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Milia

MedGen UID:
87528
Concept ID:
C0345996
Anatomical Abnormality
Synonyms: Milium; Milium cyst; Milium Cyst; Milk spot; Millium cyst; Subepidermal keratin cyst
SNOMED CT: Milia (254679001); Milium (37719003); Milia (37719003); Subepidermal keratin cyst (37719003); Milium cyst (37719003)
 
HPO: HP:0001056

Definition

Presence of multiple small cysts containing keratin (skin protein) and presenting as tiny pearly-white bumps just under the surface of the skin. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVMilia

Conditions with this feature

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Mineroff J, Dowling JR, Golbari NM, Wechter T, Jagdeo J
J Drugs Dermatol 2023 Nov 1;22(11):1130-1132. doi: 10.36849/JDD.7650. PMID: 37943264
Yates B, Que SK, D'Souza L, Suchecki J, Finch JJ
Clin Dermatol 2015 Mar-Apr;33(2):197-206. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.10.011. PMID: 25704939
Sullivan SA, Dailey RA
Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2000 Nov;16(6):417-26. doi: 10.1097/00002341-200011000-00004. PMID: 11106185

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Miyamoto D, Gordilho JO, Santi CG, Porro AM
An Bras Dermatol 2022 Jul-Aug;97(4):409-423. Epub 2022 Jun 11 doi: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.09.010. PMID: 35701269Free PMC Article
Mazieres J, Drilon A, Lusque A, Mhanna L, Cortot AB, Mezquita L, Thai AA, Mascaux C, Couraud S, Veillon R, Van den Heuvel M, Neal J, Peled N, Früh M, Ng TL, Gounant V, Popat S, Diebold J, Sabari J, Zhu VW, Rothschild SI, Bironzo P, Martinez-Marti A, Curioni-Fontecedro A, Rosell R, Lattuca-Truc M, Wiesweg M, Besse B, Solomon B, Barlesi F, Schouten RD, Wakelee H, Camidge DR, Zalcman G, Novello S, Ou SI, Milia J, Gautschi O
Ann Oncol 2019 Aug 1;30(8):1321-1328. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdz167. PMID: 31125062Free PMC Article
Nicolas A, Kenna KP, Renton AE, Ticozzi N, Faghri F, Chia R, Dominov JA, Kenna BJ, Nalls MA, Keagle P, Rivera AM, van Rheenen W, Murphy NA, van Vugt JJFA, Geiger JT, Van der Spek RA, Pliner HA, Shankaracharya, Smith BN, Marangi G, Topp SD, Abramzon Y, Gkazi AS, Eicher JD, Kenna A; ITALSGEN Consortium, Mora G, Calvo A, Mazzini L, Riva N, Mandrioli J, Caponnetto C, Battistini S, Volanti P, La Bella V, Conforti FL, Borghero G, Messina S, Simone IL, Trojsi F, Salvi F, Logullo FO, D'Alfonso S, Corrado L, Capasso M, Ferrucci L; Genomic Translation for ALS Care (GTAC) Consortium, Moreno CAM, Kamalakaran S, Goldstein DB; ALS Sequencing Consortium, Gitler AD, Harris T, Myers RM; NYGC ALS Consortium, Phatnani H, Musunuri RL, Evani US, Abhyankar A, Zody MC; Answer ALS Foundation, Kaye