WK, Dollfus H, Haws RM, Martos-Moreno GÁ, Poitou C, Yanovski JA, Mittleman RS, Yuan G, Forsythe E, Clément K, Argente J
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2022 Dec;10(12):859-868. Epub 2022 Nov 7 doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00277-7. PMID: 36356613Free PMC Article
Retinitis pigmentosa-associated anterior subcapsular cataract: morphological features and visual performance.
Hou M, Bao X, Liu L, Ding Y, Luo F, Wu M
Int Ophthalmol 2021 Nov;41(11):3631-3639. Epub 2021 Jun 27 doi: 10.1007/s10792-021-01935-6. PMID: 34180018
Clinical Phenotype of PDE6B-Associated Retinitis Pigmentosa.
Kuehlewein L, Zobor D, Stingl K, Kempf M, Nasser F, Bernd A, Biskup S, Cremers FPM, Khan MI, Mazzola P, Schäferhoff K, Heinrich T, Haack TB, Wissinger B, Zrenner E, Weisschuh N, Kohl S
Int J Mol Sci 2021 Feb 27;22(5) doi: 10.3390/ijms22052374. PMID: 33673512Free PMC Article
Genomic Landscape of Sporadic Retinitis Pigmentosa: Findings from 877 Spanish Cases.
Martin-Merida I, Avila-Fernandez A, Del Pozo-Valero M, Blanco-Kelly F, Zurita O, Perez-Carro R, Aguilera-Garcia D, Riveiro-Alvarez R, Arteche A, Trujillo-Tiebas MJ, Tahsin-Swafiri S, Rodriguez-Pinilla E, Lorda-Sanchez I, Garcia-Sandoval B, Corton M, Ayuso C
Ophthalmology 2019 Aug;126(8):1181-1188. Epub 2019 Mar 20 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.03.018. PMID: 30902645

Diagnosis

Electrolyte Disorders in Mitochondrial Cytopathies: A Systematic Review.
Viering DHHM, Vermeltfoort L, Bindels RJM, Deinum J, de Baaij JHF
J Am Soc Nephrol 2023 Nov 1;34(11):1875-1888. Epub 2023 Sep 6 doi: 10.1681/ASN.0000000000000224. PMID: 37678265Free PMC Article
Detailed Clinical, Ophthalmic, and Genetic Characterization of ADGRV1-Associated Usher Syndrome.
Daich Varela M, Wong SW, Kiray G, Schlottmann PG, Arno G, Shams ANA, Mahroo OA, Webster AR, AlTalbishi A, Michaelides M
Am J Ophthalmol 2023 Dec;256:186-195. Epub 2023 Jul 7 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.06.026. PMID: 37422204Free PMC Article
Efficacy and safety of setmelanotide, a melanocortin-4 receptor agonist, in patients with Bardet-Biedl syndrome and Alström syndrome: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial with an open-label period.
Haqq AM, Chung WK, Dollfus H, Haws RM, Martos-Moreno GÁ, Poitou C, Yanovski JA, Mittleman RS, Yuan G, Forsythe E, Clément K, Argente J
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2022 Dec;10(12):859-868. Epub 2022 Nov 7 doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00277-7. PMID: 36356613Free PMC Article
Genetic characteristics of retinitis pigmentosa in 1204 Japanese patients.
Koyanagi Y, Akiyama M, Nishiguchi KM, Momozawa Y, Kamatani Y, Takata S, Inai C, Iwasaki Y, Kumano M, Murakami Y, Omodaka K, Abe T, Komori S, Gao D, Hirakata T, Kurata K, Hosono K, Ueno S, Hotta Y, Murakami A, Terasaki H, Wada Y, Nakazawa T, Ishibashi T, Ikeda Y, Kubo M, Sonoda KH
J Med Genet 2019 Oct;56(10):662-670. Epub 2019 Jun 17 doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105691. PMID: 31213501
Genomic Landscape of Sporadic Retinitis Pigmentosa: Findings from 877 Spanish Cases.
Martin-Merida I, Avila-Fernandez A, Del Pozo-Valero M, Blanco-Kelly F, Zurita O, Perez-Carro R, Aguilera-Garcia D, Riveiro-Alvarez R, Arteche A, Trujillo-Tiebas MJ, Tahsin-Swafiri S, Rodriguez-Pinilla E, Lorda-Sanchez I, Garcia-Sandoval B, Corton M, Ayuso C
Ophthalmology 2019 Aug;126(8):1181-1188. Epub 2019 Mar 20 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.03.018. PMID: 30902645

