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Cardiac Arrest/Arrhythmia Etiology Unknown

MedGen UID:
473910
•Concept ID:
C3272277
•
Finding

Definition

An episode of cardiac arrest or arrhythmia where the etiology was unknown. (ACC) [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVCardiac Arrest/Arrhythmia Etiology Unknown

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Targeted temperature management following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of temperature targets.
Fernando SM, Di Santo P, Sadeghirad B, Lascarrou JB, Rochwerg B, Mathew R, Sekhon MS, Munshi L, Fan E, Brodie D, Rowan KM, Hough CL, McLeod SL, Vaillancourt C, Cheskes S, Ferguson ND, Scales DC, Sandroni C, Nolan JP, Hibbert B
Intensive Care Med 2021 Oct;47(10):1078-1088. Epub 2021 Aug 13 doi: 10.1007/s00134-021-06505-z. PMID: 34389870
Cardiac sarcoidosis: diagnosis and management.
Markatis E, Afthinos A, Antonakis E, Papanikolaou IC
Rev Cardiovasc Med 2020 Sep 30;21(3):321-338. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm.2020.03.102. PMID: 33070538
Evaluation and management of arrhythmia in the athletic patient.
Lampert R
Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2012 Mar-Apr;54(5):423-31. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2012.01.002. PMID: 22386293

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Vigorous Exercise in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.
Lampert R, Ackerman MJ, Marino BS, Burg M, Ainsworth B, Salberg L, Tome Esteban MT, Ho CY, Abraham R, Balaji S, Barth C, Berul CI, Bos M, Cannom D, Choudhury L, Concannon M, Cooper R, Czosek RJ, Dubin AM, Dziura J, Eidem B, Emery MS, Estes NAM, Etheridge SP, Geske JB, Gray B, Hall K, Harmon KG, James CA, Lal AK, Law IH, Li F, Link MS, McKenna WJ, Molossi S, Olshansky B, Ommen SR, Saarel EV, Saberi S, Simone L, Tomaselli G, Ware JS, Zipes DP, Day SM; LIVE Consortium
JAMA Cardiol 2023 Jun 1;8(6):595-605. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2023.1042. PMID: 37195701Free PMC Article
RBM20 Is a Candidate Gene for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.
Dai J, Li Z, Huang W, Chen P, Sun Y, Wang H, Wu D, Chen Y, Li C, Xiao L, Liu H, Wei H, Li R, Duan Q, Peng L, Song X, Yu T, Wang Y, Wang DW
Can J Cardiol 2021 Nov;37(11):1751-1759. Epub 2021 Jul 29 doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.07.014. PMID: 34333030
Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.
Dankiewicz J, Cronberg T, Lilja G, Jakobsen JC, Levin H, Ullén S, Rylander C, Wise MP, Oddo M, Cariou A, Bělohlávek J, Hovdenes J, Saxena M, Kirkegaard H, Young PJ, Pelosi P, Storm C, Taccone FS, Joannidis M, Callaway C, Eastwood GM, Morgan MPG, Nordberg P, Erlinge D, Nichol AD, Chew MS, Hollenberg J, Thomas M, Bewley J, Sweet K, Grejs AM, Christensen S, Haenggi M, Levis A, Lundin A, Düring J, Schmidbauer S, Keeble TR, Karamasis GV, Schrag C, Faessler E, Smid O, Otáhal M, Maggiorini M, Wendel Garcia PD, Jaubert P, Cole JM, Solar M, Borgquist O, Leithner C, Abed-Maillard S, Navarra L, Annborn M, Undén J, Brunetti I, Awad A, McGuigan P, Bjørkholt Olsen R, Cassina T, Vignon P, Langeland H, Lange T, Friberg H, Nielsen N; TTM2 Trial Investigators
N Engl J Med 2021 Jun 17;384(24):2283-2294. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591. PMID: 34133859
Cardiac sarcoidosis: diagnosis and management.
Markatis E, Afthinos A, Antonakis E, Papanikolaou IC
Rev Cardiovasc Med 2020 Sep 30;21(3):321-338. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm.2020.03.102. PMID: 33070538
Optimum Blood Pressure in Patients With Shock After Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiac Arrest.
Ameloot K, Jakkula P, Hästbacka J, Reinikainen M, Pettilä V, Loisa P, Tiainen M, Bendel S, Birkelund T, Belmans A, Palmers PJ, Bogaerts E, Lemmens R, De Deyne C, Ferdinande B, Dupont M, Janssens S, Dens J, Skrifvars MB
J Am Coll Cardiol 2020 Aug 18;76(7):812-824. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.06.043. PMID: 32792079