J, Finkbeiner S, Wyman SK, LeNail A, Lima L, Fraenkel E, Svendsen CN, Thompson LM, Van Eyk JE, Berry JD, Miller TM, Kolb SJ, Cudkowicz M, Baxi E; Clinical Research in ALS and Related Disorders for Therapeutic Development (CReATe) Consortium, Benatar M, Taylor JP, Rampersaud E, Wu G, Wuu J; SLAGEN Consortium, Lauria G, Verde F, Fogh I, Tiloca C, Comi GP, Sorarù G, Cereda C; French ALS Consortium, Corcia P, Laaksovirta H, Myllykangas L, Jansson L, Valori M, Ealing J, Hamdalla H, Rollinson S, Pickering-Brown S, Orrell RW, Sidle KC, Malaspina A, Hardy J, Singleton AB, Johnson JO, Arepalli S, Sapp PC, McKenna-Yasek D, Polak M, Asress S, Al-Sarraj S, King A, Troakes C, Vance C, de Belleroche J, Baas F, Ten Asbroek ALMA, Muñoz-Blanco JL, Hernandez DG, Ding J, Gibbs JR, Scholz SW, Floeter MK, Campbell RH, Landi F, Bowser R, Pulst SM, Ravits JM, MacGowan DJL, Kirby J, Pioro EP, Pamphlett R, Broach J, Gerhard G, Dunckley TL, Brady CB, Kowall NW, Troncoso JC, Le Ber I, Mouzat K, Lumbroso S, Heiman-Patterson TD, Kamel F, Van Den Bosch L, Baloh RH, Strom TM, Meitinger T, Shatunov A, Van Eijk KR, de Carvalho M, Kooyman M, Middelkoop B, Moisse M, McLaughlin RL, Van Es MA, Weber M, Boylan KB, Van Blitterswijk M, Rademakers R, Morrison KE, Basak AN, Mora JS, Drory VE, Shaw PJ, Turner MR, Talbot K, Hardiman O, Williams KL, Fifita JA, Nicholson GA, Blair IP, Rouleau GA, Esteban-Pérez J, García-Redondo A, Al-Chalabi A; Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium, Rogaeva E, Zinman L, Ostrow LW, Maragakis NJ, Rothstein JD, Simmons Z, Cooper-Knock J, Brice A, Goutman SA, Feldman EL, Gibson SB, Taroni F, Ratti A, Gellera C, Van Damme P, Robberecht W, Fratta P, Sabatelli M, Lunetta C, Ludolph AC, Andersen PM, Weishaupt JH, Camu W, Trojanowski JQ, Van Deerlin VM, Brown RH Jr, van den Berg LH, Veldink JH, Harms MB, Glass JD, Stone DJ, Tienari P, Silani V, Chiò A, Shaw CE, Traynor BJ, Landers JE
Neuron 2018 Mar 21;97(6):1267-1288. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.02.027. PMID: 29566793Free PMC Article
Holcomb JB, Tilley BC, Baraniuk S, Fox EE, Wade CE, Podbielski JM, del Junco DJ, Brasel KJ, Bulger EM, Callcut RA, Cohen MJ, Cotton BA, Fabian TC, Inaba K, Kerby JD, Muskat P, O'Keeffe T, Rizoli S, Robinson BR, Scalea TM, Schreiber MA, Stein DM, Weinberg JA, Callum JL, Hess JR, Matijevic N, Miller CN, Pittet JF, Hoyt DB, Pearson GD, Leroux B, van Belle G; PROPPR Study Group
JAMA 2015 Feb 3;313(5):471-82. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.12. PMID: 25647203Free PMC Article
Adan A, Archer SN, Hidalgo MP, Di Milia L, Natale V, Randler C
Chronobiol Int 2012 Nov;29(9):1153-75. Epub 2012 Sep 24 doi: 10.3109/07420528.2012.719971. PMID: 23004349