Therapy

AAV-RPGR Gene Therapy Rescues Opsin Mislocalisation in a Human Retinal Organoid Model of RPGR-Associated X-Linked Retinitis Pigmentosa.
Sladen PE, Naeem A, Adefila-Ideozu T, Vermeule T, Busson SL, Michaelides M, Naylor S, Forbes A, Lane A, Georgiadis A
Int J Mol Sci 2024 Feb 2;25(3) doi: 10.3390/ijms25031839. PMID: 38339118Free PMC Article
Can Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) Be a Treatment Option for Pediatric Eye Diseases?
Yavuz Saricay L, Gonzalez Monroy JE, Fulton AB
Semin Ophthalmol 2023 Jul;38(5):427-432. Epub 2023 Jan 22 doi: 10.1080/08820538.2023.2168485. PMID: 36683264
Efficacy and safety of setmelanotide, a melanocortin-4 receptor agonist, in patients with Bardet-Biedl syndrome and Alström syndrome: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial with an open-label period.
Haqq AM, Chung WK, Dollfus H, Haws RM, Martos-Moreno GÁ, Poitou C, Yanovski JA, Mittleman RS, Yuan G, Forsythe E, Clément K, Argente J
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2022 Dec;10(12):859-868. Epub 2022 Nov 7 doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00277-7. PMID: 36356613Free PMC Article
Effects of lutein and zeaxanthin on aspects of eye health.
Ma L, Lin XM
J Sci Food Agric 2010 Jan 15;90(1):2-12. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.3785. PMID: 20355006
Nutrition and retina.
Schmidt-Erfurth U
Dev Ophthalmol 2005;38:120-147. doi: 10.1159/000082772. PMID: 15604621

Prognosis

Genetic Characteristics and Long-Term Follow-Up of Slovenian Patients with RPGR Retinal Dystrophy.
Hadalin V, Buscarino M, Sajovic J, Meglič A, Jarc-Vidmar M, Hawlina M, Volk M, Fakin A
Int J Mol Sci 2023 Feb 14;24(4) doi: 10.3390/ijms24043840. PMID: 36835250Free PMC Article
KCNV2-Associated Retinopathy: Genetics, Electrophysiology, and Clinical Course-KCNV2 Study Group Report 1.
Georgiou M, Robson AG, Fujinami K, Leo SM, Vincent A, Nasser F, Cabral De Guimarães TA, Khateb S, Pontikos N, Fujinami-Yokokawa Y, Liu X, Tsunoda K, Hayashi T, Vargas ME, Thiadens AAHJ, de Carvalho ER, Nguyen XT, Arno G, Mahroo OA, Martin-Merida MI, Jimenez-Rolando B, Gordo G, Carreño E, Ayuso C, Sharon D, Kohl S, Huckfeldt RM, Wissinger B, Boon CJF, Banin E, Pennesi ME, Khan AO, Webster AR, Zrenner E, Héon E, Michaelides M
Am J Ophthalmol 2021 May;225:95-107. Epub 2020 Dec 11 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.11.022. PMID: 33309813Free PMC Article
Sector Retinitis Pigmentosa: Extending the Molecular Genetics Basis and Elucidating the Natural History.
Georgiou M, Grewal PS, Narayan A, Alser M, Ali N, Fujinami K, Webster AR, Michaelides M
Am J Ophthalmol 2021 Jan;221:299-310. Epub 2020 Aug 12 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.08.004. PMID: 32795431Free PMC Article
Mesenchymal stem cell surgery, rescue and regeneration in retinitis pigmentosa: clinical and rehabilitative prognostic aspects.
Limoli PG, Limoli CSS, Morales MU, Vingolo EM
Restor Neurol Neurosci 2020;38(3):223-237. doi: 10.3233/RNN-190970. PMID: 32310198Free PMC Article
Systemic disorders and their influence on the development of dental hard tissues: a literature review.
Atar M, Körperich EJ
J Dent 2010 Apr;38(4):296-306. Epub 2010 Jan 13 doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2009.12.001. PMID: 20004698