Diagnosis

Vigorous Exercise in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.
Lampert R, Ackerman MJ, Marino BS, Burg M, Ainsworth B, Salberg L, Tome Esteban MT, Ho CY, Abraham R, Balaji S, Barth C, Berul CI, Bos M, Cannom D, Choudhury L, Concannon M, Cooper R, Czosek RJ, Dubin AM, Dziura J, Eidem B, Emery MS, Estes NAM, Etheridge SP, Geske JB, Gray B, Hall K, Harmon KG, James CA, Lal AK, Law IH, Li F, Link MS, McKenna WJ, Molossi S, Olshansky B, Ommen SR, Saarel EV, Saberi S, Simone L, Tomaselli G, Ware JS, Zipes DP, Day SM; LIVE Consortium
JAMA Cardiol 2023 Jun 1;8(6):595-605. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2023.1042. PMID: 37195701Free PMC Article
RBM20 Is a Candidate Gene for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.
Dai J, Li Z, Huang W, Chen P, Sun Y, Wang H, Wu D, Chen Y, Li C, Xiao L, Liu H, Wei H, Li R, Duan Q, Peng L, Song X, Yu T, Wang Y, Wang DW
Can J Cardiol 2021 Nov;37(11):1751-1759. Epub 2021 Jul 29 doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.07.014. PMID: 34333030
Cardiac sarcoidosis: diagnosis and management.
Markatis E, Afthinos A, Antonakis E, Papanikolaou IC
Rev Cardiovasc Med 2020 Sep 30;21(3):321-338. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm.2020.03.102. PMID: 33070538
Optimum Blood Pressure in Patients With Shock After Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiac Arrest.
Ameloot K, Jakkula P, Hästbacka J, Reinikainen M, Pettilä V, Loisa P, Tiainen M, Bendel S, Birkelund T, Belmans A, Palmers PJ, Bogaerts E, Lemmens R, De Deyne C, Ferdinande B, Dupont M, Janssens S, Dens J, Skrifvars MB
J Am Coll Cardiol 2020 Aug 18;76(7):812-824. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.06.043. PMID: 32792079
Repolarization syndromes.
Bhatia A, Sra J, Akhtar M
Curr Probl Cardiol 2012 Aug;37(8):317-62. doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2012.03.004. PMID: 22749026

Therapy

Targeted temperature management following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of temperature targets.
Fernando SM, Di Santo P, Sadeghirad B, Lascarrou JB, Rochwerg B, Mathew R, Sekhon MS, Munshi L, Fan E, Brodie D, Rowan KM, Hough CL, McLeod SL, Vaillancourt C, Cheskes S, Ferguson ND, Scales DC, Sandroni C, Nolan JP, Hibbert B
Intensive Care Med 2021 Oct;47(10):1078-1088. Epub 2021 Aug 13 doi: 10.1007/s00134-021-06505-z. PMID: 34389870
RBM20 Is a Candidate Gene for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.
Dai J, Li Z, Huang W, Chen P, Sun Y, Wang H, Wu D, Chen Y, Li C, Xiao L, Liu H, Wei H, Li R, Duan Q, Peng L, Song X, Yu T, Wang Y, Wang DW
Can J Cardiol 2021 Nov;37(11):1751-1759. Epub 2021 Jul 29 doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.07.014. PMID: 34333030
Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.
Dankiewicz J, Cronberg T, Lilja G, Jakobsen JC, Levin H, Ullén S, Rylander C, Wise MP, Oddo M, Cariou A, Bělohlávek J, Hovdenes J, Saxena M, Kirkegaard H, Young PJ, Pelosi P, Storm C, Taccone FS, Joannidis M, Callaway C, Eastwood GM, Morgan MPG, Nordberg P, Erlinge D, Nichol AD, Chew MS, Hollenberg J, Thomas M, Bewley J, Sweet K, Grejs AM, Christensen S, Haenggi M, Levis A, Lundin A, Düring J, Schmidbauer S, Keeble TR, Karamasis GV, Schrag C, Faessler E, Smid O, Otáhal M, Maggiorini M, Wendel Garcia PD, Jaubert P, Cole JM, Solar M, Borgquist O, Leithner C, Abed-Maillard S, Navarra L, Annborn M, Undén J, Brunetti I, Awad A, McGuigan P, Bjørkholt Olsen R, Cassina T, Vignon P, Langeland H, Lange T, Friberg H, Nielsen N; TTM2 Trial Investigators
N Engl J Med 2021 Jun 17;384(24):2283-2294. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591. PMID: 34133859
Cardiac sarcoidosis: diagnosis and management.
Markatis E, Afthinos A, Antonakis E, Papanikolaou IC
Rev Cardiovasc Med 2020 Sep 30;21(3):321-338. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm.2020.03.102. PMID: 33070538
Optimum Blood Pressure in Patients With Shock After Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiac Arrest.
Ameloot K, Jakkula P, Hästbacka J, Reinikainen M, Pettilä V, Loisa P, Tiainen M, Bendel S, Birkelund T, Belmans A, Palmers PJ, Bogaerts E, Lemmens R, De Deyne C, Ferdinande B, Dupont M, Janssens S, Dens J, Skrifvars MB
J Am Coll Cardiol 2020 Aug 18;76(7):812-824. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.06.043. PMID: 32792079