Diagnosis

Miyamoto D, Gordilho JO, Santi CG, Porro AM
An Bras Dermatol 2022 Jul-Aug;97(4):409-423. Epub 2022 Jun 11 doi: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.09.010. PMID: 35701269Free PMC Article
Milia E, Sotgiu MA, Spano G, Filigheddu E, Gallusi G, Campanella V
Eur J Paediatr Dent 2022 Mar;23(1):73-78. doi: 10.23804/ejpd.2022.23.01.14. PMID: 35274547
COVIDSurg Collaborative; GlobalSurg Collaborative
Anaesthesia 2021 Jun;76(6):748-758. Epub 2021 Mar 9 doi: 10.1111/anae.15458. PMID: 33690889Free PMC Article
Nicolas A, Kenna KP, Renton AE, Ticozzi N, Faghri F, Chia R, Dominov JA, Kenna BJ, Nalls MA, Keagle P, Rivera AM, van Rheenen W, Murphy NA, van Vugt JJFA, Geiger JT, Van der Spek RA, Pliner HA, Shankaracharya, Smith BN, Marangi G, Topp SD, Abramzon Y, Gkazi AS, Eicher JD, Kenna A; ITALSGEN Consortium, Mora G, Calvo A, Mazzini L, Riva N, Mandrioli J, Caponnetto C, Battistini S, Volanti P, La Bella V, Conforti FL, Borghero G, Messina S, Simone IL, Trojsi F, Salvi F, Logullo FO, D'Alfonso S, Corrado L, Capasso M, Ferrucci L; Genomic Translation for ALS Care (GTAC) Consortium, Moreno CAM, Kamalakaran S, Goldstein DB; ALS Sequencing Consortium, Gitler AD, Harris T, Myers RM; NYGC ALS Consortium, Phatnani H, Musunuri RL, Evani US, Abhyankar A, Zody MC; Answer ALS Foundation, Kaye J, Finkbeiner S, Wyman SK, LeNail A, Lima L, Fraenkel E, Svendsen CN, Thompson LM, Van Eyk JE, Berry JD, Miller TM, Kolb SJ, Cudkowicz M, Baxi E; Clinical Research in ALS and Related Disorders for Therapeutic Development (CReATe) Consortium, Benatar M, Taylor JP, Rampersaud E, Wu G, Wuu J; SLAGEN Consortium, Lauria G, Verde F, Fogh I, Tiloca C, Comi GP, Sorarù G, Cereda C; French ALS Consortium, Corcia P, Laaksovirta H, Myllykangas L, Jansson L, Valori M, Ealing J, Hamdalla H, Rollinson S, Pickering-Brown S, Orrell RW, Sidle KC, Malaspina A, Hardy J, Singleton AB, Johnson JO, Arepalli S, Sapp PC, McKenna-Yasek D, Polak M, Asress S, Al-Sarraj S, King A, Troakes C, Vance C, de Belleroche J, Baas F, Ten Asbroek ALMA, Muñoz-Blanco JL, Hernandez DG, Ding J, Gibbs JR, Scholz SW, Floeter MK, Campbell RH, Landi F, Bowser R, Pulst SM, Ravits JM, MacGowan DJL, Kirby J, Pioro EP, Pamphlett R, Broach J, Gerhard G, Dunckley TL, Brady CB, Kowall NW, Troncoso JC, Le Ber I, Mouzat K, Lumbroso S, Heiman-Patterson TD, Kamel F, Van Den Bosch L, Baloh RH, Strom TM, Meitinger T, Shatunov A, Van Eijk KR, de Carvalho M, Kooyman M, Middelkoop B, Moisse M, McLaughlin RL, Van Es MA, Weber M, Boylan KB, Van Blitterswijk M, Rademakers R, Morrison KE, Basak AN, Mora JS, Drory VE, Shaw PJ, Turner MR, Talbot K, Hardiman O, Williams KL, Fifita JA, Nicholson GA, Blair IP, Rouleau GA, Esteban-Pérez J, García-Redondo A, Al-Chalabi A; Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium, Rogaeva E, Zinman L, Ostrow LW, Maragakis NJ, Rothstein JD, Simmons Z, Cooper-Knock J, Brice A, Goutman SA, Feldman EL, Gibson SB, Taroni F, Ratti A, Gellera C, Van Damme P, Robberecht W, Fratta P, Sabatelli M, Lunetta C, Ludolph AC, Andersen PM, Weishaupt JH, Camu W, Trojanowski JQ, Van Deerlin VM, Brown RH Jr, van den Berg LH, Veldink JH, Harms MB, Glass JD, Stone DJ, Tienari P, Silani V, Chiò A, Shaw CE, Traynor BJ, Landers JE
Neuron 2018 Mar 21;97(6):1267-1288. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.02.027. PMID: 29566793Free PMC Article
O'Connor NR, McLaughlin MR, Ham P
Am Fam Physician 2008 Jan 1;77(1):47-52. PMID: 18236822

