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Bacterial pneumonia

MedGen UID:
484
•Concept ID:
C0004626
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Bacterial Pneumonia; Bacterial Pneumonias; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Pneumonias, Bacterial
SNOMED CT: Bacterial pneumonia (53084003)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0004652

Definition

Acute infection of the lung parenchyma caused by bacteria (e.g., Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila). Signs and symptoms include productive cough, fever, chills, shortness of breath, and chest pain. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

ARDS clinical practice guideline 2021.
Tasaka S, Ohshimo S, Takeuchi M, Yasuda H, Ichikado K, Tsushima K, Egi M, Hashimoto S, Shime N, Saito O, Matsumoto S, Nango E, Okada Y, Hayashi K, Sakuraya M, Nakajima M, Okamori S, Miura S, Fukuda T, Ishihara T, Kamo T, Yatabe T, Norisue Y, Aoki Y, Iizuka Y, Kondo Y, Narita C, Kawakami D, Okano H, Takeshita J, Anan K, Okazaki SR, Taito S, Hayashi T, Mayumi T, Terayama T, Kubota Y, Abe Y, Iwasaki Y, Kishihara Y, Kataoka J, Nishimura T, Yonekura H, Ando K, Yoshida T, Masuyama T, Sanui M; ARDS Clinical Practice Guideline Committee 2021 from the Japanese Respiratory Society, the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine, and the Japanese Society of Respiratory Care Medicine
Respir Investig 2022 Jul;60(4):446-495. Epub 2022 Jun 24 doi: 10.1016/j.resinv.2022.05.003. PMID: 35753956
Atypical pneumonia: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
Miyashita N
Respir Investig 2022 Jan;60(1):56-67. Epub 2021 Nov 5 doi: 10.1016/j.resinv.2021.09.009. PMID: 34750083
Childhood community-acquired pneumonia: A review of etiology- and antimicrobial treatment studies.
Tramper-Stranders GA
Paediatr Respir Rev 2018 Mar;26:41-48. Epub 2017 Jul 15 doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2017.06.013. PMID: 28844414Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adults: An update.
Eshwara VK, Mukhopadhyay C, Rello J
Indian J Med Res 2020 Apr;151(4):287-302. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1678_19. PMID: 32461392Free PMC Article
Omadacycline for Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia.
Stets R, Popescu M, Gonong JR, Mitha I, Nseir W, Madej A, Kirsch C, Das AF, Garrity-Ryan L, Steenbergen JN, Manley A, Eckburg PB, Tzanis E, McGovern PC, Loh E
N Engl J Med 2019 Feb 7;380(6):517-527. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1800201. PMID: 30726692
Bacterial Pneumonia in Older Adults.
Henig O, Kaye KS
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2017 Dec;31(4):689-713. Epub 2017 Sep 13 doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2017.07.015. PMID: 28916385Free PMC Article
Pathophysiology of pneumonia.
Alcón A, Fàbregas N, Torres A
Clin Chest Med 2005 Mar;26(1):39-46. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2004.10.013. PMID: 15802164
Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia.
American Thoracic Society; Infectious Diseases Society of America
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005 Feb 15;171(4):388-416. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200405-644ST. PMID: 15699079

Diagnosis

Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adults: An update.
Eshwara VK, Mukhopadhyay C, Rello J
Indian J Med Res 2020 Apr;151(4):287-302. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1678_19. PMID: 32461392Free PMC Article
Procalcitonin to Distinguish Viral From Bacterial Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Kamat IS, Ramachandran V, Eswaran H, Guffey D, Musher DM
Clin Infect Dis 2020 Jan 16;70(3):538-542. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz545. PMID: 31241140
Bacterial Pneumonia in Older Adults.
Henig O, Kaye KS
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2017 Dec;31(4):689-713. Epub 2017 Sep 13 doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2017.07.015. PMID: 28916385Free PMC Article
Management of Pediatric Community-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia.
Messinger AI, Kupfer O, Hurst A, Parker S
Pediatr Rev 2017 Sep;38(9):394-409. doi: 10.1542/pir.2016-0183. PMID: 28864731
Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia.
American Thoracic Society; Infectious Diseases Society of America
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005 Feb 15;171(4):388-416. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200405-644ST. PMID: 15699079

