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Hemorrhoid

MedGen UID:
5507
•Concept ID:
C0019112
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Hemorrhoids
SNOMED CT: Hemorrhoids (70153002); Piles (70153002); Hemorrhoid (70153002); Piles - hemorrhoids (70153002)
 
HPO: HP:0032551
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0004872

Definition

Enlarged, bulging blood vessels in and around the anus often associated with rectal bleeding, itching, and pain. [from HPO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Hemorrhoid Disease: A Review on Treatment, Clinical Research and Patent Data.
Devi V, Deswal G, Dass R, Chopra B, Kriplani P, Grewal AS, Dhingra AK
Infect Disord Drug Targets 2023;23(6):e270423216271. doi: 10.2174/1871526523666230427115436. PMID: 37106517
Traditional and modern aspects of hemorrhoid treatment in Iran: a review.
Dehdari S, Hajimehdipoor H, Esmaeili S, Choopani R, Mortazavi SA
J Integr Med 2018 Mar;16(2):90-98. Epub 2018 Jan 31 doi: 10.1016/j.joim.2018.01.002. PMID: 29526242
The Evaluation and Office Management of Hemorrhoids for the Gastroenterologist.
Guttenplan M
Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2017 Jul;19(7):30. doi: 10.1007/s11894-017-0574-9. PMID: 28567655

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Transanal Suture Mucopexy for Hemorrhoids.
Chivate SD, Killedar MM, Ladukar LD, Vardhani GS, Kavathe SK, Kanekar SR
Dis Colon Rectum 2022 May 1;65(5):742-749. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002191. PMID: 34958048Free PMC Article
Laser utility in the treatment of hemorrhoidal pathology: a review of literature.
Trigui A, Rejab H, Akrout A, Trabelsi J, Zouari A, Majdoub Y, Amar MB, Mzali R
Lasers Med Sci 2022 Mar;37(2):693-699. Epub 2021 Jul 31 doi: 10.1007/s10103-021-03333-x. PMID: 34331606
Colorectal Cancer Risk in Patients with Hemorrhoids: A 10-Year Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.
Wu EB, Sung FC, Lin CL, Wu KL, Chen KB
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Aug 16;18(16) doi: 10.3390/ijerph18168655. PMID: 34444406Free PMC Article
Micronized Purified Flavonoid Fraction in Hemorrhoid Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Sheikh P, Lohsiriwat V, Shelygin Y
Adv Ther 2020 Jun;37(6):2792-2812. Epub 2020 May 12 doi: 10.1007/s12325-020-01353-7. PMID: 32399811Free PMC Article
Treatment of hemorrhoids: A coloproctologist's view.
Lohsiriwat V
World J Gastroenterol 2015 Aug 21;21(31):9245-52. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i31.9245. PMID: 26309351Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Anorectal Emergencies.
Drezdzon MK, Peterson CY
Surg Clin North Am 2023 Dec;103(6):1153-1170. Epub 2023 Jul 21 doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2023.05.014. PMID: 37838461
Colorectal Cancer Risk in Patients with Hemorrhoids: A 10-Year Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.
Wu EB, Sung FC, Lin CL, Wu KL, Chen KB
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Aug 16;18(16) doi: 10.3390/ijerph18168655. PMID: 34444406Free PMC Article
Anorectal emergencies.
Lohsiriwat V
World J Gastroenterol 2016 Jul 14;22(26):5867-78. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i26.5867. PMID: 27468181Free PMC Article
Treatment of hemorrhoids: A coloproctologist's view.
Lohsiriwat V
World J Gastroenterol 2015 Aug 21;21(31):9245-52. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i31.9245. PMID: 26309351Free PMC Article
Anorectal disorders.
Janicke DM, Pundt MR
Emerg Med Clin North Am 1996 Nov;14(4):757-88. doi: 10.1016/s0733-8627(05)70278-9. PMID: 8921768

Therapy

Treatment of haemorrhoids in pregnancy: A retrospective review.
Fiordaliso M, De Marco FA, D'Alessandro V, Risio D, Panaccio P, Liberatore E
Ann Ital Chir 2023;94:274-280. PMID: 37530049
Laser utility in the treatment of hemorrhoidal pathology: a review of literature.
Trigui A, Rejab H, Akrout A, Trabelsi J, Zouari A, Majdoub Y, Amar MB, Mzali R
Lasers Med Sci 2022 Mar;37(2):693-699. Epub 2021 Jul 31 doi: 10.1007/s10103-021-03333-x. PMID: 34331606
Achievements in Thermosensitive Gelling Systems for Rectal Administration.
Bialik M, Kuras M, Sobczak M, Oledzka E
Int J Mol Sci 2021 May 23;22(11) doi: 10.3390/ijms22115500. PMID: 34071110Free PMC Article
Micronized Purified Flavonoid Fraction in Hemorrhoid Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Sheikh P, Lohsiriwat V, Shelygin Y
Adv Ther 2020 Jun;37(6):2792-2812. Epub 2020 May 12 doi: 10.1007/s12325-020-01353-7. PMID: 32399811Free PMC Article
Treatment of hemorrhoids: A coloproctologist's view.
Lohsiriwat V
World J Gastroenterol 2015 Aug 21;21(31):9245-52. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i31.9245. PMID: 26309351Free PMC Article