Therapy

Miyamoto D, Gordilho JO, Santi CG, Porro AM
An Bras Dermatol 2022 Jul-Aug;97(4):409-423. Epub 2022 Jun 11 doi: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.09.010. PMID: 35701269Free PMC Article
Mazieres J, Drilon A, Lusque A, Mhanna L, Cortot AB, Mezquita L, Thai AA, Mascaux C, Couraud S, Veillon R, Van den Heuvel M, Neal J, Peled N, Früh M, Ng TL, Gounant V, Popat S, Diebold J, Sabari J, Zhu VW, Rothschild SI, Bironzo P, Martinez-Marti A, Curioni-Fontecedro A, Rosell R, Lattuca-Truc M, Wiesweg M, Besse B, Solomon B, Barlesi F, Schouten RD, Wakelee H, Camidge DR, Zalcman G, Novello S, Ou SI, Milia J, Gautschi O
Ann Oncol 2019 Aug 1;30(8):1321-1328. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdz167. PMID: 31125062Free PMC Article
Kudenchuk PJ, Brown SP, Daya M, Rea T, Nichol G, Morrison LJ, Leroux B, Vaillancourt C, Wittwer L, Callaway CW, Christenson J, Egan D, Ornato JP, Weisfeldt ML, Stiell IG, Idris AH, Aufderheide TP, Dunford JV, Colella MR, Vilke GM, Brienza AM, Desvigne-Nickens P, Gray PC, Gray R, Seals N, Straight R, Dorian P; Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Investigators
N Engl J Med 2016 May 5;374(18):1711-22. Epub 2016 Apr 4 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1514204. PMID: 27043165
Holcomb JB, Tilley BC, Baraniuk S, Fox EE, Wade CE, Podbielski JM, del Junco DJ, Brasel KJ, Bulger EM, Callcut RA, Cohen MJ, Cotton BA, Fabian TC, Inaba K, Kerby JD, Muskat P, O'Keeffe T, Rizoli S, Robinson BR, Scalea TM, Schreiber MA, Stein DM, Weinberg JA, Callum JL, Hess JR, Matijevic N, Miller CN, Pittet JF, Hoyt DB, Pearson GD, Leroux B, van Belle G; PROPPR Study Group
JAMA 2015 Feb 3;313(5):471-82. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.12. PMID: 25647203Free PMC Article
Gupta R, Woodley DT, Chen M
Clin Dermatol 2012 Jan-Feb;30(1):60-9. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.03.011. PMID: 22137228Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Miyamoto D, Gordilho JO, Santi CG, Porro AM
An Bras Dermatol 2022 Jul-Aug;97(4):409-423. Epub 2022 Jun 11 doi: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.09.010. PMID: 35701269Free PMC Article
Morelle J, Stachowska-Pietka J, Öberg C, Gadola L, La Milia V, Yu Z, Lambie M, Mehrotra R, de Arteaga J, Davies S
Perit Dial Int 2021 Jul;41(4):352-372. Epub 2021 Feb 10 doi: 10.1177/0896860820982218. PMID: 33563110
Kudenchuk PJ, Brown SP, Daya M, Rea T, Nichol G, Morrison LJ, Leroux B, Vaillancourt C, Wittwer L, Callaway CW, Christenson J, Egan D, Ornato JP, Weisfeldt ML, Stiell IG, Idris AH, Aufderheide TP, Dunford JV, Colella MR, Vilke GM, Brienza AM, Desvigne-Nickens P, Gray PC, Gray R, Seals N, Straight R, Dorian P; Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Investigators
N Engl J Med 2016 May 5;374(18):1711-22. Epub 2016 Apr 4 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1514204. PMID: 27043165
Holcomb JB, Tilley BC, Baraniuk S, Fox EE, Wade CE, Podbielski JM, del Junco DJ, Brasel KJ, Bulger EM, Callcut RA, Cohen MJ, Cotton BA, Fabian TC, Inaba K, Kerby JD, Muskat P, O'Keeffe T, Rizoli S, Robinson BR, Scalea TM, Schreiber MA, Stein DM, Weinberg JA, Callum JL, Hess JR, Matijevic N, Miller CN, Pittet JF, Hoyt DB, Pearson GD, Leroux B, van Belle G; PROPPR Study Group
JAMA 2015 Feb 3;313(5):471-82. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.12. PMID: 25647203Free PMC Article
O'Connor NR, McLaughlin MR, Ham P
Am Fam Physician 2008 Jan 1;77(1):47-52. PMID: 18236822