Therapy

Efficacy and safety of sulbactam-durlobactam versus colistin for the treatment of patients with serious infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex: a multicentre, randomised, active-controlled, phase 3, non-inferiority clinical trial (ATTACK).
Kaye KS, Shorr AF, Wunderink RG, Du B, Poirier GE, Rana K, Miller A, Lewis D, O'Donnell J, Chen L, Reinhart H, Srinivasan S, Isaacs R, Altarac D
Lancet Infect Dis 2023 Sep;23(9):1072-1084. Epub 2023 May 11 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00184-6. PMID: 37182534
Effect of Corticosteroids on Mortality and Clinical Cure in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression of Randomized Control Trials.
Saleem N, Kulkarni A, Snow TAC, Ambler G, Singer M, Arulkumaran N
Chest 2023 Mar;163(3):484-497. Epub 2022 Sep 7 doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.08.2229. PMID: 36087797Free PMC Article
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: in pursuit of an effective treatment.
Piperaki ET, Tzouvelekis LS, Miriagou V, Daikos GL
Clin Microbiol Infect 2019 Aug;25(8):951-957. Epub 2019 Mar 23 doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.03.014. PMID: 30914347
Omadacycline for Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia.
Stets R, Popescu M, Gonong JR, Mitha I, Nseir W, Madej A, Kirsch C, Das AF, Garrity-Ryan L, Steenbergen JN, Manley A, Eckburg PB, Tzanis E, McGovern PC, Loh E
N Engl J Med 2019 Feb 7;380(6):517-527. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1800201. PMID: 30726692
Corticosteroids for pneumonia.
Stern A, Skalsky K, Avni T, Carrara E, Leibovici L, Paul M
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017 Dec 13;12(12):CD007720. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007720.pub3. PMID: 29236286Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adult HIV-infected patients.
Cillóniz C, García-Vidal C, Moreno A, Miro JM, Torres A
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2018 Jul;16(7):579-588. Epub 2018 Jul 12 doi: 10.1080/14787210.2018.1495560. PMID: 29976111
Meningococcal pneumonia.
Vossen M, Mitteregger D, Steininger C
Vaccine 2016 Aug 17;34(37):4364-70. Epub 2016 Jul 18 doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.07.013. PMID: 27443594
Other HIV-associated pneumonias.
Pupaibool J, Limper AH
Clin Chest Med 2013 Jun;34(2):243-54. Epub 2013 Apr 8 doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2013.01.007. PMID: 23702174Free PMC Article
Bacterial pneumonia.
Schneider RF
Semin Respir Infect 1999 Dec;14(4):327-32. PMID: 10638512
Community-acquired pneumonia.
Cassiere HA, Niederman MS
Dis Mon 1998 Nov;44(11):613-75. doi: 10.1016/s0011-5029(98)90012-8. PMID: 9858958

Clinical prediction guides

The causal relationship between bacterial pneumonia and diabetes: a two-sample mendelian randomization study.
Pan S, Zhang Z, Pang W
Islets 2024 Dec 31;16(1):2291885. Epub 2023 Dec 14 doi: 10.1080/19382014.2023.2291885. PMID: 38095344Free PMC Article
Bacterial pneumonia and subsequent dementia risk: A nationwide cohort study.
Chu CS, Liang CS, Tsai SJ, Bai YM, Su TP, Chen TJ, Chen MH
Brain Behav Immun 2022 Jul;103:12-18. Epub 2022 Apr 4 doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.04.002. PMID: 35390468
The Association of Antibiotic Duration With Successful Treatment of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children.
Same RG, Amoah J, Hsu AJ, Hersh AL, Sklansky DJ, Cosgrove SE, Tamma PD
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2021 Apr 3;10(3):267-273. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piaa055. PMID: 32525203Free PMC Article
Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adults: An update.
Eshwara VK, Mukhopadhyay C, Rello J
Indian J Med Res 2020 Apr;151(4):287-302. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1678_19. PMID: 32461392Free PMC Article
Community-acquired pneumonia.
Remington LT, Sligl WI
Curr Opin Pulm Med 2014 May;20(3):215-24. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000052. PMID: 24614242

Recent systematic reviews

Corticosteroids in Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia: a Systematic Review, Pairwise and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.
Pitre T, Abdali D, Chaudhuri D, Pastores SM, Nei AM, Annane D, Rochwerg B, Zeraatkar D
J Gen Intern Med 2023 Aug;38(11):2593-2606. Epub 2023 Apr 19 doi: 10.1007/s11606-023-08203-6. PMID: 37076606Free PMC Article
Effect of Corticosteroids on Mortality and Clinical Cure in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression of Randomized Control Trials.
Saleem N, Kulkarni A, Snow TAC, Ambler G, Singer M, Arulkumaran N
Chest 2023 Mar;163(3):484-497. Epub 2022 Sep 7 doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.08.2229. PMID: 36087797Free PMC Article
ARDS clinical practice guideline 2021.
Tasaka S, Ohshimo S, Takeuchi M, Yasuda H, Ichikado K, Tsushima K, Egi M, Hashimoto S, Shime N, Saito O, Matsumoto S, Nango E, Okada Y, Hayashi K, Sakuraya M, Nakajima M, Okamori S, Miura S, Fukuda T, Ishihara T, Kamo T, Yatabe T, Norisue Y, Aoki Y, Iizuka Y, Kondo Y, Narita C, Kawakami D, Okano H, Takeshita J, Anan K, Okazaki SR, Taito S, Hayashi T, Mayumi T, Terayama T, Kubota Y, Abe Y, Iwasaki Y, Kishihara Y, Kataoka J, Nishimura T, Yonekura H, Ando K, Yoshida T, Masuyama T, Sanui M; ARDS Clinical Practice Guideline Committee 2021 from the Japanese Respiratory Society, the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine, and the Japanese Society of Respiratory Care Medicine
Respir Investig 2022 Jul;60(4):446-495. Epub 2022 Jun 24 doi: 10.1016/j.resinv.2022.05.003. PMID: 35753956
Procalcitonin to Distinguish Viral From Bacterial Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Kamat IS, Ramachandran V, Eswaran H, Guffey D, Musher DM
Clin Infect Dis 2020 Jan 16;70(3):538-542. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz545. PMID: 31241140
Corticosteroids for pneumonia.
Stern A, Skalsky K, Avni T, Carrara E, Leibovici L, Paul M
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017 Dec 13;12(12):CD007720. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007720.pub3. PMID: 29236286Free PMC Article

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