Decreased retinal arteriolar diameters, which may decrease blood flow and slow oxygen delivery to regions of the retina.

Inability to see well at night or in poor light.

Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of one or both eyes related to abnormality in fixation, conjugate gaze, or vestibular mechanisms.

Diminished clarity of vision.

An absolute or relative decrease in retinal sensitivity extending from edge (periphery) of the visual field in a concentric pattern. The visual field is the area that is perceived simultaneously by a fixating eye.

A pale yellow discoloration of the optic disk (the area of the optic nerve head in the retina). The optic disc normally has a pinkish hue with a central yellowish depression.

A type of cataract affecting the posterior pole of lens immediately adjacent to ('beneath') the Lens capsule.

Pigment migration into the retina in a bone-spicule configuration (resembling the nucleated cells within the lacuna of bone).

Lack of any response to stimulation upon electroretinography.

An inherited retinal disease subtype in which the rod photoreceptors appear to be more severely affected than the cone photoreceptors. Typical presentation is with nyctalopia (due to rod dysfunction) followed by loss of mid-peripheral field of vision, which gradually extends and leaves many patients with a small central island of vision due to the preservation of macular cones.