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Neurodevelopmental disorder with impaired speech and hyperkinetic movements(NEDISHM)

MedGen UID:
1681181
Concept ID:
C5193088
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: NEDISHM; NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER WITH IMPAIRED SPEECH AND HYPERKINETIC MOVEMENTS
 
Gene (location): ZNF142 (2q35)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0032741
OMIM®: 618425

Definition

Neurodevelopmental disorder with impaired speech and hyperkinetic movements (NEDISHM) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by global developmental delay apparent in infancy. Most patients have mildly delayed walking, speech and language delay, and a hyperkinetic movement disorder with dystonia, tremor, ataxia, or chorea. Some may develop seizures that tend to abate (summary by Khan et al., 2019). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Cerebellar ataxia
MedGen UID:
849
Concept ID:
C0007758
Disease or Syndrome
Cerebellar ataxia refers to ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. This causes a variety of elementary neurological deficits including asynergy (lack of coordination between muscles, limbs and joints), dysmetria (lack of ability to judge distances that can lead to under- or overshoot in grasping movements), and dysdiadochokinesia (inability to perform rapid movements requiring antagonizing muscle groups to be switched on and off repeatedly).
Chorea
MedGen UID:
3420
Concept ID:
C0008489
Disease or Syndrome
Chorea (Greek for 'dance') refers to widespread arrhythmic involuntary movements of a forcible, jerky and restless fashion. It is a random-appearing sequence of one or more discrete involuntary movements or movement fragments. Movements appear random because of variability in timing, duration or location. Each movement may have a distinct start and end. However, movements may be strung together and thus may appear to flow randomly from one muscle group to another. Chorea can involve the trunk, neck, face, tongue, and extremities.
Dystonic disorder
MedGen UID:
3940
Concept ID:
C0013421
Sign or Symptom
An abnormally increased muscular tone that causes fixed abnormal postures. There is a slow, intermittent twisting motion that leads to exaggerated turning and posture of the extremities and trunk.
Torticollis
MedGen UID:
11859
Concept ID:
C0040485
Sign or Symptom
Torticollis is a twisted neck as a result of shortening of sternocleidomastoid muscle. This short and fibrotic muscle pulls the head laterally and rotates the chin and face to the opposite end. Facial asymmetry may be a manifestation (summary by Engin et al., 1997).
Tremor
MedGen UID:
21635
Concept ID:
C0040822
Sign or Symptom
An unintentional, oscillating to-and-fro muscle movement about a joint axis.
Delayed speech and language development
MedGen UID:
105318
Concept ID:
C0454644
Finding
A degree of language development that is significantly below the norm for a child of a specified age.
Bilateral tonic-clonic seizure
MedGen UID:
141670
Concept ID:
C0494475
Sign or Symptom
A bilateral tonic-clonic seizure is a seizure defined by a tonic (bilateral increased tone, lasting seconds to minutes) and then a clonic (bilateral sustained rhythmic jerking) phase.
Global developmental delay
MedGen UID:
107838
Concept ID:
C0557874
Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Lower limb hyperreflexia
MedGen UID:
322973
Concept ID:
C1836696
Finding
Intellectual disability
MedGen UID:
811461
Concept ID:
C3714756
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.
Hyperkinetic movements
MedGen UID:
854367
Concept ID:
C3887506
Disease or Syndrome
Motor hyperactivity with excessive movement of muscles of the body as a whole.
Delayed ability to sit
MedGen UID:
1368737
Concept ID:
C4476710
Finding
A failure to achieve the ability to sit at an appropriate developmental stage. Most children sit with support at 6 months of age and sit steadily without support at 9 months of age.
Dolichocephaly
MedGen UID:
65142
Concept ID:
C0221358
Congenital Abnormality
An abnormality of skull shape characterized by a increased anterior-posterior diameter, i.e., an increased antero-posterior dimension of the skull. Cephalic index less than 76%. Alternatively, an apparently increased antero-posterior length of the head compared to width. Often due to premature closure of the sagittal suture.
Axial hypotonia
MedGen UID:
342959
Concept ID:
C1853743
Finding
Muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone) affecting the musculature of the trunk.