Prognosis

Programmed Ventricular Stimulation as an Additional Primary Prevention Risk Stratification Tool in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: A Multinational Study.
Gasperetti A, Carrick RT, Costa S, Compagnucci P, Bosman LP, Chivulescu M, Tichnell C, Murray B, Tandri H, Tadros R, Rivard L, van den Berg MP, Zeppenfeld K, Wilde AAM, Pompilio G, Carbucicchio C, Dello Russo A, Casella M, Svensson A, Brunckhorst CB, van Tintelen JP, Platonov PG, Haugaa KH, Duru F, Te Riele ASJM, Khairy P, Tondo C, Calkins H, James CA, Saguner AM, Cadrin-Tourigny J
Circulation 2022 Nov 8;146(19):1434-1443. Epub 2022 Oct 7 doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.060866. PMID: 36205131Free PMC Article
RBM20 Is a Candidate Gene for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.
Dai J, Li Z, Huang W, Chen P, Sun Y, Wang H, Wu D, Chen Y, Li C, Xiao L, Liu H, Wei H, Li R, Duan Q, Peng L, Song X, Yu T, Wang Y, Wang DW
Can J Cardiol 2021 Nov;37(11):1751-1759. Epub 2021 Jul 29 doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.07.014. PMID: 34333030
Current behavior of sudden cardiac arrest and sudden death.
Rodríguez-Reyes H, Muñoz-Gutiérrez M, Salas-Pacheco JL
Arch Cardiol Mex 2020;90(2):183-189. doi: 10.24875/ACME.M20000114. PMID: 32897250
Current behavior of sudden cardiac arrest and sudden death.
Rodríguez-Reyes H, Muñoz-Gutiérrez M, Salas-Pacheco JL
Arch Cardiol Mex 2020;90(2):200-206. doi: 10.24875/ACM.19000157. PMID: 32459200
Improved Survival With Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Despite Progressive Metabolic Derangement Associated With Prolonged Resuscitation.
Bartos JA, Grunau B, Carlson C, Duval S, Ripeckyj A, Kalra R, Raveendran G, John R, Conterato M, Frascone RJ, Trembley A, Aufderheide TP, Yannopoulos D
Circulation 2020 Mar 17;141(11):877-886. Epub 2020 Jan 3 doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.042173. PMID: 31896278Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Vigorous Exercise in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.
Lampert R, Ackerman MJ, Marino BS, Burg M, Ainsworth B, Salberg L, Tome Esteban MT, Ho CY, Abraham R, Balaji S, Barth C, Berul CI, Bos M, Cannom D, Choudhury L, Concannon M, Cooper R, Czosek RJ, Dubin AM, Dziura J, Eidem B, Emery MS, Estes NAM, Etheridge SP, Geske JB, Gray B, Hall K, Harmon KG, James CA, Lal AK, Law IH, Li F, Link MS, McKenna WJ, Molossi S, Olshansky B, Ommen SR, Saarel EV, Saberi S, Simone L, Tomaselli G, Ware JS, Zipes DP, Day SM; LIVE Consortium
JAMA Cardiol 2023 Jun 1;8(6):595-605. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2023.1042. PMID: 37195701Free PMC Article
Programmed Ventricular Stimulation as an Additional Primary Prevention Risk Stratification Tool in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: A Multinational Study.
Gasperetti A, Carrick RT, Costa S, Compagnucci P, Bosman LP, Chivulescu M, Tichnell C, Murray B, Tandri H, Tadros R, Rivard L, van den Berg MP, Zeppenfeld K, Wilde AAM, Pompilio G, Carbucicchio C, Dello Russo A, Casella M, Svensson A, Brunckhorst CB, van Tintelen JP, Platonov PG, Haugaa KH, Duru F, Te Riele ASJM, Khairy P, Tondo C, Calkins H, James CA, Saguner AM, Cadrin-Tourigny J
Circulation 2022 Nov 8;146(19):1434-1443. Epub 2022 Oct 7 doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.060866. PMID: 36205131Free PMC Article
Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.
Dankiewicz J, Cronberg T, Lilja G, Jakobsen JC, Levin H, Ullén S, Rylander C, Wise MP, Oddo M, Cariou A, Bělohlávek J, Hovdenes J, Saxena M, Kirkegaard H, Young PJ, Pelosi P, Storm C, Taccone FS, Joannidis M, Callaway C, Eastwood GM, Morgan MPG, Nordberg P, Erlinge D, Nichol AD, Chew MS, Hollenberg J, Thomas M, Bewley J, Sweet K, Grejs AM, Christensen S, Haenggi M, Levis A, Lundin A, Düring J, Schmidbauer S, Keeble TR, Karamasis GV, Schrag C, Faessler E, Smid O, Otáhal M, Maggiorini M, Wendel Garcia PD, Jaubert P, Cole JM, Solar M, Borgquist O, Leithner C, Abed-Maillard S, Navarra L, Annborn M, Undén J, Brunetti I, Awad A, McGuigan P, Bjørkholt Olsen R, Cassina T, Vignon P, Langeland H, Lange T, Friberg H, Nielsen N; TTM2 Trial Investigators
N Engl J Med 2021 Jun 17;384(24):2283-2294. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591. PMID: 34133859
Lethal immunoglobulins: Autoantibodies and sudden cardiac death.
Ryabkova VA, Shubik YV, Erman MV, Churilov LP, Kanduc D, Shoenfeld Y
Autoimmun Rev 2019 Apr;18(4):415-425. Epub 2019 Feb 14 doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.12.005. PMID: 30772491
Sudden death and cardiac arrest without phenotype: the utility of genetic testing.
Wijeyeratne YD, Behr ER
Trends Cardiovasc Med 2017 Apr;27(3):207-213. Epub 2016 Aug 31 doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2016.08.010. PMID: 27692676

