From HPO
Coxa valga- MedGen UID:
- 116080
- •Concept ID:
- C0239137
- •
- Finding
Coxa valga is a deformity of the hip in which the angle between the femoral shaft and the femoral neck is increased compared to age-adjusted values (about 150 degrees in newborns gradually reducing to 120-130 degrees in adults).
Osteoarthritis, knee- MedGen UID:
- 98371
- •Concept ID:
- C0409959
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019)
Wide tufts of distal phalanges- MedGen UID:
- 322575
- •Concept ID:
- C1835101
- •
- Finding
Clinodactyly of the 5th finger- MedGen UID:
- 340456
- •Concept ID:
- C1850049
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Clinodactyly refers to a bending or curvature of the fifth finger in the radial direction (i.e., towards the 4th finger).
Radial bowing- MedGen UID:
- 347136
- •Concept ID:
- C1859399
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
A bending or abnormal curvature of the radius.
Ulnar bowing- MedGen UID:
- 356099
- •Concept ID:
- C1865847
- •
- Finding
Bending of the diaphysis (shaft) of the ulna.
Clinodactyly of the 4th finger- MedGen UID:
- 868093
- •Concept ID:
- C4022484
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Short stature- MedGen UID:
- 87607
- •Concept ID:
- C0349588
- •
- Finding
A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).
Sensorineural hearing loss disorder- MedGen UID:
- 9164
- •Concept ID:
- C0018784
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A type of hearing impairment in one or both ears related to an abnormal functionality of the cochlear nerve.
Low-set ears- MedGen UID:
- 65980
- •Concept ID:
- C0239234
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear.
Calcification of falx cerebri- MedGen UID:
- 237237
- •Concept ID:
- C1397139
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
The presence of calcium deposition in the falx cerebri.
Micrognathia- MedGen UID:
- 44428
- •Concept ID:
- C0025990
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible.
Platyspondyly- MedGen UID:
- 335010
- •Concept ID:
- C1844704
- •
- Finding
A flattened vertebral body shape with reduced distance between the vertebral endplates.
Irregular femoral epiphysis- MedGen UID:
- 340592
- •Concept ID:
- C1850658
- •
- Finding
Absent frontal sinuses- MedGen UID:
- 343405
- •Concept ID:
- C1855669
- •
- Finding
Aplasia of frontal sinus.
Malar flattening- MedGen UID:
- 347616
- •Concept ID:
- C1858085
- •
- Finding
Underdevelopment of the malar prominence of the jugal bone (zygomatic bone in mammals), appreciated in profile, frontal view, and/or by palpation.
Thickened calvaria- MedGen UID:
- 346823
- •Concept ID:
- C1858452
- •
- Finding
The presence of an abnormally thick calvaria.
Hypoplastic ilia- MedGen UID:
- 348814
- •Concept ID:
- C1861218
- •
- Finding
Underdevelopment of the ilium.
Meningeal calcification- MedGen UID:
- 867790
- •Concept ID:
- C4022181
- •
- Finding
Calcium deposition affecting the Meninges.
Small proximal tibial epiphyses- MedGen UID:
- 868570
- •Concept ID:
- C4022969
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Reduced size of the proximal epiphysis of the tibia.
Small distal femoral epiphysis- MedGen UID:
- 868571
- •Concept ID:
- C4022970
- •
- Finding
Reduced size of the Distal epiphysis of femur.
Irregular proximal tibial epiphyses- MedGen UID:
- 870596
- •Concept ID:
- C4025045
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Anomaly of the contour of the proximal epiphysis of the tibia such that its normally smooth appearance is irregular.
Irregular distal femoral epiphysis- MedGen UID:
- 870601
- •Concept ID:
- C4025050
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Anomaly of the contour of the Distal epiphysis of femur such that its normally smooth appearance is irregular.
Recurrent otitis media- MedGen UID:
- 155436
- •Concept ID:
- C0747085
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Increased susceptibility to otitis media, as manifested by recurrent episodes of otitis media.
Isolated Pierre-Robin syndrome- MedGen UID:
- 19310
- •Concept ID:
- C0031900
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Pierre Robin sequence is a craniofacial anomaly comprising mandibular hypoplasia, cleft secondary palate, and glossoptosis leading to life-threatening obstructive apnea and feeding difficulaties during the neonatal period (summary by Tan et al., 2013).
Epicanthus- MedGen UID:
- 151862
- •Concept ID:
- C0678230
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Epicanthus is a condition in which a fold of skin stretches from the upper to the lower eyelid, partially covering the inner canthus. Usher (1935) noted that epicanthus is a normal finding in the fetus of all races. Epicanthus also occurs in association with hereditary ptosis (110100).
Macrodontia of permanent maxillary central incisor- MedGen UID:
- 371973
- •Concept ID:
- C1835095
- •
- Finding
Increased size of the maxillary central secondary incisor tooth.
Depressed nasal bridge- MedGen UID:
- 373112
- •Concept ID:
- C1836542
- •
- Finding
Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age.
Thick lower lip vermilion- MedGen UID:
- 326567
- •Concept ID:
- C1839739
- •
- Finding
Increased thickness of the lower lip, leading to a prominent appearance of the lower lip. The height of the vermilion of the lower lip in the midline is more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased height of the vermilion of the lower lip in the frontal view (subjective).
Anteverted nares- MedGen UID:
- 326648
- •Concept ID:
- C1840077
- •
- Finding
Anteriorly-facing nostrils viewed with the head in the Frankfurt horizontal and the eyes of the observer level with the eyes of the subject. This gives the appearance of an upturned nose (upturned nasal tip).