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Mir A, Song Y, Lee H, Montazer-Zohouri M, Reisi M, Tabatabaiefar MA
Mol Genet Genomic Med 2023 Dec;11(12):e2261. Epub 2023 Jul 26 doi: 10.1002/mgg3.2261. PMID: 37496384Free PMC Article
Groom MJ, van Loon E, Daley D, Chapman P, Hollis C
BMC Psychiatry 2015 Jul 28;15:175. doi: 10.1186/s12888-015-0566-y. PMID: 26216345Free PMC Article
D'Urso G, Bruzzese D, Ferrucci R, Priori A, Pascotto A, Galderisi S, Altamura AC, Bravaccio C
World J Biol Psychiatry 2015;16(5):361-6. Epub 2015 Mar 24 doi: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1014411. PMID: 25800799
Palfrey JS, Singer JD, Walker DK, Butler JA
J Pediatr 1987 Nov;111(5):651-9. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(87)80238-x. PMID: 2444688
Baker L, Cantwell DP, Mattison RE
J Abnorm Child Psychol 1980 Jun;8(2):245-56. doi: 10.1007/BF00919068. PMID: 7400469

Diagnosis

Mir A, Song Y, Lee H, Montazer-Zohouri M, Reisi M, Tabatabaiefar MA
Mol Genet Genomic Med 2023 Dec;11(12):e2261. Epub 2023 Jul 26 doi: 10.1002/mgg3.2261. PMID: 37496384Free PMC Article
Takahashi S, Matsumoto N, Okayama A, Suzuki N, Araki A, Okajima K, Tanaka H, Miyamoto A
Clin Genet 2012 Dec;82(6):569-73. Epub 2011 Dec 16 doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01819.x. PMID: 22129046
Burbidge C, Oliver C, Moss J, Arron K, Berg K, Furniss F, Hill L, Trusler K, Woodcock K
J Intellect Disabil Res 2010 Dec;54(12):1078-92. Epub 2010 Oct 26 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2010.01338.x. PMID: 20977516
Palfrey JS, Singer JD, Walker DK, Butler JA
J Pediatr 1987 Nov;111(5):651-9. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(87)80238-x. PMID: 2444688

Therapy

D'Urso G, Bruzzese D, Ferrucci R, Priori A, Pascotto A, Galderisi S, Altamura AC, Bravaccio C
World J Biol Psychiatry 2015;16(5):361-6. Epub 2015 Mar 24 doi: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1014411. PMID: 25800799

Prognosis

Sultan T, Scorrano G, Panciroli M, Christoforou M, Raza Alvi J, Di Ludovico A, Qureshi S, Efthymiou S, Salpietro V, Houlden H
Gene 2024 Mar 20;899:148119. Epub 2023 Dec 29 doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148119. PMID: 38160741
Groom MJ, van Loon E, Daley D, Chapman P, Hollis C
BMC Psychiatry 2015 Jul 28;15:175. doi: 10.1186/s12888-015-0566-y. PMID: 26216345Free PMC Article
D'Urso G, Bruzzese D, Ferrucci R, Priori A, Pascotto A, Galderisi S, Altamura AC, Bravaccio C
World J Biol Psychiatry 2015;16(5):361-6. Epub 2015 Mar 24 doi: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1014411. PMID: 25800799
Palfrey JS, Singer JD, Walker DK, Butler JA
J Pediatr 1987 Nov;111(5):651-9. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(87)80238-x. PMID: 2444688

Clinical prediction guides

Kaya D, Ceylan Köse C, Akcan MB, Silan F
Am J Med Genet A 2024 Sep;194(9):e63636. Epub 2024 Apr 24 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63636. PMID: 38655717
Wong LC, Huang CH, Chou WY, Hsu CJ, Tsai WC, Lee WT
Autism Res 2023 May;16(5):953-966. Epub 2023 Mar 21 doi: 10.1002/aur.2916. PMID: 36942618
Groom MJ, van Loon E, Daley D, Chapman P, Hollis C
BMC Psychiatry 2015 Jul 28;15:175. doi: 10.1186/s12888-015-0566-y. PMID: 26216345Free PMC Article
D'Urso G, Bruzzese D, Ferrucci R, Priori A, Pascotto A, Galderisi S, Altamura AC, Bravaccio C
World J Biol Psychiatry 2015;16(5):361-6. Epub 2015 Mar 24 doi: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1014411. PMID: 25800799
Burbidge C, Oliver C, Moss J, Arron K, Berg K, Furniss F, Hill L, Trusler K, Woodcock K
J Intellect Disabil Res 2010 Dec;54(12):1078-92. Epub 2010 Oct 26 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2010.01338.x. PMID: 20977516

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