Clinical prediction guides

Functional Vision in Patients With Biallelic USH2A Variants.
Heon E, Melia M, Bocchino LE, Samarakoon L, Duncan JL, Ayala AR, Audo I, Bradley C, Cheetham JK, Dagnelie G, Durham TA, Hoyng CB, Jain N, Jayasundera KT, Pennesi ME, Weng CY; Foundation Fighting Blindness Consortium Investigator Group
Am J Ophthalmol 2024 Apr;260:200-211. Epub 2023 Dec 21 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.12.009. PMID: 38135239
Electrolyte Disorders in Mitochondrial Cytopathies: A Systematic Review.
Viering DHHM, Vermeltfoort L, Bindels RJM, Deinum J, de Baaij JHF
J Am Soc Nephrol 2023 Nov 1;34(11):1875-1888. Epub 2023 Sep 6 doi: 10.1681/ASN.0000000000000224. PMID: 37678265Free PMC Article
Clinical Phenotype of PDE6B-Associated Retinitis Pigmentosa.
Kuehlewein L, Zobor D, Stingl K, Kempf M, Nasser F, Bernd A, Biskup S, Cremers FPM, Khan MI, Mazzola P, Schäferhoff K, Heinrich T, Haack TB, Wissinger B, Zrenner E, Weisschuh N, Kohl S
Int J Mol Sci 2021 Feb 27;22(5) doi: 10.3390/ijms22052374. PMID: 33673512Free PMC Article
Sector Retinitis Pigmentosa: Extending the Molecular Genetics Basis and Elucidating the Natural History.
Georgiou M, Grewal PS, Narayan A, Alser M, Ali N, Fujinami K, Webster AR, Michaelides M
Am J Ophthalmol 2021 Jan;221:299-310. Epub 2020 Aug 12 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.08.004. PMID: 32795431Free PMC Article
Stemming retinal regeneration with pluripotent stem cells.
Jin ZB, Gao ML, Deng WL, Wu KC, Sugita S, Mandai M, Takahashi M
Prog Retin Eye Res 2019 Mar;69:38-56. Epub 2018 Nov 9 doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.11.003. PMID: 30419340

Recent systematic reviews

Electrolyte Disorders in Mitochondrial Cytopathies: A Systematic Review.
Viering DHHM, Vermeltfoort L, Bindels RJM, Deinum J, de Baaij JHF
J Am Soc Nephrol 2023 Nov 1;34(11):1875-1888. Epub 2023 Sep 6 doi: 10.1681/ASN.0000000000000224. PMID: 37678265Free PMC Article
Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Sideroblastic Anaemia with B-Cell Immunodeficiency, Periodic Fever and Developmental Delay (SIFD) Syndrome: a Systematic Review.
Maccora I, Ramanan AV, Wiseman D, Marrani E, Mastrolia MV, Simonini G
J Clin Immunol 2023 Jan;43(1):1-30. Epub 2022 Aug 19 doi: 10.1007/s10875-022-01343-0. PMID: 35984545Free PMC Article
Non-invasive current stimulation in vision recovery: a review of the literature.
Perin C, Viganò B, Piscitelli D, Matteo BM, Meroni R, Cerri CG
Restor Neurol Neurosci 2020;38(3):239-250. doi: 10.3233/RNN-190948. PMID: 31884495Free PMC Article

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