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Hemorrhoid

MedGen UID:
5507
•Concept ID:
C0019112
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Hemorrhoids
SNOMED CT: Hemorrhoids (70153002); Piles (70153002); Hemorrhoid (70153002); Piles - hemorrhoids (70153002)
 
HPO: HP:0032551
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0004872

Definition

Enlarged, bulging blood vessels in and around the anus often associated with rectal bleeding, itching, and pain. [from HPO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Hemorrhoid Disease: A Review on Treatment, Clinical Research and Patent Data.
Devi V, Deswal G, Dass R, Chopra B, Kriplani P, Grewal AS, Dhingra AK
Infect Disord Drug Targets 2023;23(6):e270423216271. doi: 10.2174/1871526523666230427115436. PMID: 37106517
Traditional and modern aspects of hemorrhoid treatment in Iran: a review.
Dehdari S, Hajimehdipoor H, Esmaeili S, Choopani R, Mortazavi SA
J Integr Med 2018 Mar;16(2):90-98. Epub 2018 Jan 31 doi: 10.1016/j.joim.2018.01.002. PMID: 29526242
The Evaluation and Office Management of Hemorrhoids for the Gastroenterologist.
Guttenplan M
Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2017 Jul;19(7):30. doi: 10.1007/s11894-017-0574-9. PMID: 28567655

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Treatment of haemorrhoids in pregnancy: A retrospective review.
Fiordaliso M, De Marco FA, D'Alessandro V, Risio D, Panaccio P, Liberatore E
Ann Ital Chir 2023;94:274-280. PMID: 37530049
Hemorrhoid laser dearterialization: systematic review and meta-analysis.
De Nardi P, Maggi G, Pagnanelli M, Vlasakov I, Corbetta D
Lasers Med Sci 2023 Jan 25;38(1):54. doi: 10.1007/s10103-022-03703-z. PMID: 36695928
Colorectal Cancer Risk in Patients with Hemorrhoids: A 10-Year Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.
Wu EB, Sung FC, Lin CL, Wu KL, Chen KB
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Aug 16;18(16) doi: 10.3390/ijerph18168655. PMID: 34444406Free PMC Article
Micronized Purified Flavonoid Fraction in Hemorrhoid Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Sheikh P, Lohsiriwat V, Shelygin Y
Adv Ther 2020 Jun;37(6):2792-2812. Epub 2020 May 12 doi: 10.1007/s12325-020-01353-7. PMID: 32399811Free PMC Article
Treatment of hemorrhoids: A coloproctologist's view.
Lohsiriwat V
World J Gastroenterol 2015 Aug 21;21(31):9245-52. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i31.9245. PMID: 26309351Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Anorectal Emergencies.
Drezdzon MK, Peterson CY
Surg Clin North Am 2023 Dec;103(6):1153-1170. Epub 2023 Jul 21 doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2023.05.014. PMID: 37838461
Colorectal Cancer Risk in Patients with Hemorrhoids: A 10-Year Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.
Wu EB, Sung FC, Lin CL, Wu KL, Chen KB
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Aug 16;18(16) doi: 10.3390/ijerph18168655. PMID: 34444406Free PMC Article
Anorectal emergencies.
Lohsiriwat V
World J Gastroenterol 2016 Jul 14;22(26):5867-78. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i26.5867. PMID: 27468181Free PMC Article
Treatment of hemorrhoids: A coloproctologist's view.
Lohsiriwat V
World J Gastroenterol 2015 Aug 21;21(31):9245-52. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i31.9245. PMID: 26309351Free PMC Article
Hemorrhoids.
Sardinha TC, Corman ML
Surg Clin North Am 2002 Dec;82(6):1153-67, vi. doi: 10.1016/s0039-6109(02)00082-8. PMID: 12516845

Therapy

Redefining hemorrhoid therapy with endoscopic polidocanol foam sclerobanding.
Rao AG, Nashwan AJ
World J Gastroenterol 2024 Sep 28;30(36):4021-4024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4021. PMID: 39351248Free PMC Article
Treatment of haemorrhoids in pregnancy: A retrospective review.
Fiordaliso M, De Marco FA, D'Alessandro V, Risio D, Panaccio P, Liberatore E
Ann Ital Chir 2023;94:274-280. PMID: 37530049
Hemorrhoid laser dearterialization: systematic review and meta-analysis.
De Nardi P, Maggi G, Pagnanelli M, Vlasakov I, Corbetta D
Lasers Med Sci 2023 Jan 25;38(1):54. doi: 10.1007/s10103-022-03703-z. PMID: 36695928
Micronized Purified Flavonoid Fraction in Hemorrhoid Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Sheikh P, Lohsiriwat V, Shelygin Y
Adv Ther 2020 Jun;37(6):2792-2812. Epub 2020 May 12 doi: 10.1007/s12325-020-01353-7. PMID: 32399811Free PMC Article
Treatment of hemorrhoids: A coloproctologist's view.
Lohsiriwat V
World J Gastroenterol 2015 Aug 21;21(31):9245-52. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i31.9245. PMID: 26309351Free PMC Article

