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Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, spondylodysplastic type, 2(EDSSPD2)

MedGen UID:
815540
Concept ID:
C3809210
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: EDSSPD2; Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, progeroid type, 2
SNOMED CT: Beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase 6-related spondylodysplastic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (1251499005); B3GALT6-related spondylodysplastic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (1251499005); Ehlers-Danlos syndrome progeroid type 2 (1251499005)
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
MedGen UID:
141025
Concept ID:
C0441748
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).
 
Gene (location): B3GALT6 (1p36.33)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0014139
OMIM®: 615349
Orphanet: ORPHA536467

Definition

The features of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome spondylodysplastic type 2 (EDSSPD2) include an aged appearance, developmental delay, short stature, craniofacial disproportion, generalized osteopenia, defective wound healing, hypermobile joints, hypotonic muscles, and loose but elastic skin (Okajima et al., 1999). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of the spondylodysplastic type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, see 130070. [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Talipes equinovarus
MedGen UID:
3130
Concept ID:
C0009081
Congenital Abnormality
Clubfoot is a congenital limb deformity defined as fixation of the foot in cavus, adductus, varus, and equinus (i.e., inclined inwards, axially rotated outwards, and pointing downwards) with concomitant soft tissue abnormalities (Cardy et al., 2007). Clubfoot may occur in isolation or as part of a syndrome (e.g., diastrophic dysplasia, 222600). Clubfoot has been reported with deficiency of long bones and mirror-image polydactyly (Gurnett et al., 2008; Klopocki et al., 2012).
Advanced ossification of carpal bones
MedGen UID:
341422
Concept ID:
C1849292
Finding
Ossification of carpal bones at an abnormally early age.
Decreased body weight
MedGen UID:
375512
Concept ID:
C1844806
Finding
Abnormally low body weight.
Global developmental delay
MedGen UID:
107838
Concept ID:
C0557874
Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Hip dislocation
MedGen UID:
42455
Concept ID:
C0019554
Injury or Poisoning
Displacement of the femur from its normal location in the hip joint.
Hypotonia
MedGen UID:
10133
Concept ID:
C0026827
Finding
Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.
Joint laxity
MedGen UID:
39439
Concept ID:
C0086437
Finding
Lack of stability of a joint.
Epiphyseal dysplasia
MedGen UID:
95932
Concept ID:
C0392476
Congenital Abnormality
Carpal synostosis
MedGen UID:
98468
Concept ID:
C0431863
Congenital Abnormality
Synostosis (bony fusion) involving one or more bones of the carpus (scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate, pisiform).
Kyphoscoliosis
MedGen UID:
154361
Concept ID:
C0575158
Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormal curvature of the spine in both a coronal (lateral) and sagittal (back-to-front) plane.
Platyspondyly
MedGen UID:
335010
Concept ID:
C1844704
Finding
A flattened vertebral body shape with reduced distance between the vertebral endplates.
Flared metaphysis
MedGen UID:
337976
Concept ID:
C1850135
Finding
The presence of a splayed (i.e.,flared) metaphyseal segment of one or more long bones.
Generalized hypotonia
MedGen UID:
346841
Concept ID:
C1858120
Finding
Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone).
Pectus excavatum
MedGen UID:
781174
Concept ID:
C2051831
Finding
A defect of the chest wall characterized by a depression of the sternum, giving the chest ("pectus") a caved-in ("excavatum") appearance.
Prominent forehead
MedGen UID:
373291
Concept ID:
C1837260
Finding
Forward prominence of the entire forehead, due to protrusion of the frontal bone.
Flat face
MedGen UID:
342829
Concept ID:
C1853241
Finding
Absence of concavity or convexity of the face when viewed in profile.
Cleft palate
MedGen UID:
756015
Concept ID:
C2981150
Congenital Abnormality
Cleft palate is a developmental defect of the palate resulting from a failure of fusion of the palatine processes and manifesting as a separation of the roof of the mouth (soft and hard palate).
Long upper lip
MedGen UID:
462845
Concept ID:
C3151495
Finding
Increased width of the upper lip.
Cutis laxa
MedGen UID:
8206
Concept ID:
C0010495
Disease or Syndrome
Wrinkled, redundant, inelastic and sagging skin.
Hyperextensible skin
MedGen UID:
66023
Concept ID:
C0241074
Finding
A condition in which the skin can be stretched beyond normal, and then returns to its initial position.
Sparse hair
MedGen UID:
1790211
Concept ID:
C5551005
Finding
Reduced density of hairs.
Proptosis
MedGen UID:
41917
Concept ID:
C0015300
Disease or Syndrome
An eye that is protruding anterior to the plane of the face to a greater extent than is typical.
Blue sclerae
MedGen UID:
154236
Concept ID:
C0542514
Finding
An abnormal bluish coloration of the sclera.

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Basalom S, Rauch F
Curr Osteoporos Rep 2020 Apr;18(2):95-102. doi: 10.1007/s11914-020-00568-5. PMID: 32162201
Ritelli M, Cinquina V, Giacopuzzi E, Venturini M, Chiarelli N, Colombi M
Genes (Basel) 2019 Aug 21;10(9) doi: 10.3390/genes10090631. PMID: 31438591Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Basalom S, Rauch F
Curr Osteoporos Rep 2020 Apr;18(2):95-102. doi: 10.1007/s11914-020-00568-5. PMID: 32162201

Clinical prediction guides

Basalom S, Rauch F
Curr Osteoporos Rep 2020 Apr;18(2):95-102. doi: 10.1007/s11914-020-00568-5. PMID: 32162201

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