Thick upper lip vermilion- MedGen UID:
- 339521
- •Concept ID:
- C1846423
- •
- Finding
Height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the midline more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the frontal view (subjective).
Midface retrusion- MedGen UID:
- 339938
- •Concept ID:
- C1853242
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Posterior positions and/or vertical shortening of the infraorbital and perialar regions, or increased concavity of the face and/or reduced nasolabial angle.
Short nose- MedGen UID:
- 343052
- •Concept ID:
- C1854114
- •
- Finding
Distance from nasion to subnasale more than two standard deviations below the mean, or alternatively, an apparently decreased length from the nasal root to the nasal tip.
Long philtrum- MedGen UID:
- 351278
- •Concept ID:
- C1865014
- •
- Finding
Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border.
Cleft palate- MedGen UID:
- 756015
- •Concept ID:
- C2981150
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Cleft palate is a developmental defect of the palate resulting from a failure of fusion of the palatine processes and manifesting as a separation of the roof of the mouth (soft and hard palate).
Bifid uvula- MedGen UID:
- 1646931
- •Concept ID:
- C4551488
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Uvula separated into two parts most easily seen at the tip.
Hypoplastic nasal bone- MedGen UID:
- 1814212
- •Concept ID:
- C5676634
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Length of the nasal bone below a predetermined cut-off as seen on antenatal ultrasound using standard imaging techniques.
Esotropia- MedGen UID:
- 4550
- •Concept ID:
- C0014877
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A form of strabismus with one or both eyes turned inward ('crossed') to a relatively severe degree, usually defined as 10 diopters or more.
Glaucoma- MedGen UID:
- 42224
- •Concept ID:
- C0017601
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Glaucoma refers loss of retinal ganglion cells in a characteristic pattern of optic neuropathy usually associated with increased intraocular pressure.
Hypertelorism- MedGen UID:
- 9373
- •Concept ID:
- C0020534
- •
- Finding
Although hypertelorism means an excessive distance between any paired organs (e.g., the nipples), the use of the word has come to be confined to ocular hypertelorism. Hypertelorism occurs as an isolated feature and is also a feature of many syndromes, e.g., Opitz G syndrome (see 300000), Greig cephalopolysyndactyly (175700), and Noonan syndrome (163950) (summary by Cohen et al., 1995).
Lens luxation- MedGen UID:
- 6043
- •Concept ID:
- C0023309
- •
- Injury or Poisoning
Complete dislocation of the lens of the eye.
Myopia- MedGen UID:
- 44558
- •Concept ID:
- C0027092
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Nearsightedness, also known as myopia, is an eye condition that causes blurry distance vision. People who are nearsighted have more trouble seeing things that are far away (such as when driving) than things that are close up (such as when reading or using a computer). If it is not treated with corrective lenses or surgery, nearsightedness can lead to squinting, eyestrain, headaches, and significant visual impairment.\n\nNearsightedness usually begins in childhood or adolescence. It tends to worsen with age until adulthood, when it may stop getting worse (stabilize). In some people, nearsightedness improves in later adulthood.\n\nFor normal vision, light passes through the clear cornea at the front of the eye and is focused by the lens onto the surface of the retina, which is the lining of the back of the eye that contains light-sensing cells. People who are nearsighted typically have eyeballs that are too long from front to back. As a result, light entering the eye is focused too far forward, in front of the retina instead of on its surface. It is this change that causes distant objects to appear blurry. The longer the eyeball is, the farther forward light rays will be focused and the more severely nearsighted a person will be.\n\nNearsightedness is measured by how powerful a lens must be to correct it. The standard unit of lens power is called a diopter. Negative (minus) powered lenses are used to correct nearsightedness. The more severe a person's nearsightedness, the larger the number of diopters required for correction. In an individual with nearsightedness, one eye may be more nearsighted than the other.\n\nEye doctors often refer to nearsightedness less than -5 or -6 diopters as "common myopia." Nearsightedness of -6 diopters or more is commonly called "high myopia." This distinction is important because high myopia increases a person's risk of developing other eye problems that can lead to permanent vision loss or blindness. These problems include tearing and detachment of the retina, clouding of the lens (cataract), and an eye disease called glaucoma that is usually related to increased pressure within the eye. The risk of these other eye problems increases with the severity of the nearsightedness. The term "pathological myopia" is used to describe cases in which high myopia leads to tissue damage within the eye.
Retinal detachment- MedGen UID:
- 19759
- •Concept ID:
- C0035305
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Primary or spontaneous detachment of the retina occurs due to underlying ocular disease and often involves the vitreous as well as the retina. The precipitating event is formation of a retinal tear or hole, which permits fluid to accumulate under the sensory layers of the retina and creates an intraretinal cleavage that destroys the neurosensory process of visual reception. Vitreoretinal degeneration and tear formation are painless phenomena, and in most cases, significant vitreoretinal pathology is found only after detachment of the retina starts to cause loss of vision or visual field. Without surgical intervention, retinal detachment will almost inevitably lead to total blindness (summary by McNiel and McPherson, 1971).
Cataract- MedGen UID:
- 39462
- •Concept ID:
- C0086543
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A cataract is an opacity or clouding that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its capsule.
Vitreoretinopathy- MedGen UID:
- 87480
- •Concept ID:
- C0344290
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Ocular abnormality characterized by premature degeneration of the vitreous and the retina that may be associated with increased risk of retinal detachment.
- Abnormality of head or neck
- Abnormality of limbs
- Abnormality of prenatal development or birth
- Abnormality of the eye
- Abnormality of the immune system
- Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system
- Abnormality of the nervous system
- Ear malformation
- Growth abnormality