Prognosis

CALM3 affects the prognosis of leukemia and hemorrhoids.
He J, Ni Z, Li Z
Medicine (Baltimore) 2023 Nov 3;102(44):e36027. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036027. PMID: 37932969Free PMC Article
Colorectal Cancer Risk in Patients with Hemorrhoids: A 10-Year Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.
Wu EB, Sung FC, Lin CL, Wu KL, Chen KB
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Aug 16;18(16) doi: 10.3390/ijerph18168655. PMID: 34444406Free PMC Article
Anal squamous cell carcinoma incidentally found at hemorrhoidectomy.
O'Brien SJ, Ellis CT, McDowell J, Galandiuk S, Polk HC Jr
Surgery 2021 Mar;169(3):610-616. Epub 2020 Sep 29 doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2020.08.026. PMID: 33004218
Pycnogenol® in postpartum symptomatic hemorrhoids.
Belcaro G, Gizzi G, Pellegrini L, Dugall M, Luzzi R, Corsi M, Ippolito E, Ricci A, Cesarone MR, Ledda A, Bottari A, Errichi BM
Minerva Ginecol 2014 Feb;66(1):77-84. PMID: 24569406
Hemorrhoids.
Gricar JA, Goodwin SA, Cave DG
Manag Care Interface 1998 Jun;11(6):50-2. PMID: 10181558

Clinical prediction guides

Effects of early warm water sitz bath on urinary retention and pain after haemorrhoidectomy: A randomized controlled trial.
Liao WC, Cheng YY, Hsu CK, Chiu YC, Chiu HY, Chang SC, Hu SH
Int J Nurs Stud 2024 Jun;154:104765. Epub 2024 Mar 31 doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104765. PMID: 38642473
Hemorrhoidectomy: Does Age Make a Difference?
Capece SJ, Browning CJ, Barros de Sousa CA, Shaak K, Yoon JY, Sangster W
Dis Colon Rectum 2024 Jun 1;67(6):820-825. Epub 2024 Feb 23 doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000003085. PMID: 38408874
Establishment and validation of clinical prediction model for hemorrhoid recurrence after procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids.
Zhang Y, Sun S, Han Z
Medicine (Baltimore) 2023 Jun 30;102(26):e34062. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034062. PMID: 37390253Free PMC Article
Transanal Suture Mucopexy for Hemorrhoids.
Chivate SD, Killedar MM, Ladukar LD, Vardhani GS, Kavathe SK, Kanekar SR
Dis Colon Rectum 2022 May 1;65(5):742-749. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002191. PMID: 34958048Free PMC Article
Colorectal Cancer Risk in Patients with Hemorrhoids: A 10-Year Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.
Wu EB, Sung FC, Lin CL, Wu KL, Chen KB
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Aug 16;18(16) doi: 10.3390/ijerph18168655. PMID: 34444406Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid (ALTA) sclerotherapy for hemorrhoidal disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Manaki V, Bontinis V, Bontinis A, Giannopoulos A, Kontes I, Chorti A, Ktenidis K
Acta Chir Belg 2024 Aug;124(4):253-260. Epub 2024 Mar 8 doi: 10.1080/00015458.2024.2326273. PMID: 38428446
Hemorrhoid laser dearterialization: systematic review and meta-analysis.
De Nardi P, Maggi G, Pagnanelli M, Vlasakov I, Corbetta D
Lasers Med Sci 2023 Jan 25;38(1):54. doi: 10.1007/s10103-022-03703-z. PMID: 36695928
The association between varicocele and other vascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chen D, Luo Q, Fan W, Chen C, Liu G
Phlebology 2022 May;37(4):233-240. Epub 2022 Feb 24 doi: 10.1177/02683555211069247. PMID: 35199618
Micronized Purified Flavonoid Fraction in Hemorrhoid Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Sheikh P, Lohsiriwat V, Shelygin Y
Adv Ther 2020 Jun;37(6):2792-2812. Epub 2020 May 12 doi: 10.1007/s12325-020-01353-7. PMID: 32399811Free PMC Article
A systematic review of stapled hemorrhoidectomy.
Sutherland LM, Burchard AK, Matsuda K, Sweeney JL, Bokey EL, Childs PA, Roberts AK, Waxman BP, Maddern GJ
Arch Surg 2002 Dec;137(12):1395-406; discussion 1407. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.137.12.1395. PMID: 12470107

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