Clinical prediction guides

Al-Dhalimi MA, Jasim SH
Arch Dermatol Res 2023 Apr;315(3):531-540. Epub 2022 Sep 26 doi: 10.1007/s00403-022-02387-3. PMID: 36163392
NIHR Global Health Unit on Global Surgery; COVIDSurg Collaborative
Lancet 2022 Nov 5;400(10363):1607-1617. Epub 2022 Oct 31 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01846-3. PMID: 36328042Free PMC Article
Holcomb JB, Tilley BC, Baraniuk S, Fox EE, Wade CE, Podbielski JM, del Junco DJ, Brasel KJ, Bulger EM, Callcut RA, Cohen MJ, Cotton BA, Fabian TC, Inaba K, Kerby JD, Muskat P, O'Keeffe T, Rizoli S, Robinson BR, Scalea TM, Schreiber MA, Stein DM, Weinberg JA, Callum JL, Hess JR, Matijevic N, Miller CN, Pittet JF, Hoyt DB, Pearson GD, Leroux B, van Belle G; PROPPR Study Group
JAMA 2015 Feb 3;313(5):471-82. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.12. PMID: 25647203Free PMC Article
La Milia V
J Nephrol 2010 Nov-Dec;23(6):633-47. PMID: 20540028
O'Connor NR, McLaughlin MR, Ham P
Am Fam Physician 2008 Jan 1;77(1):47-52. PMID: 18236822

Recent systematic reviews

Zara P, Dinoto A, Carta S, Floris V, Turilli D, Budhram A, Ferrari S, Milia S, Solla P, Mariotto S, Flanagan EP, Lopez Chiriboga AS, Sechi E
Eur J Neurol 2023 Oct;30(10):3367-3376. Epub 2023 Jul 19 doi: 10.1111/ene.15983. PMID: 37433584Free PMC Article
Milia G, Noonan M
J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2022 Dec;29(6):813-828. Epub 2022 Mar 24 doi: 10.1111/jpm.12828. PMID: 35255182Free PMC Article
Aromolo IF, Maronese CA, Moltrasio C, Genovese G, Marzano AV
Int J Dermatol 2022 Nov;61(11):1353-1358. Epub 2022 Jan 20 doi: 10.1111/ijd.16045. PMID: 35049061
Tang JY, Marinkovich MP, Lucas E, Gorell E, Chiou A, Lu Y, Gillon J, Patel D, Rudin D
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021 Apr 13;16(1):175. doi: 10.1186/s13023-021-01811-7. PMID: 33849616Free PMC Article
Eramo S, Natali A, Pinna R, Milia E
Int Endod J 2018 Apr;51(4):405-419. Epub 2017 Nov 7 doi: 10.1111/iej.12868. PMID: 29047120

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