Recent systematic reviews

Targeted temperature management following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of temperature targets.
Fernando SM, Di Santo P, Sadeghirad B, Lascarrou JB, Rochwerg B, Mathew R, Sekhon MS, Munshi L, Fan E, Brodie D, Rowan KM, Hough CL, McLeod SL, Vaillancourt C, Cheskes S, Ferguson ND, Scales DC, Sandroni C, Nolan JP, Hibbert B
Intensive Care Med 2021 Oct;47(10):1078-1088. Epub 2021 Aug 13 doi: 10.1007/s00134-021-06505-z. PMID: 34389870
Systematic Review of the Genetics of Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy: Potential Overlap With Sudden Cardiac Death and Arrhythmia-Related Genes.
Chahal CAA, Salloum MN, Alahdab F, Gottwald JA, Tester DJ, Anwer LA, So EL, Murad MH, St Louis EK, Ackerman MJ, Somers VK
J Am Heart Assoc 2020 Jan 7;9(1):e012264. Epub 2019 Dec 21 doi: 10.1161/JAHA.119.012264. PMID: 31865891Free PMC Article
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shock prevention does not reduce mortality: a systemic review.
Ha AH, Ham I, Nair GM, Connolly SJ, Dorian P, Morillo CA, Healey JS
Heart Rhythm 2012 Dec;9(12):2068-74. Epub 2012 Sep 1 doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.08.032. PMID: 23108056

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