Prognosis

CALM3 affects the prognosis of leukemia and hemorrhoids.
He J, Ni Z, Li Z
Medicine (Baltimore) 2023 Nov 3;102(44):e36027. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036027. PMID: 37932969Free PMC Article
Establishment and validation of clinical prediction model for hemorrhoid recurrence after procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids.
Zhang Y, Sun S, Han Z
Medicine (Baltimore) 2023 Jun 30;102(26):e34062. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034062. PMID: 37390253Free PMC Article
Anorectal Melanoma-Brownish Black Mass Not Always a Hemorrhoid.
Nigam JS, Nishit, Kumar T, Singh A, Tewari P, Pandey JK
J Gastrointest Cancer 2022 Sep;53(3):825-829. Epub 2021 Aug 4 doi: 10.1007/s12029-021-00678-y. PMID: 34347246
Colorectal Cancer Risk in Patients with Hemorrhoids: A 10-Year Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.
Wu EB, Sung FC, Lin CL, Wu KL, Chen KB
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Aug 16;18(16) doi: 10.3390/ijerph18168655. PMID: 34444406Free PMC Article
Hemorrhoids.
Gricar JA, Goodwin SA, Cave DG
Manag Care Interface 1998 Jun;11(6):50-2. PMID: 10181558

Clinical prediction guides

Establishment and validation of clinical prediction model for hemorrhoid recurrence after procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids.
Zhang Y, Sun S, Han Z
Medicine (Baltimore) 2023 Jun 30;102(26):e34062. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034062. PMID: 37390253Free PMC Article
Efficacy and safety of micronized purified flavonoid fractions for the treatment of postoperative hemorrhoid complications: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Fu H, Guo W, Zhou B, Liu Y, Gao Y, Li M
Phytomedicine 2022 Sep;104:154244. Epub 2022 Jun 17 doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154244. PMID: 35752073
Transanal Suture Mucopexy for Hemorrhoids.
Chivate SD, Killedar MM, Ladukar LD, Vardhani GS, Kavathe SK, Kanekar SR
Dis Colon Rectum 2022 May 1;65(5):742-749. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002191. PMID: 34958048Free PMC Article
Colorectal Cancer Risk in Patients with Hemorrhoids: A 10-Year Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.
Wu EB, Sung FC, Lin CL, Wu KL, Chen KB
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Aug 16;18(16) doi: 10.3390/ijerph18168655. PMID: 34444406Free PMC Article
A systematic review of stapled hemorrhoidectomy.
Sutherland LM, Burchard AK, Matsuda K, Sweeney JL, Bokey EL, Childs PA, Roberts AK, Waxman BP, Maddern GJ
Arch Surg 2002 Dec;137(12):1395-406; discussion 1407. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.137.12.1395. PMID: 12470107

Recent systematic reviews

Hemorrhoid laser dearterialization: systematic review and meta-analysis.
De Nardi P, Maggi G, Pagnanelli M, Vlasakov I, Corbetta D
Lasers Med Sci 2023 Jan 25;38(1):54. doi: 10.1007/s10103-022-03703-z. PMID: 36695928
Efficacy and safety of micronized purified flavonoid fractions for the treatment of postoperative hemorrhoid complications: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Fu H, Guo W, Zhou B, Liu Y, Gao Y, Li M
Phytomedicine 2022 Sep;104:154244. Epub 2022 Jun 17 doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154244. PMID: 35752073
The association between varicocele and other vascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chen D, Luo Q, Fan W, Chen C, Liu G
Phlebology 2022 May;37(4):233-240. Epub 2022 Feb 24 doi: 10.1177/02683555211069247. PMID: 35199618
Pudendal Nerve Block in Hemorrhoid Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Mongelli F, Treglia G, La Regina D, Di Giuseppe M, Galafassi J, Majno-Hurst PE, Christoforidis D
Dis Colon Rectum 2021 May;64(5):617-631. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000001985. PMID: 33591044
Micronized Purified Flavonoid Fraction in Hemorrhoid Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Sheikh P, Lohsiriwat V, Shelygin Y
Adv Ther 2020 Jun;37(6):2792-2812. Epub 2020 May 12 doi: 10.1007/s12325-020-01353-7. PMID: 32399811Free PMC Article

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